scholarly journals Optimization of Spray Drying Condition of Asparagus Powder Using Response Surface Methodology (P17-003-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiseon Park ◽  
Soon Bae Kwon ◽  
Hye Jeong Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Spray Dried

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate optimization of spray drying conditions for water-soluble powder using response surface methodology that is a statistical procedure used for optimization studies. Methods First, conditions of the extract used for spray drying were set. We compared heat water extraction (60–100 °C) with ethanol extraction (10–50%). After final selection of the method of extract used for spray drying, spray drying conditions were set. Independent variables included the additive contents of maltodextrin (X1), inlet temperature (X2), and air flow rate (X3). The dependent variables were yield, water absorption index (WAI) and total phenolic compounds. Results The yield was highest in 100 °C heat water extraction. The content of rutin was 29.77 mg/100 g in 90 °C heat water extraction, 28.07 mg/100 g in 100 °C heat water extraction and 24.24 mg/100 g in 10% ethanol extraction. The heat water extraction method at 100 °C was selected as an extract of the spray dryer. Statistical analysis revealed that independent variables significantly affected all the responses. A maximum yield was obtained at 15.55% of X1, 167.87 °C of X2 and 50.00 mL/min of X3. The water absorption index of asparagus increased with increasing MD ratio (X1), higher inlet temperature (X2) and higher air flow rate (X3). The total polyphenol contents of asparagus were higher when the MD addition ratio (X1) was 16.56%, the inlet temperature (X2) was higher and the air flow rate (X3) was higher. Conclusions In this study, extracts of asparagus using different extraction methods were compared for yield and spray-dried asparagus powders were investigated for their physicochemical characteristics. We were vary the range of the temperature, air flow rate, dextrin rate and set the best method for the functionality content of asparagus. Asparagus was spray - dried using 100 °C water extraction with high yield and high rutin content. The maximum spray drying yield was obtained at 15.55% of MD ratio, 167.87 °C of inlet temperature and 50.00 mL/min of air flow rate. There will be additional processed goods development made with what we have found. Funding Sources This study was supported by 2018 Regional Specialized Technology Development Project, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Effect of Process Parameters on Characteristics of Spray-Dried Hydroxyapatite Granules

2017 ◽  
Vol 728 ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weeranuch Sukaraseranee ◽  
Sukasem Watcharamaisakul ◽  
Boris Golman ◽  
Jintamai Suwanprateeb
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Spray Dried

The effects of drying air temperature and flow rate, spraying air flow rate and slurry feed rate were investigated on the morphology, size distribution, density and flowability of spray-dried hydroxyapatite granules. The granules were of good spherical shape and smooth surface, but low flowability. The granules of uniform size distribution were obtained at high spraying air flow rate and granules of small sizes were collected at high spraying and drying air flow rates, high slurry feed rate and low drying air temperature. Thus, by adjusting the spray drying conditions we can control the granule properties.

Effect of process conditions and carrier concentration for improving drying yield and other quality attributes of spray dried black mulberry (Morus nigra) juice

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboubeh Fazaeli ◽  
Zahra Emam-Djomeh ◽  
Ahmad Kalbasi-Ashtari ◽  
Mahmoud Omid
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Morus Nigra ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content

The objective of this work was to study the influence of spray drying conditions on the physicochemical properties of black mulberry (Morus nigra) powder. A lab-scale spray dryer was employed for the spray drying process and maltodextrin DE=9was used as carrier agent.Response surface methodology (RSM) was performed to examine the effects of independent variables on the drying yield, color change, and total anthocyanin content and to determine the optimum processing conditions. Independent variables were: inlet air temperature (110 ºC, 130 ºC, and 150 ºC), compressed air flow rate (400, 600, and 800 l/h), and maltodextrin concentration (8%, 12%, and 16%). For each response, second order polynomial models were developed using multiple linear regression analysis. Analysis of variance was performed to check the adequacy and accuracy of the fitted models. The optimal conditions for drying yield and total anthocyanin content correspond to: temperature= 130 ºC, maltodextrin concentration= 8%, and compressed air flow rate= 800 L/h; these parameters led to the total anthocyanin content, process yield and browning index values of 5.85 (mg/100mL), 75%, 58.57% respectively.

scholarly journals Automobile Radiator’s Engineering and Analysation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-558
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Cooling Fan

The shape of a radiator cover is crucial either in determining the pattern of air flow or in increasing the same through the radiator core thereby increasing the thermal efficiency, thus making it a necessity to understand it. Moreover the parts circumjacent to the core namely the upper tank, lower tank, cooling fan, fins, tubes, etc promote the air flow rate. Also it is to note that the air flow rate of discharge gases from radiator core is one of the prime factors in determining the automobile cooling system. Initially factors such as temperature, pressure, air flow rate that affect the performance are obtained in order to derive out the entities of operation. One of the observations that can be made through this paper is that as the volume of the coolant increases, the rate of heat dissipation increases, also parameters like inlet temperature and volume flow rate of coolant, air velocity, temperature drop and drop in pressure of coolant are factors that contribute in radiator performance evidently.

Raised Floor Hybrid Cooled Data Center: Effect on Rack Inlet Air Temperatures When In Row Cooling Units are Installed Between the Racks

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyi Gao ◽  
James Geer ◽  
Russell Tipton ◽  
Bruce Murray ◽  
Bahgat G. Sammakia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Cooling Unit

The heat dissipated by high performance IT equipment such as servers and switches in data centers is increasing rapidly, which makes the thermal management even more challenging. IT equipment is typically designed to operate at a rack inlet air temperature ranging between 10 °C and 35 °C. The newest published environmental standards for operating IT equipment proposed by ASHARE specify a long term recommended dry bulb IT air inlet temperature range as 18°C to 27°C. In terms of the short term specification, the largest allowable inlet temperature range to operate at is between 5°C and 45°C. Failure in maintaining these specifications will lead to significantly detrimental impacts to the performance and reliability of these electronic devices. Thus, understanding the cooling system is of paramount importance for the design and operation of data centers. In this paper, a hybrid cooling system is numerically modeled and investigated. The numerical modeling is conducted using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The hybrid cooling strategy is specified by mounting the in row cooling units between the server racks to assist the raised floor air cooling. The effect of several input variables, including rack heat load and heat density, rack air flow rate, in row cooling unit operating cooling fluid flow rate and temperature, in row coil effectiveness, centralized cooling unit supply air flow rate, non-uniformity in rack heat load, and raised floor height are studied parametrically. Their detailed effects on the rack inlet air temperatures and the in row cooler performance are presented. The modeling results and corresponding analyses are used to develop general installation and operation guidance for the in row cooler strategy of a data center.

scholarly journals Thermal Evaluation of a Double-Pass Unglazed Solar Air Heater with Perforated Plate and Wire Mesh Layers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3619
Author(s):  
Afaq Jasim Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Solar Air Heater ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Double Pass ◽  
Air Heater

In this study, an experimental outdoor investigation of the thermal efficiency and outlet air temperature was conducted on an unglazed, double-pass, solar air heater with a perforated absorber plate and packing wire mesh layers as a supplemental absorbent area. This was done to observe their effects on the thermal performance of the solar air heater. The double-pass collector was constructed with a bed height of 0.05 m, and a collection area of 1.5 m2. The height of the upper channel was fixed at 0.015 m to improve the thermal efficiency, and the outlet temperature at air flow rates between 0.003 and 0.018 kg/s. The collector was mounted with a slope of 42° facing south, to maximize the intensity of solar irradiance during winter. The effects of the air flow rate, ambient temperature, inlet temperature, outlet temperature, and solar intensity were experimentally investigated. The results showed that thermal efficiency could be improved by increasing the air flow rate, where the highest thermal efficiency achieved was 86% at 0.018 kg/s. However, the temperature difference was increased to a maximum value of 38.6 °C, when the air flow rate was decreased to 0.003 kg/s. Furthermore, the results demonstrated a significant improvement in the thermal efficiency and outlet temperature; and when compared with previous research, the experimental results and the predictions for the outlet temperature using the theoretical model agreed.

scholarly journals Spray drying of the mixtures of mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wrzosek ◽  
Juraj Moravčík ◽  
Monika Antošová ◽  
Viera Illeová ◽  
Milan Polakovič
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Enzymatic Conversion ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
High Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Rich Mixture ◽  
Solids Concentration

Abstract Optimal conditions of spray drying of a fructooligosaccharide-rich mixture prepared by enzymatic conversion of sucrose were investigated. It was found that efficient drying of the mixture containing about 40 % of monosaccharides and sucrose required addition of a compound with a high glass transition temperature. The addition of maltodextrin helped to achieve satisfactory solids yield and moisture. Optimized process parameters were the feed flow rate and solids concentration, drying air flow rate and inlet temperature.

Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 by spray drying using maltodextrin, whey protein concentrate and trehalose

2021 ◽  
pp. 108201322110206
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Agudelo-Chaparro ◽  
Héctor J Ciro-Velásquez ◽  
José U Sepúlveda-Valencia ◽  
Ezequiel José Pérez-Monterroza
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Feed Pump ◽  
Drying Conditions

This study aimed to microencapsulate Lactobacillus rhamnosus ( L. rhamnosus) ATCC 7469 with whey protein concentrate (WPC), maltodextrin and trehalose by spray drying and to assess the impact of microencapsulation on cell viability and the properties of the dried powders. Spray-drying conditions, including inlet air temperature, air flow rate and feed pump, were fixed as independent variables, while probiotic survival, moisture content, water activity and effective yield were established as dependent variables. The survival of encapsulated L. rhamnosus by spray drying was optimized with response surface methodology, and the stability of the powder was assessed. The optimum spray-drying conditions were an inlet air temperature, air flow rate and feed pump rate of 169 °C, 33 m3·h−1 and 16 mL·min−1, respectively, survival of 70%, air aspiration of 84% and outlet air temperature of 52 °C, achieving an overall desirability of 0.96. The physicochemical and structural characteristics of the produced powder were acceptable for application with regard to residual water content, hygroscopicity, water activity, and particle size. The results indicated that a protein-trehalose-maltodextrin mixture is a good wall material to encapsulate L. rhamnosus, showing important thermal protection during the drying process and increasing survival. However, a decrease in this capacity is observed at an air outlet temperature of approximately 101 °C. The possible effects of the wall materials and the drying conditions on survival are also discussed.

scholarly journals Spray drying of lipid nanosystems (SLN and NLC) loaded with Syzygium aromaticum essential oil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora Morais Rosa ◽  
Wanderley Pereira Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Quality By Design ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Quality By Design Approach ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Spray Dried

A quality by design approach was used to investigate the influence of formulation composition and spray drying conditions on physicochemical properties of redispersable lipid based nanosystems loaded with Syzygium aromaticum essential oil. Four critical independent variables were studied: presence or absence of the liquid lipid oleic acid (0% - 1%), of the cationic surfactant CTAB (0% and 1%), inlet drying temperature (60 ºC -80 ºC), and ratio of the drying aids (ADJ) regarded to total formulation constituents weight (1:1 and 2:1). Resuls showed the production of spray dried redispersable  lipid systems loaded with essential is feasible under very restrict conditions. Keywords: Encapsulation; lipid systems; essential oil; spray drying; redispersable.

scholarly journals A Design of Experiment Approach to Optimize Spray-Dried Powders Containing Pseudomonas aeruginosaPodoviridae and Myoviridae Bacteriophages

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1926
Author(s):  
Emilie Tabare ◽  
Tea Glonti ◽  
Christel Cochez ◽  
Cyrille Ngassam ◽  
Jean-Paul Pirnay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Spray Dryer ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Residual Moisture ◽  
Spray Dried

In the present study, we evaluated the effect of spray-drying formulations and operating parameters of a laboratory-scale spray-dryer on the characteristics of spray-dried powders containing two Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophages exhibiting different morphotypes: a podovirus (LUZ19) and a myovirus (14-1). We optimized the production process for bacteriophage-loaded powders, with an emphasis on long-term storage under ICH (international conference on harmonization) conditions. D-trehalose-/L-isoleucine-containing bacteriophage mixtures were spray-dried from aqueous solutions using a Büchi Mini Spray-dryer B-290 (Flawil, Switzerland). A response surface methodology was used for the optimization of the spray-drying process, with the following as-evaluated parameters: Inlet temperature, spray gas flow rate, and the D-trehalose/L-isoleucine ratio. The dried powders were characterized in terms of yield, residual moisture content, and bacteriophage lytic activity. L-isoleucine has demonstrated a positive impact on the activity of LUZ19, but a negative impact on 14-1. We observed a negligible impact of the inlet temperature and a positive correlation of the spray gas flow rate with bacteriophage activity. After optimization, we were able to obtain dry powder preparations of both bacteriophages, which were stable for a minimum of one year under different ICH storage conditions (up to and including 40 °C and 75% relative humidity).

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