scholarly journals Pre-Pregnancy Maternal Nutritional Status and Physical Activity Levels During Pregnancy Associated with Birth Size Outcomes in Minangkabau Women, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 931-931
Author(s):  
Arif Sabta Aji ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Safarina G Malik ◽  
Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Doctoral Degree ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Master Program ◽  
Research Technology

Abstract Objectives To analyse the association between maternal physical activity status and birth size outcomes and whether other determinants of confounding variable such as pre-pregnancy BMI (PP BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) during pregnancy affect birth size outcomes. Methods A prospective birth cohort study. Subject's PAL was measured at the first trimester (T1) and third trimester (T3) during pregnancy. Birth size outcomes were measured immediately after birth. Results The analyses included 183 mother and infant pairs with a mean newborn birth weight of 3211.75 ± 434.70 g. Pregnant women at T3 had two times lower physical activity than T1 of pregnancy (OR, 2.18; CI, 1.044–4.57; P = 0.045). Maternal PAL at T1 and T3 were in sedentary level (74.30% and 77%, respectively). There was no association between PP BMI and physical activity level during pregnancy. We found no significant association between PAL during pregnancy and birth size outcomes (P > 0.05 for all comparisons). However, we had a significant association with birth weight after our confounder adjustment (P = 0.032). There was a significant interaction between maternal PAL and PP BMI on birth weight and head circumference (Pinteraction < 0.05). Conclusions Our study provides evidence that neither maternal physical activity status nor pre-pregnancy BMI in the prenatal period are associated with birth size outcomes (birthweight, birth length, and head circumference). Funding Sources This research was supported by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (Menristekdikti) with project name The Research of Master Program Leading to Doctoral Degree for Excellent Students (PMDSU Batch-2) in the year of 2018 (Grant No: 050/SP2HL/LT/DRPM/2018) and Indonesian Danone Institute Foundation (Grant No: 007/ROG-D/IDIF/X2016). The views expressed herein are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily reflect those of Indonesia's Danone Institute Foundation (IDIF).

scholarly journals Association of Prepregnancy Nutritional Status and Physical Activity Levels with Birth Size Outcomes among West Sumatran Pregnant Women: Results from the Vitamin D Pregnant Mothers Cohort Study in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 880-886
Author(s):  
Arif Sabta Aji ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Safarina G. Malik ◽  
Chahya Kusuma ◽  
Nurindrawaty Lipoeto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background: Maternal and neonatal morbidity is still high in developing countries like in Indonesia. There are several factors may affect maternal health during pregnancy such as physical activity level (PAL) and pre-pregnancy nutritional status. Aim: To analyze the association between maternal physical activity status (PAL) and pre-pregnancy body mass index (PP BMI) with birth size outcomes. Methods: A prospective birth cohort study, Vitamin D Pregnant Mothers (VDPM) Study, to 183 healthy singleton pregnant women. Pre-pregnancy body mass index was classified according to WHO guidelines for Asian Population. Women PAL was measured at the first trimester (T1) and third trimester (T3) during pregnancy using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Birth size outcomes were measured immediately after birth such as birth weight, birth length, and head circumference. Results: Pregnant women at T3 had two times lower physical activity than T1 of pregnancy (OR, 2.18; CI, 1.044-4.57; p = 0.045). Maternal PAL at T1 and T3 were mostly in sedentary level (74.3% and 77.1%, respectively). There was no association between PP BMI, PAL, and birth size outcomes (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). However, the physical activity at T1 had a significant association with birth weight outcomes [MD (95%CI): 155.3 (13.8 – 296.8), p = 0.032]. There was a significant interaction between maternal PAL and PP BMI on birth weight (p interaction = 0.011) and head circumference (p interaction = 0.034). Conclusions: Our study reveals that pre-maternal nutritional status and physical activity behavior during the pregnancy associated with the head circumference and birth weight outcomes. Further large studies are needed to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals The association of women’s birth size with risk of molecular breast cancer subtypes: a cohort study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie S. Sandvei ◽  
Signe Opdahl ◽  
Marit Valla ◽  
Pagona Lagiou ◽  
Ellen Veronika Vesterfjell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Luminal B

Abstract Background Because birth size appears to be positively associated with breast cancer risk, we have studied whether this risk may differ according to molecular breast cancer subtypes. Methods A cohort of 22,931 women born 1920–1966 were followed up for breast cancer occurrence from 1961 to 2012, and 870 were diagnosed during follow-up. Archival diagnostic material from 537 patients was available to determine molecular breast cancer subtype, specified as Luminal A, Luminal B (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-), Luminal B (HER2+), HER2 type, and Triple negative (TN) breast cancer. Information on the women’s birth weight, birth length and head circumference at birth was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each molecular subtype, applying Cox regression, and stratified by maternal height. Results Birth length (per 2 cm increments) was positively associated with Luminal A (HR = 1.2, 95% CI, 1.0–1.3), Luminal B (HER2+) (HR = 1.3, 95% CI, 1.0–1.7), and TN breast cancer (HR = 1.4, 95% CI, 1.0–1.9). No clear association was found for birth weight and head circumference. The positive associations of birth length were restricted to women whose mothers were relatively tall (above population median). Conclusion We found a positive association of birth length with risk of Luminal A, Luminal B (HER2+) and TN breast cancer that appears to be restricted to women whose mothers were relatively tall. This may support the hypothesis that breast cancer risk is influenced by determinants of longitudinal growth and that this finding deserves further scrutiny.

scholarly journals Effect of early determinants on adolescent fat-free mass

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Raina Jansen Cutrim Propp Lima ◽  
Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista ◽  
Cecília Claudia Costa Ribeiro ◽  
Vanda Maria Ferreira Simões
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Adolescent Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Effect

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of early determinants on adolescent fat-free mass. METHODS: A c ohort s tudy w ith 5 79 a dolescents e valuated a t b irth a nd a dolescence i n a birth cohort in São Luís, Maranhão. In the proposed model, estimated by structural equation modeling, socioeconomic status (SES) at birth, maternal age, pregestational body mass index (BMI), gestational smoking, gestational weight gain, type of delivery, gestational age, sex of the newborn, length and weight at birth, adolescent socioeconomic status, “neither study/nor work” generation, adolescent physical activity level and alcohol consumption were tested as early determinants of adolescent fat-free mass (FFM). RESULTS: A higher pregestational BMI resulted in higher FFM in adolescence (Standardized Coefficient, SC = 0.152; p < 0.001). Being female implied a lower FFM in adolescence (SC = -0.633; p < 0.001). The negative effect of gender on FFM was direct (SC = -0.523; p < 0.001), but there was an indirect negative effect via physical activity level (SC = -0.085; p < 0.001). Women were less active (p < 0.001). An increase of 0.5 kg (1 Standard Deviation, SD) in birth weight led to a gain of 0.25 kg/m2 (0.106 SD) in adolescent FFM index (p = 0.034). Not studying or working had a negative effect on the adolescent’s FFM (SC = -0.106; p = 0.015). Elevation of 1 SD in the adolescent’s physical activity level represented an increase of 0.5 kg/m2 (0.207 SD) in FFM index (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The early determinants with the greatest effects on adolescent FFM are gender, adolescent physical activity level, pregestational BMI, birth weight and belonging to the “neither-nor” generation.

scholarly journals Maternal seafood consumption and infant birth weight, length and head circumference in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lise Brantsæter ◽  
Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir ◽  
Helle Margrete Meltzer ◽  
Helen Engelstad Kvalem ◽  
Jan Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Seafood Consumption ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Lean Fish ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Infant Birth

Results from previous studies on associations between maternal fish and seafood intakes and fetal growth are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate how maternal intakes of seafood, subtypes of seafood and supplementary n-3 fatty acids were associated with infant birth weight, length and head circumference in a prospective study in Norway. The study population included 62 099 participants in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. The mothers answered an FFQ in mid pregnancy. The FFQ comprised detailed questions about intake of various seafood items and n-3 supplements. Data on infant birth weight, length and head circumference were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry. We used multivariable regression to examine how total seafood, various seafood subtypes and supplementary n-3 intakes were associated with birth size measures. Total seafood intake was positively associated with birth weight and head circumference. Lean fish was positively associated with all birth size measures; shellfish was positively associated with birth weight, while fatty fish was not associated with any birth size measures. Intake of supplementary n-3 was negatively associated with head circumference. The relative risk of giving birth to a small baby ( < 2500 g) in full-term pregnancies was significantly lower in women who consumed >60 g/d of seafood than in women who consumed ≤ 5 g/d (OR = 0·56 (95 % CI 0·35, 0·88). In conclusion, maternal seafood consumption was positively associated with birth size, driven by lean fish intake, while supplementary n-3 intake was negatively associated with infant head circumference.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Placental Weight Change in the Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Thallium and Birth Weight: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zhou ◽  
Xiaoli Sun ◽  
Yiding Wang ◽  
Yufeng Ye ◽  
Hanwei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Mediating Role

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the embryotoxicity and fetotoxicity of thallium (Tl). However, the effects of prenatal exposure to Tl on birth weight and placental weight and the mediating role of placental weight in the association of Tl with birth weight remain unclear.Methods: We recruited 2,748 participants from the ongoing Prenatal Environment and Offspring Health Cohort (PEOH Cohort) study, which was initiated in 2016 in Guangzhou, China. The Tl concentrations in maternal urine samples collected during the first and third trimester were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Birth weight and placental weight were extracted from maternal medical records.Results: Pregnant women exposed to the highest tertile of Tl in the first trimester (β = −42.7 g, 95% CI: −82.3, −3.1 g) and third trimester (β = −50.6 g, 95% CI: −99.0, −2.3 g) had babies with lower birth weights than those exposed to the lowest tertile. We also found significant negative associations of exposure to Tl concentrations in the first and third trimester with placental weight. Mediation analyses showed that 50.3% (95% CI: 15.9, 79.2%) and 33.5% (95% CI: 1.3, 80.3%) of the effects of Tl exposure in the first and third trimester on birth weight were mediated by decreased placental weight.Conclusion: Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to Tl is negatively associated with birth weight and that this association may be mediated by decreased placental weight.

scholarly journals Estimated energy requirements increase across pregnancy in healthy women with dichorionic twins

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-783
Author(s):  
Manisha Gandhi ◽  
Rajshi Gandhi ◽  
Lauren M Mack ◽  
Roman Shypailo ◽  
Anne L Adolph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Abstract Background Estimated energy requirement (EER) has not been defined for twin pregnancy. This study was designed to determine the EER of healthy women with dichorionic-diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancies. Objectives We aimed to estimate energy deposition from changes in maternal body protein and fat; to measure resting energy expenditure (REE), physical activity level (PAL), and total energy expenditure (TEE) throughout pregnancy and postpartum; and to define the EER based on the sum of TEE and energy deposition for twin gestation. Design This is a prospective study of 20 women with DCDA twin gestations. Maternal EER, energy deposition, REE, TEE, and PAL were obtained during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy and immediately postpartum. A mixed-effects linear regression model for repeated measures with random intercept was used to test for the effects of BMI groups and time. Results Gains in total body protein (mean ± SD: 2.1 ± 0.7 kg) and fat mass (5.9 ± 2.8 kg) resulted in total energy deposition of 67,042 ± 25,586 kcal between 0 and 30–32 weeks of gestation. REE increased 26% from 1392 ± 162 to 1752 ± 172 kcal/d across the 3 trimesters, whereas TEE increased 17% from 2141 ± 283 to 2515 ± 337 kcal/d. Physical activity decreased steadily throughout pregnancy. Reductions in physical activity did not compensate for the rise in REE and energy deposition, thus requiring an increase in dietary energy intake as pregnancy progressed. EER increased 29% from 2257 ± 325 kcal/d in the first trimester to 2941 ± 407 kcal/d in the second trimester, and stayed consistent at 2906 ± 350 kcal/d in the third trimester. Conclusion Increased energy intake, on average ∼700 kcal/d in the second and third trimesters when compared with the first trimester, is required to support gestational weight gain and the rise in energy expenditure of DCDA twin pregnancies.

scholarly journals Association of pre-pregnancy physical activity level and physical activity in the first trimester

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Todorovic ◽  
M Gojnic-Dugalic ◽  
Z Terzic-Supic ◽  
S Dugalic ◽  
V Bjegovic-Mikanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Activity Level

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism in the Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis at Birth

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 3708-3714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. P. Geary ◽  
P. Jane Pringle ◽  
Charles H. Rodeck ◽  
John C. P. Kingdom ◽  
Peter C. Hindmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Maternal Height ◽  
Cord Plasma ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Plasma Gh ◽  
Igfbp 3

In rodents and humans there is a sexually dimorphic pattern of GH secretion that influences the serum concentration of IGF-I. Pattern differences can be identified in children, but it is not known how early this difference is established. We studied the plasma concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-binding protein-3 (BP-3), and GH in cord blood taken from the offspring of 1650 singleton Caucasian pregnancies born at term and related these values to birth weight, length, and head circumference. Pregnancies complicated by preterm delivery, antepartum hemorrhage, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, or gestational diabetes and where cigarette smoking continued were excluded, resulting in a cohort of 987. Cord plasma concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 were influenced by factors influencing birth size: gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery, maternal height, and parity of the mother. Plasma GH concentrations were inversely related to the plasma concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3; 10.2% of the variability in cord plasma IGF-I concentration and 2.7% for IGFBP-3 was explained by sex of the offspring and parity. None of the factors, apart from maternal height, influenced cord serum IGF-II concentrations (adjusted r2 = 1%). Sex of the baby, mode of delivery, and parity influenced cord serum GH concentrations (adjusted r2 = 2.6%). Birth weight, length, and head circumference measurements were greater in males than females (P &lt; 0.001). Mean cord plasma concentrations of IGF-I (males, 66.4 ± 1.2 μg/liter; females, 74.5 ± 1.3 μg/liter; P &lt; 0.001) and IGFBP-3 (males, 910 ± 13 μg/liter; females 978 ± 13 μg/liter; P &lt; 0.001) were significantly lower in males than females. Cord plasma GH concentrations were higher in males than females (males, 30.0 ± 1.2 mU/liter; females, 26.9 ± 1.1 mU/liter; P = 0.05), but no difference was noted between the sexes for IGF-II (males, 508 ± 6 μg/liter; females, 519 ± 6 μg/liter; P = NS). After adjustment for gestational age, parity, and maternal height, cord plasma concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 along with sex explained 38.0% of the variability in birth weight, 25.0% in birth length, and 22.7% in head circumference. These data demonstrate that in a group of singleton Caucasian babies born at term, cord plasma IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and GH concentrations relate to birth size, with evidence for sexual dimorphism in the GH-IGF axis.

scholarly journals Early registration for antenatal care was associated with improved birth outcomes in a low-income community in Harare

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonderayi Mathew Matsungo ◽  
Shingai Mudzuri ◽  
Prosper Chopera
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Early Registration

Abstract Background : The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends early registration, regular and consistent attendance of antenatal care (ANC) sessions for all pregnant women. Specifically, if ANC services promote evidence-based practices this improves pregnancy outcomes and reduce maternal mortality. Yet there are worrying gaps in knowledge of antenatal care services in Zimbabwe. Objectives: To determine the relationship between early registration and frequency of ANC visits on birth weight, birth length, head circumference, Apgar score, birth complications, delivery mode, preterm birth and duration of labour among women aged 15-49 from Hatcliffe Polyclinic, Harare. Methods: This was a health facility based analytical cross-sectional study. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics, and associations between dependent and independent variables were determined using Pearson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Ethical approval was granted from the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe (MRCZ/B/1438). Results: A total of 75 mother child pairs were interviewed. Most (77.3%) had more than four ANC visits. Only 36% registered early (during first trimester). Most of the children had normal birth weight ≥2500g (80.3%), birth length ≥47cm, (76%), head circumference ≥33cm (80%), and Apgar score ≥7 (96%). A positive association was observed between number of ANC visits and birth weight [Odds ratio (OR) 7.6; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.6, 36.4 (p=0.013)], birth length [OR 6.1; 95%CI 1.8, 20.1 (p=0.010)], and head circumference [OR 4.3; 95% CI 1.3, 14.8 (p=0.013)]. Positive associations were also observed between timing of registration and birth weight [OR 1.2; 95% 1.05, 1.36 (p=0.045)], birth length [OR 0.16; 95% CI 0.03, 0.76 (p=0.012)]. Conclusions: In this study increased frequency and early registration for ANC visits had a positive relationship with birth weight, birth length and head circumference. These findings show the need for improving the uptake of ANC services, early registration for ANC in the first trimester and adoption of community wide strategies to ensure that pregnant women attend all recommended visits for improved birth outcomes in this and related settings.

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