scholarly journals Vitamin K Tissue Distribution Is Modified by Large-Dose Warfarin and Menaquinone-4 Content of the Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1800-1800
Author(s):  
Guylaine Ferland ◽  
Pierre Allaire ◽  
Bouchra Ouliass
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Dose Warfarin ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Objectives Investigate the influence of large-dose warfarin (W) on tissue K1 and MK-4 distribution in rats fed a standard K1 diet, or enriched with MK4. Methods Male Wistar rats were fed a regular K1 (750 mcg K1/kg/diet; WK1) or enriched MK-4 (100 mg MK-4/kg/diet; WK1 + MK4) diet for 1 week after which they were administered 14 mg W/kg/day (in drinking water) and subcutaneous K1 (94 mg/kg, 3X/week; to maintain coagulation), for 12 weeks; diets were maintained throughout the experimental period. Respective diet controls (C and C + MK4) received subcutaneous saline and regular water. K1 and M-4 quinone and their epoxide forms (K1O and MK-4O) were assessed in serum, liver, heart, kidney, pancreas, adipose tissue and brain, by HPLC. Group differences were tested by one-way ANOVA, and by t-test for each K vitamer. Results In C group, K1 was the predominant K vitamer in serum, liver and heart, whereas MK-4 was found in relative higher concentrations in kidney, pancreas, brain, and adipose tissue. In MK-4 containing organs, W treatment was associated with significantly lower MK-4 concentration in pancreas, brain, and heart (P < 0.05) despite the local presence of K1, which suggests that W may block the production of MK-4 by UBIAD1. Compared to C group, K1 concentrations were significantly higher in all organs and serum in WK1 and WK1 + MK4 groups as a result of the subcutaneous administration. Interestingly, in WK1 animals who had received a MK-4 enriched diet (WK1 + MK4), K1 concentrations in naturally K1 rich tissues (i.e., liver, heart and serum) were significantly increased when compared to those from the WK1 group (P < 0.05), suggesting that dietary MK-4 may play a role in modulating the uptake of K1 in these tissues. Except in liver, W administration (WK1 and WK1 + MK4) was associated with higher tissue concentrations of K1 and MK-4 epoxide when compared to C group (P < 0.05). Noteworthy, in WK1 animals who had received a MK-4 enriched diet (WK1 + MK4), naturally rich MK-4 containing organs (i.e., kidney, pancreas, adipose tissue and brain) presented significantly higher concentration of MK-4 epoxide (relative to K1 epoxide), suggesting a preferential use of MK4 by these organs when available from the diet. Conclusions In conclusion, results from this study point to modulatory roles of W and dietary MK-4 on tissue distribution of K1 and MK-4 in what appears to be a tissue specific manner. Funding Sources CIHR.

Adipose Tissue Remodeling by Prolonged Administration of High Dose of Vitamin D3 in Rats Treated to Prevent Sarcopenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 2139-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Constantin Pinzariu ◽  
Sorin Aurelian Pasca ◽  
Allia Sindilar ◽  
Cristian Drochioi ◽  
Mihail Balan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissue Remodeling ◽  
Visceral Adipose

To examine the effect of high dose vitamin D3 treatment on visceral adipose tissue, we used vitamin D deficient male Wistar rats (18 months old) as a model of sarcopenia. The aging process is not only responsive for the losing muscle mass but also for redistribution of lipid resulting in altered fatty acid storage and dysdifferentiation of mesenchymal precursors. The effect of aging and vitamin D treatment (weekly oral gavage with 0.125 mg vitamin D3 (5000 IU)/100g body weight) on the omental adipose tissue were histological examinated. At the end of the experiment (9 monhs), adaptive changes to the reduction of adipogenesis and increased apoptosis in response to long-term treatment with vitamin D consisted of smaller size of adipocyte and moderate macrophage infiltrate.

scholarly journals Xylo-Oligosaccharides in Prevention of Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Associating Taxonomic and Metabolomic Patterns in Fecal Microbiomes with Biclustering

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4049
Author(s):  
Jukka Hintikka ◽  
Sanna Lensu ◽  
Elina Mäkinen ◽  
Sira Karvinen ◽  
Marjaana Honkanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Branched Chain

We have shown that prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) increased beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and prevented high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not clear. We studied whether XOS affects adipose tissue inflammation and insulin signaling, and whether the GM and fecal metabolome explain associated patterns. XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in male Wistar rats (n = 10/group). Previously analyzed GM and fecal metabolites were biclustered to reduce data dimensionality and identify interpretable groups of co-occurring genera and metabolites. Based on our findings, biclustering provides a useful algorithmic method for capturing such joint signatures. On the HFD, XOS-supplemented rats showed lower number of adipose tissue crown-like structures, increased phosphorylation of AKT in liver and adipose tissue as well as lower expression of hepatic miRNAs. XOS-supplemented rats had more fecal glycine and less hypoxanthine, isovalerate, branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids. Several bacterial genera were associated with the metabolic signatures. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of XOS on hepatic steatosis involved decreased adipose tissue inflammation and likely improved insulin signaling, which were further associated with fecal metabolites and GM.

scholarly journals Is HBA1C reliable in diagnosing diabetes in the acute phase of acute coronary syndromes?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stratinaki ◽  
K Milaki ◽  
S Stavrakis ◽  
M Pitarokoilis ◽  
E Charitakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Gensini Score ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Hospitalization due to acute coronary syndromes (ACS) usually is the occasion that leads to diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Current literature suggests that the severity of the ACS could be associated with the presence and the severity of DM. Purpose To study the reliability of HbA1c in the diagnosis of T2DM in the acute phase of ACS, as well as the presence of possible correlation between the HbA1c and the severity of ACS. Methods We evaluated 160 consecutive patients admitted due to ACS. HbA1c was measured on day 1 and day 90. HbA1c >6.5% was used to diagnose T2DM and HbA1c 5.7-6.4% was used to diagnose pre-diabetes. The severity of ACS was assessed via Gensini score. Results are interpreted as mean ± SD. Comparisons were made by one way ANOVA(p < 0.05 was regarded statistically significant).Spearman’s rank correlation was used to study the correlation between Gensini score and the other parameters. Results Mean age was 59.73 ± 12.21 years. 103/160(64.37%) were male and 57/160(35.63%) were female. 19/160(11.87%) were diagnosed as STEMI and 141/160(88.13%) as NSTEMI. Mean BMI was 29.55 ± 8.41 kg/m2 and mean Hb 12.62 ± 2.08 g/dl. On day 1, 43/160 (26.87%) had HbA1c > 6.5% and 41/160(25.62%) HbA1c 5.7-6.4%. On day 90, 28/160 (17.5%) had HbA1c > 6.5% and 52/160(32.5%) HbA1c 5.7-6.4%. Gensini score varied between 0-144 with mean value 40.26 ±35.9. A strong correlation was found between Gensini score and HbA1c on admission as well as on day 90 (rho-0.36, p < 0.05 and rho = 0.32, p < 0.05 respectively). Conclusion HbA1c seems to be reliable in the identification of pre-diabetes but not T2DM in the acute phase of ACS. The correlation of the severity between ACS and HbA1c seems to relate with the worst prognosis of T2DM patients.

Tissue Deposition of Zinc from a Zinc Chelate and from Inorganic Zinc in Rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 171-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Power ◽  
Kevin Cashman ◽  
Albert Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Differential Tissue

Some reports have suggested differential tissue deposition of dietary trace minerals such as Zinc (Zn) when supplied to farm animals either chelated to amino acids or as inorganic salts. To test this hypothesis, an experiment was conducted to determine the ultimate tissue distribution of Zinc in rats fed either a radioactively-labeled 65Zn-chelate or 65ZnSO4. The 65Zn-chelate was prepared by heating a solution of 65ZnSO4 and an equimolar mixture of glycine and methionine for 5 minutes at 90°C. The resulting chelate was then separated from unincorporated 65ZnSO4 by gel filtration chromatography. Ten 25-d old male wistar rats (mean weight 34.5 g) were randomized by weight into two groups (n = 5/group), fasted for 18 hours and given 0.4 ml (8 μg Zn, 1 μCi65Zn) of one or other labelled solution by gavage. Four hours later, animals were returned to their normal diet for the duration of the experiment. The 65Zn activity of the animals was determined two hours after administration and daily thereafter for 7 days.

scholarly journals The Influence of Maturation on the Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rogowski ◽  
Justin P. Guilkey ◽  
Brooke R. Stephens ◽  
Andrew S. Cole ◽  
Anthony D. Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Graded Exercise ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
One Way Anova

This study examined the influence of maturation on the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) in healthy male subjects. Seventy-six healthy male subjects (8–27 yr) were divided into groups based on maturation status: prepubertal (PP), midpubertal (MP), late-pubertal (LP), and young-adult (YA) males. Puberty status was determined by physical examination. Subjects performed a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer to determine OUES. Group differences were assessed using a one-way ANOVA. OUES values (VO2L·min1/log10VEL·min−1) were lower in PP and MP compared with LP and YA (p < .05). When OUES was expressed relative to body mass (VO2mL·kg−1·min−1/log10VEmL·kg−1·min−1) differences between groups reversed whereby PP and MP had higher mass relative OUES values compared with LP and YA (p < .05). Adjusting OUES by measures of body mass failed to eliminate differences across maturational groups. This suggests that qualitative factors, perhaps related to oxidative metabolism, account for the responses observed in this study.

scholarly journals Responses of Lipolysis and Salivary Cortisol to Food Intake and Physical Activity in Lean and Obese Children

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 4701-4707 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Hershberger ◽  
M. R. McCammon ◽  
J. P. Garry ◽  
M. T. Mahar ◽  
R. C. Hickner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Glycerol Release ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prior Exercise

This investigation was conducted to determine whether there were differences in lipolytic responses to feeding and physical activity between lean (LN) and obese (OB) children, and if these responses were related to cortisol. Fourteen LN and 11 OB children participated in this study of abdominal lipolysis and salivary cortisol response to breakfast and lunch with an intervening exercise session. Calculated fasting glycerol release was lower in OB than LN (0.645 ± 0.06 vs. 0.942 ± 0.11 μmol/ml; P &lt; 0.05). Fasting adipose tissue nutritive flow was lower in OB than in LN subjects, but responses to feeding and exercise were not different. Breakfast elicited a decrease in interstitial glycerol concentration in LN (−33%; P &lt; 0.05), but not in OB (−5%), children, although decreases in glycerol concentration in response to lunch were similar (LN, −41%; OB, −36%). An interaction was evident in the salivary cortisol response to breakfast (LN, no change; OB, increase) and exercise (LN, no change; OB, decrease), but there were no group differences in response to lunch. Alterations in salivary cortisol and lipolysis were not related. These data suggest that salivary cortisol and lipolytic responses are not necessarily linked, but are altered in obesity. Furthermore, prior exercise may improve the antilipolytic response to a meal in OB children.

Abstract 461: Role of Physical Training Intensity in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in a Fructose Overload Model

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline F Machi ◽  
Nathalia Bernardes ◽  
Danielle S Dias ◽  
Cristiano Mostarda ◽  
Edson Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

This study evaluated the chronic effects of the run and walk in the metabolic and cardiovascular parameters of a metabolic syndrome experimental model. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups(n=8): Control (C),Sedentary Fructose (SF), Fructose Run (FR) and Fructose Walk (FW, n= 8). Metabolic syndrome (MS) induction was performed with D-fructose in drinking water for 18 weeks. The exercise training was initiated after the nineth week of treatment with fructose and was held for 8 weeks (60 minutes/day, 5 times / week). The FW and FR were performed on a treadmill (1 h/day; 5 days/wk for 8 wk), with ∼20% and 60% intensities respectively of the maximum speed in a maximal exercise test. Plasma glucose, triglycerides, insulin resistance, adipose tissue, blood pressure, heart rate, baroreceptor sensitivity and sympathetic and parasympathetic tone, were evaluated at the end of protocol. The results showed that run and walking decreased the adipose tissue (FR: 2.97±0.2; FW: 4.26±0.9; SF: 6.49±0.6; C: 3.23±0.2 g). The glycemia values remained within the normal range,(FR: 86.7±2.3; WF: 91.0±1.4; SF: 70.2±1.9; C: 84±2.3 mg/dl), however only the FR group decreased the triglycerides levels (FR: 133±8.8; FW: 159±10.2; SF: 220±6.3; C: 96± 4.2 mg/dl), and the insulin resistance (FR: 4.37±0.1; FW: 3.55±0.2; SF: 2.79±0.3; C: 4.86±0.3 %/min). The FR group showed a reduction in mean arterial pressure (FR: 111±4.5, FW: 125±4.1; SF: 137±2.6, C: 113±1.5 mmHg) and increased of bradycardic (FR 1.76±0.08; FW 1.31±0.10; SF 1.37±0.10; C 1.72±0.14 bpm/mmHg) and tachycardic response to BP changes (FR 4.02±0.32; FW 2.56±0.16; SF 1.97±0.15; C (and C 3.25±0.37 bpm/mmHg). Finally we observed that only the FR group showed an increase of the vagal tone (FR: 72.3±8.1, FW: 47.3±6.7; FS: 40.3±4.6, C: 60.7±6.5 bpm). In conclusion, our results suggest that training walk (FW), a practice widely recommended, is especially effective for the treatment of metabolic disorders, whereas controlled exercise (FR) seems to encompass hemodynamic and metabolic aspects. This application is easy and within reach of the majority of the population, indicating that this practice should be encouraged and may be effective in managing cardiovascular risk in MS as start therapeutic. Sources of Funding:FAPESP.

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