Prevalence of Hyperglycemia, High Blood Pressure, Overweight and Obesity Among Diabetic Adults (19 - 64 Years) in Owerri Municipality, Imo State, Nigeria (P10-067-19)

Abstract Objectives Diabetes is a chronic health problem, of public health concerned with preventable consequences, affecting people of all ages, race and ethnicity not only in Nigeria, but all over the world. Prevalence of hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, overweight and obesity among diabetic adults (19 - 64 years) in Owerri municipality, Imo state, Nigeria. Methods A cross sectional study design was employed. Three hundred (300) diabetic adults whom have been screened previously and diagnosed as diabetic were randomly selected from three hospitals in Owerri municipal council, Imo state, Nigeria and whose consent were obtained to participate in the study. Biochemical test such as fasting and random blood glucose screening, blood pressure measurement and anthropometric measurement were taken and a structured and validated questionnaire was administered to the subjects to obtain data. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using statistical product for service solution (SPSS) version 22. Results Result: Results show that more than half (60.7%) of the diabetic adults aged 36 to 55 years, 54.5% were male, 45.7% were females. Majority (91.7%) of the diabetic adults had hyperglycemia, 92.0% had high blood pressure, 41.5% had overweight and 27.1% were obese. Prevalence of hyperglycemia increased exponentially with increase in age of diabetic adults (X2 = 12.603; P = 0.050) and significantly (X2 = 45.975; P < 0.001) increased among overweight and obese diabetic adults. There were significant association between increased in age of adult diabetic with high prevalence of overweight and obesity (X2 = 20.564; P = 0.015) and increased in high blood pressure (X2 = 26.747; P = 0.002). Conclusions In conclusion this study shows high prevalence of hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, overweight/obesity among diabetic adults. There were significant association between increased in age (middle to older adults), overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia and high blood pressure of diabetic adults in the study area. Funding Sources Self funded by the author.

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Effects of Blood Pressure on Cognitive Performance in Aging: A Systematic Review

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10120919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 919

Author(s):

Giuseppe Forte ◽

Maria Casagrande

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Pressure Measurement ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Cognitive functions play a crucial role in daily functioning. Unfortunately, some cognitive abilities decline in the process of healthy aging. An increasing body of evidence has highlighted the role of lifestyle habits and cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, in increasing the risk of cognitive decline. Surprisingly, although hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for cerebrovascular damage, the role of hypertension on cognitive impairment development is not still clear. Several key questions remain unresolved, and there are many inconsistent results in studies considering this topic. This review is aimed to systematically analyze the results found by the studies that investigated whether high blood pressure, in both hypertensive and healthy people, is related to cognitive performance. Furthermore, it points to evaluate the role of age in this relationship. Method: The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. Restrictions were made, selecting the studies in English and published in peer-review journals, including at least one cognitive measure and blood pressure measurement. Studies that included participants with medical conditions, dementia, psychiatric disorders, strokes, and brain injury were excluded. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were analyzed separately. Finally, blood pressure measured at young life (18–39 years), midlife (age 40–64 years), elderly (65–74 years), and old age (≥75 years) were considered. Results: The review allows 68 studies to be selected, which include 154,935 participants. The results provided evidence of an adverse effect of exposure to high blood pressure on cognitive performance. High blood pressure in midlife was linked with poorer cognitive functioning; this evidence was found in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. However, this association declines with increasing age and tends to become inconsistent. In older people, the relationship between blood pressure and cognitive performance is non-linear, highlighting a beneficial effect of high blood pressure on cognition. Conclusions: Despite some limitations, this review showed that cardiovascular and neuro-cognitive systems do not operate in isolation, but they are related. Blood pressure can be considered an early biomarker of cognitive impairment, and the necessity of early blood pressure measurement and control was underlined.

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA STATUS GIZI DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN DOKTER ANGKATAN 2013 FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.2.1.2014.3696 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yulyius .

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Waist Hip Ratio ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Spearman’S Rho

Abstract: Blood pressure is the pressure generated by the blood against the blood vessel. Increase in blood pressure or hypertension is also called a silent killer because it is onlysome of the symptoms. The increase number of patients with hypertension associated with factors are unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and overweight. The incidence of hypertension in obesity will continue to increase with increasing body mass index and waist hip ratio. This study aimed to determine a relationship between the nutritional status with blood pressure in students of medical education batch 2013 the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi. The design of this study is using the analytic cross sectional. The study sample is part of the population who meets inclusion and exclusion criteria with total 100 people. Data collected through anthropometric measurementand blood pressure measurement, and data was analyzed using Spearman's rho test. Normal nutritional status ( BMI / U ) results was79%, overweight and obesity was 16% and only 5 % of respondents who have malnutrition, waist hip ratio that not risk is equal to 85%, and risk is 15%, whereas 36% of normotension and prehipetension is 64%.Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that there is a significant relationship between nutritional status ( BMI / U ) on blood pressure with a p-value is 0.000 (p < α = 0.05), and there is no relationship between nutritional status ( WHR ) on blood pressure systolic with a p-value is 0.0,509 ( p > α = 0.05). Key words: Thenutritional status, blood pressure Abstrak: Tekanan darah merupakan tekanan yang dihasilkan oleh darah terhadap pembuluh darah.Peningkatan tekanan atau hipertensi merupakan pembunuh diam-diam karena hanya menimbulkan beberapa gejala.Meningkatnya jumlahpenderita hipertensiberhubungan denganperilaku diet yang tidak sehat, kurangnya aktivitas fisik, dan kelebihan berat badan. Angka kejadian hipertensi pada obesitasakan terus meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan indeks massa tubuh dan waist hip ratio. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan tekanan darah padamahasiswa program studi pendidikan dokter angkatan 2013 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Rancangan penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari populasi yang memenuhi kriteria eksklusi dan inklusi berjumlah 100 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran antropometri dan pengukuran tekanan darah, kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Spearman’s rho. Status gizi (IMT/U) yang normal sebesar 79%, gizi lebih dan obesitas sebesar 15% dan hanya 5% responden gizi kurang, Waist hip ratio yang tidak berisiko yaitu sebesar 85%, dan yang berisiko sebesar 15%, sedangkan normotensi sebesar 36% dan prehipertensi sebesar 64%. Kesimpulan:Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi (IMT/U) terhadap tekanan darah dengan nilai p yaitu 0,000 (p<α=0,05), dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara status gizi (WHR) terhadap tekanan darah sistolik dengan nilai p yaitu 0,0,509 (p>α=0,05). Kata Kunci: Status Gizi, Tekanan Darah

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Abstract 3554: Metabolic Syndrome in Non-Obese Population: A Growing Concern

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.ii_804-b ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽

Author(s):

Susana Martins ◽

Nuno Cortez-Dias ◽

Manuela Fiuza

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

National Registry ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Obese Population

Context: There is general consensus that prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) increases with body mass index (BMI), but less is known in normal weight individuals. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and likelihood of MS and its components in normal weight (NW: 18.5–24.9 kg/m 2 ), overweight (OW: 25–29.9 kg/m 2 ) and obese individuals (OB: ≥30 kg/m 2 ). NW parameters were further divided in the following: 18.5–20.9; 21–22.9; 23–24.9 kg/m 2 . Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study representative of all regions of Portugal. Individuals ≥18 years visiting their general practicioner, irrespective of their reason for consulting, were asked to participate after informed consent in the national registry of MS prevalence (VALSIM). MS was defined by NCEP-ATP III criteria. Overall MS, each of its components, as well as gender and age-specific prevalences were estimated. Multivariate regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of MS by age, gender and BMI. Results: A total of 16333 adults was analysed (mean age: 59±14 years; 61% women). The overall prevalence of MS was 29.4%. Risk of MS was higher in women and rose with age. The OR for MS in OW and OB was three and nine times, respectively. However, even non-obese population had an unexpected high prevalence of MS, particularlly in upper NW and OW Individuals. The analysis of each MS-component according to BMI showed that high blood pressure is highly prevalent in these Individuals, with relevance for those in lower NW. The occurence of fasting hyperglicemia (>110mg/dL) in NW and OW Individuals was 13.6% and 25.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Individuals in the upper normal-weight and overweight BMI range have a high prevalence of high blood pressure, fasting hyperglicemia and MS. Therefore, screening individuals with normal or slightly elevated BMI is important in the prevention of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Prevalence of MS and individual components according to BMI

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High Blood Pressure and Self-Reported Systemic Hypertension in Elderly Enrolled in the Family Health Strategy Program

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/0898264316645545 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 708-728

Author(s):

E. C. T. Oliveira ◽

T. N. de Menezes ◽

R. A. de Olinda

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Family Health ◽

Systemic Hypertension ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Socioeconomic Variables ◽

Health Strategy ◽

The Family ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Family Health Strategy

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP), self-reported hypertension, and associated factors among in elderly enrolled in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) Program. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with in elderly enrolled in the FHS Program of Campina Grande/Paraíba/Brazil. This study determined the prevalence of HBP and self-reported hypertension and their associations with demographic, socioeconomic variables, lifestyle, and number of self-reported morbidities. Three blood pressure measurements were performed, and the average value was used for analysis. To control possible confounding factors, data were modeled by the method of linear models generalized with Poisson log modeling to determine prevalence ratios and confidence intervals. The SPSS 22.0 statistical application was used, and 5% significance level was adopted. Results: High prevalence of HBP (80.9%) was observed, which was associated with the number of self-reported morbidities, both in the univariate and multivariate analyses. High prevalence of self-reported hypertension (66.4%) was also observed. In the final model, positive association between hypertension and demographic and socioeconomic variables and lifestyle was verified. Discussion: Monitor hypertension should be a priority action given its association with genetic, social and behavioral conditions presented by individuals.

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High Blood Pressure Prevalence and Significant Correlates: A Quantitative Analysis from Coastal Karnataka, India

ISRN Preventive Medicine ◽

10.5402/2013/574973 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chythra R. Rao ◽

Veena G. Kamath ◽

Avinash Shetty ◽

Asha Kamath

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Joint National Committee ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

National Committee ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Prevalence ◽

The Social ◽

Sociodemographic Correlates ◽

History Of

Hypertension is a premier risk factor for cardiovascular disease which can be recognized if sought and treated effectively. Effective management of high blood pressure is possible when the magnitude of the problem is identified. So, a cross-sectional community based survey among 1,239 respondents aged ≥30 years was designed to estimate the prevalence and the sociodemographic correlates of hypertension among adults aged ≥30 years. Data was collected by personal interviews, followed by anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.5. The prevalence of hypertension was 43.3%, with the prevalence being more among males (51.6%) as compared to females (38.9%). Of the total prevalence 23.1% (287) were known cases, and 20.2% (250) were newly detected cases. Based on the seventh report of the Joint National Committee (JNC VII) on high blood pressure, prehypertension was noted among 38.7%. Advancing age, male gender, current diabetic status, central obesity, overweight and obesity as defined by body mass index, and family history of hypertension were identified as significant correlates for hypertension by multivariate logistic regression.

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Prevalence of high blood pressure in Brazilian adolescents and quality of the employed methodological procedures: systematic review

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/s1415-790x2013000400005 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 849-859 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Marina Gabriella Pereira de Andrada Magalhães ◽

Luciano Machado Ferreira Tenório de Oliveira ◽

Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro ◽

Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Systemic Arterial Hypertension ◽

School Based ◽

Methodological Procedures

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on studies that estimated the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) or systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in Brazilian adolescents, considering the employed methodological procedures. METHODS: Bibliographical research of prevalence studies of HBP/SAH in adolescents from 1995 to 2010. The search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and Isi Adolec. The descriptors "hypertension", "BP", "teen", "students", "cross-sectional", "prevalence" and "Brazil" were used in Portuguese and English. Furthermore, a score ranging from 0 to 18 based on Recommendations for Blood Pressure Measurement in Humans and Experimental Animals and the VI Brazilian Guidelines of Hypertension was elaborated, in order to analyze the procedures used to measure BP in studies. RESULTS: Twenty-one articles were identified, mostly published in the last 10 years, and 90.5% were performed in school-based and regions of the Southeast, Northeast and South. The prevalence of HBP/SAH ranged from 2.5 to 30.9%. The score of the studies ranged from 0 to 16. A significant negative correlation (rho = -0.504; p = 0.020) was observed between the prevalence of HBP/SAH and the score of BP measurement quality. CONCLUSION: The great variability of PAE/SAH estimates appears to be influenced by methodological procedures used in the studies.

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May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Angola

European Heart Journal Supplements ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/suaa015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_H) ◽

pp. H8-H10

Author(s):

Savarino Victória Pereira ◽

Marisa Neto ◽

Ana Feijão ◽

Pombalino Oliveira ◽

Maria Brandão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Raising Awareness ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Huge Impact ◽

Temporary Solution ◽

Global Initiative ◽

Definition Of

Abstract Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide with high prevalence in the world and with a huge impact on public health. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high BP and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in May 2018. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. In Angola 14 433 individuals (mean age 38.6 years; 53.7% female; 99.9% black) in 6 of 18 provinces were screened. In total, 99.0% of screenees provided three BP readings with an average BP from 2nd and 3rd reading of 126/80 mmHg. After imputation, 4844 (33.6%) had hypertension of whom 54.2% were aware of their diagnosis and 46.3% were on antihypertensive medication. Of those medicated, 42.6% were controlled and of all hypertensive individuals, 19.7% were controlled. We screened 2603 individuals with untreated hypertension and 1285 with inadequately treated hypertension. Angolan MMM18 emerges as a continuation of the Angolan MMM17 study, the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Angola, enabling us to compare the 2 years. This year’s results also showed a high percentage of hypertensive individuals and almost 3900 adults with untreated or inadequately treated hypertension, demonstrating that there is still a long way to go but also that the Angolan MMM is being effective at raising awareness at least among these individuals.

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Obesity as a risk factor linked to high blood pressure in ecuadorian labor population

Espirales revista multidisciplinaria de investigación ◽

10.31876/er.v3i27.565 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (27) ◽

pp. 171

Author(s):

Ciro Gabriel Espinel Robles ◽

Marlene Sánchez Mata ◽

Junes Lady Robles-Amaya

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Public Institution ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Research Participants ◽

Important Relationship

Introduction Studies have shown that obesity and high blood pressure are related and constitute a public health problem due to the burden on health worldwide and Ecuador is no exception. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine obesity as a risk factor linked to high blood pressure in employees of a public institution in Ecuador. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, with a population of 18 to 72 years of age, carried out from December 2016 to March 2017, in a local government of Guayas province. The variables studied were sociodemographic, anthropometric to determine the body mass index, measurement of blood pressure. After the informed consent, a control-card was applied. Results: Obesity contributes as a risk factor for high blood pressure with 42.7%, with a predominance in the group of 28 to 37 years of age of the population studied; and obesity grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3, represents 37.3%. People with high blood pressure corresponded to 36.4%, with dominance in the population from 18 to 57 years of age and similarly distributed in these age groups. Discussion overweight and obesity are health problems that are increasing and may present complications related to other diseases such as hypertension. Conclusions: The study concludes that there is an important relationship between obesity and high blood pressure in the research participants. Conclusions: The study concludes that there is an important percentage relationship between obesity and high blood pressure in research participants.

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An Epidemiological Study for Assessment of Selected Lifestyle Disorders among University Students at Central Gujarat, India

Healthline ◽

10.51957/healthline_211_2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Geetika Madan Patel ◽

Dhara I Zalavadiya ◽

Ankita Parmar

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

University Students ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Case Record ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has risen dramatically from just 4% in 1975 to over 18% in 2016. The risk for the non-communicable diseases increases, with increase in BMI. Objectives: To provide epidemiological insights into proportion of malnutrition in form of underweight/ overweight, hypertension and high blood sugar and to analyse the relation between anthropometric measures with Blood Pressure and Blood Sugar level among University students. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among newly admitted college students of the university during 2018. Total 3311 students’ data were collected using case-record form. Data collection included information on socio-demographic profile from students, anthropometric measurements, Blood pressure measurement and Random blood sugar (RBS) check-up. Results:The mean age was 18.7±1.2 and 19.17±1.6 years among male and female students, respectively. Out of 3311 students, 30.90% were in underweight category and 18.76% were in overweight or obesity category according to BMI. According to waist-Hip ratio (WHR), 20.6% males and 18.9% females had substantially increased risk for metabolic complications. Around 139 (5.99%) males and 16 (1.61%) females were found to have high systolic blood pressure while 365 (15.7%) males and 44 (4.4%) females were in high diastolic blood pressure category. Around 1.06% had RBS > 140 mg/dl. There was positive correlation and statistically significant association between BMI and WHR with high blood pressure. Conclusions: High prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity, high WHR, high blood pressure among youth population demands early screening and intervention to prevent morbidity and mortality in later life.

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The relationship between BMI and blood pressure in children aged 7–12 years in Ankara, Turkey

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980014000846 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 2419-2424 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mustafa Polat ◽

Hülya Yıkılkan ◽

Cenk Aypak ◽

Süleyman Görpelioğlu

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Capital City ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Diastolic Hypertension ◽

Childhood Hypertension ◽

The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveRecent studies have reported an increasing prevalence of childhood hypertension. Obesity is probably the most important risk factor. The relationship between hypertension and BMI in children has not been studied in Ankara, which is the second largest city in Turkey.DesignCross-sectional study analysing direct data on height, weight and blood pressure of students.SettingPopulation-based study in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey.SubjectsIn three schools, 2826 students aged 7–12 years.ResultsThe overall prevalence of hypertension was 7·9 %. Among the 222 hypertensive children, 124 (56 %) were boys and ninety-eight (44 %) were girls (P=0·40). In the whole group, 3·6 % had only systolic hypertension, 0·7 % had only diastolic hypertension and 3·5 % had both systolic and diastolic hypertension. The prevalences of overweight and obesity were both 13·9 %. BMI was significantly correlated with blood pressure (P<0·001). Overweight and obesity were more common in boys (P<0·001).ConclusionsHypertension was more common than has been reported in other studies. Blood pressure measurement should be routine and frequent in children, especially obese children.

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