scholarly journals Impossible to Go Beyond Beef? An Unbiased Metabolomics Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 785-785
Author(s):  
Stephan van Vliet ◽  
James Bain ◽  
Micheal Muelbauer ◽  
Scott Kronberg ◽  
Fred Provenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Beef ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Molecular Physiology ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Facts Panel

Abstract Objectives Novel plant-based meat alternatives are becoming increasingly popular with consumers. The new generation of meat alternatives is specifically formulated to closely mimic the taste, sensory experience, and nutritional composition of meat. The goal of this work was to perform unbiased analysis of the biochemical composition of ground beef versus a novel plant-based meat alternative to determine their nutritional equivalency. Methods Ground beef from eighteen different steers was purchased from Alderspring Ranch, ID. Eighteen different packages of a plant-based meat alternative were purchased from a local grocery store. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis of sample homogenates was conducted via gas chromatography/electron-ionization mass spectrometry (GC/ei-MS) in the Metabolomics Laboratory of the Duke Molecular Physiology Institute. Following log-transformation, t-test were used to compare all individual analytes using a p-value (false discovery rate) cutoff of P < 0.01, without adjustment for multiple comparisons. Multivariate analyses (principal component and cluster analysis) was performed using software procedures in MetaboAnalyst 4.0. Results A total of 159 out of 184 detected metabolites were found to be different between beef and the plant-based meat alternative (P < 0.01). Metabolites such as niacinamide, calcium pantothenate, creatinine/creatine, anserine, hydroxyproline, and glucosamine were only found in beef, while metabolites such as delta-tocopherol, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, vanillic acid, and various plant sterols were only found in the plant-based alternative. Conclusions Despite suggested similarity based on their Nutrition Facts panel, we show that metabolites with important regulatory roles in human health are either absent or present in lower quantities in the plant-based meat alternative. These data suggest that novel plant-based meat alternatives should, at present, not be viewed as direct nutritional replacements for red meat. Funding Sources None.

Segmenting elder German grocery shoppers based on shopping motivations

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Oeser ◽  
Tanju Aygün ◽  
Claudia-Livia Balan ◽  
Rainer Paffrath ◽  
Marcus Thomas Schuckel
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Store Choice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shopping Motivations ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Purpose Elder German grocery shoppers are a growing, heterogeneous, and highly relevant and attractive, but under-researched market segment. In order to understand them and their grocery shopping motivations better and target them efficiently and effectively, the purpose of this paper is to identify dimensions of their shopping motivations and segment them based on these dimensions. Design/methodology/approach In total, 26 grocery store-choice criteria were identified in a thorough literature review and focus-group interviews with 36 elder German consumers aged 65 and older. In a subsequent survey, the importance of these criteria was rated by 1,288 German shoppers of the same age group. A principal component and cluster analysis were performed to identify dimensions of store-choice criteria and segments of elder German grocery shoppers. Multivariate analysis of variance, analysis of variance and discriminant analysis were used to test for statistically significant differences between the clusters. Findings Basic quality considerations, shopping experience and social interaction, service and assistance, price consciousness, product orientation, convenient location and quick service and packaging requirements influence the grocery store choice of elder German consumers in decreasing order of variance explained. The cluster analysis revealed indifferent, leisure, convenience, assistance-oriented, no frills, product-oriented and service-oriented elder German shoppers, which differ in their shopping motivations statistically and significantly. These clusters are described and contrasted in detail to derive managerial implications. Originality/value This research provides the first store-choice component analysis and cluster analysis for elder German grocery shoppers. This can help food retail to reach this attractive target group more efficiently and effectively and improve the food supply of elder German consumers.

The Utilization of Ftir (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) Method Combined with Chemometrics For Authentication of Indonesian Coffee Powder

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firmansyah A. ◽  
Winingsih W. ◽  
Soebara Y S
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Product Analysis ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Analysis of natural product remain challenging issues for analytical chemist, since natural products are complicated system of mixture. The most popular methods of choice used for quality control of raw material and finished product are high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS). The utilization of FTIR-ATR (Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance) method in natural product analysis is still limited. This study attempts to expand the use of FTIR spectroscopy in authenticating Indonesian coffee powder.The coffee samples studied were taken from nine regions in Indonesia, namely Aceh Gayo, Flores, Kintamani, Mandheling, Papua, Sidikalang, Toraja, Kerinci and Lampung.The samples in the form of coffee bean from various regions were powdered . The next step conducted was to determine the spectrum using the FTIR-ATR (Attenuated Total Reflectance) using ZnSe crystal of 8000 resolution. Spectrum samples, then, were analyzed using chemometrics. The utilized chemometric model was the principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Based on the chemometric analysis, there are similarities between Aceh Gayo coffee with Toraja coffee, Mandailing coffee, Kintamani coffee and Flores coffee. Sidikalang coffee has a similarity to Flores coffee; Papua coffee has a similarity to Sidikalang coffee; Lampung coffee has a similarity to Sidikalang coffee, while Kerinci coffee has a similarity to Papua coffee.

scholarly journals Four-Year Study on the Bio-Agronomic Response of Biotypes of Capparis spinosa L. on the Island of Linosa (Italy)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Salvatore La Bella ◽  
Francesco Rossini ◽  
Mario Licata ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Production Behavior ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

The caper plant is widespread in Sicily (Italy) both wild in natural habitats and as specialized crops, showing considerable morphological variation. However, although contributing to a thriving market, innovation in caper cropping is low. The aim of the study was to evaluate agronomic and production behavior of some biotypes of Capparis spinosa L. subsp. rupestris, identified on the Island of Linosa (Italy) for growing purposes. Two years and seven biotypes of the species were tested in a randomized complete block design. The main morphological and production parameters were determined. Phenological stages were also observed. Analysis of variance showed high variability between the biotypes. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis highlighted a clear distinction between biotypes based on biometric and production characteristics. Production data collected in the two-year period 2007–2008 showed the greatest production levels in the third year following planting in 2005. In particular, biotype SCP1 had the highest average value (975.47 g) of flower bud consistency. Our results permitted the identification of biotypes of interest for the introduction into new caper fields. Further research is needed in order to characterize caper biotypes in terms of the chemical composition of the flower buds and fruits.

scholarly journals Discovery of Spatial Peptide Signatures for Neuroblastoma Risk Assessment by MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3184
Author(s):  
Zhiyang Wu ◽  
Patrick Hundsdoerfer ◽  
Johannes H. Schulte ◽  
Kathy Astrahantseff ◽  
Senguel Boral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Imaging ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Risk Classification ◽  
Intratumor Heterogeneity ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Analytical Strategy

Risk classification plays a crucial role in clinical management and therapy decisions in children with neuroblastoma. Risk assessment is currently based on patient criteria and molecular factors in single tumor biopsies at diagnosis. Growing evidence of extensive neuroblastoma intratumor heterogeneity drives the need for novel diagnostics to assess molecular profiles more comprehensively in spatial resolution to better predict risk for tumor progression and therapy resistance. We present a pilot study investigating the feasibility and potential of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) to identify spatial peptide heterogeneity in neuroblastoma tissues of divergent current risk classification: high versus low/intermediate risk. Univariate (receiver operating characteristic analysis) and multivariate (segmentation, principal component analysis) statistical strategies identified spatially discriminative risk-associated MALDI-based peptide signatures. The AHNAK nucleoprotein and collapsin response mediator protein 1 (CRMP1) were identified as proteins associated with these peptide signatures, and their differential expression in the neuroblastomas of divergent risk was immunohistochemically validated. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that MALDI-MSI combined with univariate and multivariate analysis strategies can identify spatially discriminative risk-associated peptide signatures in neuroblastoma tissues. These results suggest a promising new analytical strategy improving risk classification and providing new biological insights into neuroblastoma intratumor heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Rapid Tool to Qualitatively Predict the Effects of Species, Regions and Roasting on the Nutritional Composition of Australian Acacia Seed Species

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1879
Author(s):  
Oladipupo Q. Adiamo ◽  
Yasmina Sultanbawa ◽  
Daniel Cozzolino
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Mir Spectroscopy ◽  
As Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mir Spectra ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Rapid Tool

In recent times, the popularity of adding value to under-utilized legumes have increased to enhance their use for human consumption. Acacia seed (AS) is an underutilized legume with over 40 edible species found in Australia. The study aimed to qualitatively characterize the chemical composition of 14 common edible AS species from 27 regions in Australia using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy as a rapid tool. Raw and roasted (180 °C, 5, 7, and 9 min) AS flour were analysed using MIR spectroscopy. The wavenumbers (1045 cm−1, 1641 cm−1, and 2852–2926 cm−1) in the MIR spectra show the main components in the AS samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the MIR data displayed the clustering of samples according to species and roasting treatment. However, regional differences within the same AS species have less of an effect on the components, as shown in the PCA plot. Statistical analysis of absorbance at specific wavenumbers showed that roasting significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the compositions of some of the AS species. The results provided a foundation for hypothesizing the compositional similarity and/or differences among AS species before and after roasting.

scholarly journals Longitudinal change in left ventricular 4D flow kinetic energy after myocardial infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ben-Arzi ◽  
A Das ◽  
C Kelly ◽  
RJ Van Der Geest ◽  
A Chowdhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
P Value ◽  
4D Flow ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
End Diastolic Volume

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): British Heart Foundation HRUK Background. Four-dimensional flow (4D flow) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging provides quantification of intra-cavity left ventricular (LV) flow kinetic energy (KE) parameters in three dimensions. Myocardial infarction (MI) is known to cause acute alterations in intra-cardiac blood flow but assessments of longitudinal changes are lacking. Purpose. Assess longitudinal changes in LV flow post ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Method. Twenty acutely reperfused STEMI patients (13 men, 7 women, mean age 54 ± 9 years) underwent 3T CMR acutely (within 5-7 days) and 3 months post-MI.  CMR protocol included functional imaging, late gadolinium enhancement and 4D flow. Using Q-MASS, LV KE parameters were derived and indexed to LV end-diastolic volume (LVKEiEDV). Based on acute ejection fraction (EF), patients were grouped as follows: preserved (pEF) EF &gt;50%, reduced (rEF) EF &lt;50% including mild (rEF= 40-49%), moderate to severe (EF &lt;40%) impairment.  Results. Out of 20 patients, 13 had rEF acutely (7 mild rEF, 6 moderate to severe rEF). Acute LVKEiEDV parameters varied significantly between pEF and rEF (Table). At 3 months, pEF and mild rEF patients showed a significant (P &lt; 0.05) reduction in average, systolic and peak-A wave LVKEiEDV. Mild rEF patients also had significant (P &lt; 0.05) reduction in minimal and peak-E wave LVKEiEDV. However in patients with moderate to severe rEF in the acute scan, there were no significant change by 3 months (Figure). Conclusion. Following MI, 4D flow LVKE derived biomarkers significantly decreased over time in pEF and mild rEF groups but not in moderate to severe rEF group. 4D flow assessment might provide incremental prognostic value beyond EF assessment alone. Table pEF (n = 7) rEF (n = 13) V1 V2 P-value V1 V2 P-value EF(%) 56 ± 5 55 ± 4 0.40 41 ± 7 47 ± 9 0.01 Infarct Size(%) 31 ± 20 15 ± 9 0.04 18 ± 13† 16 ± 11 0.41 LV KEiEDV parameters Average(µJ/ml) 9 ± 2 7 ± 2 0.02 10 ± 3† 8 ± 3 0.01 Minimal(µJ/ml) 1 ± 0.6 1 ± 0.5 0.46 1.3 ± 0.5 1 ± 0.6 0.03 Systolic(µJ/ml) 10 ± 4 7 ± 2 &lt;0.01 12 ± 4† 7 ± 3 &lt;0.01 Diastolic(µJ/ml) 8 ± 3 7 ± 2 0.13 9 ± 3 8 ± 3 0.09 Peak-E wave(µJ/ml) 22 ± 9 23 ± 8 0.44 20 ± 7 18 ± 10 0.23 Peak-A wave(µJ/ml) 18 ± 10 11 ± 4 0.04 17 ± 9 14 ± 7 0.02 †P &lt; 0.05 V1 comparison between pEF and rEF Abstract Figure

Factors associated with successful return to work in young heart failure and ischaemic heart disease patients following index hospital admission

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HV Thakkar ◽  
L Hollingsworth ◽  
JA Enright ◽  
S Sanderson ◽  
RJ Macfadyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Factors influencing return to remunerated work following an acute cardiac illness are poorly defined. We wished to compare the factors in our cohorts following first presentation of acute coronary syndrome(ACS) and decompensated heart failure(HF). Methods Prospectively identified subjects, aged 18-65years, from a rehabilitation population for ACS and HF during 2018-2019 underwent a survey. Results Of 133cases meeting inclusion criteria, 84 completed the survey(41 HF, 80% male, mean age 55years; 43 ACS, 86% male, mean age 57years). Socio-economic indexes for Areas(SIEFA) index were similar for HF(900) & ACS(909) groups, which represents 11th and 14th percentile for Australia respectively. Cardiovascular risk factors were similar except hypercholesterolemia(37% v 60%; p = 0.029) was more common in ACS. Many subjects did not continue beyond Yr12, (54% HF v 30% ACS; p = 0.029). A majority of ACS cases returned to work as compared with HF(70% v 44%; p = 0.017)(Figure). On multivariate analysis, male gender[p = 0.031;OR 13.71 (1.28-147.36)]; access to financial benefits[p &lt; 0.001;OR 22.75 (4.31-119.99)] and a desire to return to work [p = 0.014;OR 12.1 (1.67-87.82)] were associated with successful return to work (Table). Limitations Our study has small numbers so will be difficult to generalise to a wider population. We do show a signal towards the complex interplay of the social and individual factors in determining return to work. Further larger studies are required to tease out the differences between the individual factors to help predict return to work in the Australian context. Conclusion Successful return to work for patients with first presentation of ACS or HF could not be reliably predicted. Patients with ACS returned to work more often than HF. In HF patients who do n to return to work, recurrent symptoms, individual motivation, social support and access to financial benefits have a complex interplay. Predictors of return to work Predictor P value OR (95% CI) Diagnosis (heart failure) 0.095 0.29 (0.07, 1.24) Gender (male) 0.031 13.71 (1.28, 147.36) Access to benefit (none) &lt;0.001 22.75 (4.31, 119.99) Desire to RTW (yes) 0.014 12.1 (1.67, 87.82) Abstract Figure. Rates of return to work in the 2 groups

scholarly journals Does Consumption of Nitrate Containing Beetroot Juice Affect Indoor Rowing Performance in Males and Females?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1754-1754
Author(s):  
Giselle Greisman ◽  
June Kloubec ◽  
Alexandra Kazaks ◽  
Kelly Morrow ◽  
Cristen Harris
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Beverage Type ◽  
Rowing Performance ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Objectives The nitrates found in beetroot juice (BR) are known to be a precursor of nitric oxide (NO). NO is a known vasodilator which allows more oxygen to travel in the blood and may improve muscle efficiency. This study aims to measure the effect of BR supplementation on performance on 500-meter row time for trained CrossFit athletes. Many past studies have analyzed the effect of BR on male athletes, this study aimed to include both males and females. Methods This study used a randomized, cross-over, double-blind, placebo-controlled design to measure 500-meter row time. Thirty athletes age 18–60 consumed either a 2.7 oz shot of BR (6.5 mmol nitrate) or a placebo nitrate-free beetroot juice (PL). Two hours later, they rowed 500 meters. After at least a seven-day washout period, athletes repeated the 500-meter row with either BR or PL for comparison. This study was performed from July 2019 – January 2020 and was conducted in Mercer Island, Washington. Results Ten males age 18.0 to 60.3 (median 47.7) and twenty females age 26.7 to 58.3 (median 43.8), participated in this study. Row times for the 500-meter row ranged from 88.2 seconds to 150.7 seconds. Data indicate that although 60% of all participants rowed faster with BR (mean 112.83 seconds), compared to PL (mean 113.40 seconds), the difference in the means of row times (−0.563) was not significant overall (P = 0.29). However, for the 10 males, row times were significantly faster (1.02 second difference, P = 0.04) on average with BR compared to PL. For the 20 females, the difference in mean row time (−0.335 seconds) was not significant (P = 0.66). Competitive rowers were defined as those who rowed under 110 seconds (N = 15). For competitive rowers (10 males, 5 females), row times were significantly faster with BR compared to PL (difference in means −0.94, P = 0.009). However, for those rowers, the P-value of drink * group was 0.015. Conclusions Dietary nitrate improved indoor rowing performance in males but not in females. In addition, competitive rowers were also significantly faster with BR, however, there may be an order bias, since there was significant interaction between beverage type and testing order. Food based nitrate supplements may increase rowing performance with male rowers. Funding Sources Supported by Bastyr Faculty Student Research Grant.

scholarly journals Fee - fishing operation evaluation at Nothwest São Paulo State, Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 590-596
Author(s):  
Ruy Bessa Lopes ◽  
Luiz de Carvalho Landell Filho ◽  
Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Productive System ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Fee-fishing operations developed recently in Brazilian agricultural scenery in a rather disordered manner. This study, carried out at the northwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil, focuses on the productive performance of fee-fishing system. Several visits were made monthly to nine fee-fishing establishments, for six months. A questionnaire by owners targeting 13 indicators of the operation's productive performance. Data were submitted to multivariate analysis (MANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. MANOVA indicated significant differences between the fee-fishing operations. The PCA analyses indicated, from the higher coefficient eigenvectors, three attributes for the lakes, such as productive system, fishery management and operational administration. The cluster analyses classified the fishing lakes in four groups. The indicators angler frequency (AF), stocking density (SD), stocking biomass (SB), total capture (TC) and capture/lake/day (CLD), which are part of the attribute productive system, were the most important indicators of "fee-fishing" operations performance in this study.

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