scholarly journals Effects of Physical Activity on the Performance of 24-h Urinary Sucrose and Fructose as a Biomarker of Total Sugars Intake (P18-128-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitra Mohan ◽  
Barbara Ainsworth ◽  
Susana Pama Duran ◽  
Virag Sagi-Kiss ◽  
Carol Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
P Value ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Dietary Sugars

Abstract Objectives Urinary sucrose and fructose has been suggested as a predictive biomarker of total sugars intake based on research involving UK adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between sugars consumption and 24-hour urinary sucrose and fructose (24uSF) in US adult population and to investigate the effect of physical activity on this association. Methods Fifty seven free-living healthy subjects 20 to 68 years old, participated in a 15-day highly controlled feeding study, consuming their habitual diet, provided by the research metabolic kitchen. Dietary sugars were estimated using Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR). Subjects collected eight 24-hour urine samples measured for urinary sucrose and fructose. Physical activity was assessed daily using a validated 15-day log that inquired about 38 physical activities across six domains; home activities, transportation, occupation, conditioning, sports and leisure. Results The 15-d mean total sugars and added sugars intake (SD) of the study population was 112.2 (33.1) g/day and 65.8 (29.0) g/day (9.7%EI), respectively. Significant moderate positive correlation was found between 15-d mean total sugars intake and 8-day mean 24uSF (r = 0.56, P < 0.001). Similarly, added sugars were moderately correlated with 24uSF (r = 0.56, P < 0.001), while no correlation was found between naturally-occurring sugars and 24uSF (r = 0.070, P < 0.001). In a linear multiple regression, total and added sugars each explained 30% of variability in 24uSF (Adjusted R2, p value; total sugars: 0.297, 0.001; added sugars: 0.301, P < 0.001). We found no effect of physical activity on the association between dietary and urinary sugars in neither the correlation nor the linear regression analysis. Conclusions 24uSF showed moderate association with both total and added sugars consumption in US adults. No evidence was found showing that physical activity levels affect the association between 24uSF and sugars intake in US adults. Funding Sources National Cancer Institute.

Association Between Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity and Gross Motor Coordination in Preschool Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Silva-Santos ◽  
Amanda Santos ◽  
Michael Duncan ◽  
Susana Vale ◽  
Jorge Mota
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Movement Assessment

Introduction: Adequate gross motor coordination is essential for children participating in age-related physical activities and has an important role in maintaining sufficient physical activity levels during the life course. Aim: To examine the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and gross motor coordination during sedentary behavior in early childhood (ages 3–6 y). Methods: The sample comprised 209 children aged 3–6 y. Gross motor coordination was assessed according to the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2). The battery to assess gross motor coordination comprised the aiming and catching, and balance components. MVPA was measured by accelerometry worn for 7 consecutive days (Monday to Sunday). Results: Our data indicated that 31.5% of the sample had low, 32.5% medium, and 36.0% high gross motor coordination. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that MVPA was positively associated with gross motor coordination, adjusted for gender and sedentary behavior. Conclusions: Preschoolers with high gross motor coordination spend more time in MVPA. Gross motor coordination development should therefore be a key strategy in childhood interventions aiming to promote physical activity.

scholarly journals Association of Irisin Plasma Levels with Anthropometric Parameters in Children with Underweight, Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor ◽  
Christian Silva-Platas ◽  
Alejandro Torres-Quintanilla ◽  
Carlos Rodríguez-López ◽  
Guillermo U. Ruiz-Esparza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Considerable Controversy

The correlations between irisin levels, physical activity, and anthropometric measurements have been extensively described in adults with considerable controversy, but little evidence about these relationships has been found in children. The objective of this study is to correlate the plasma levels of irisin in underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese children with anthropometric parameters and physical activity levels. A cross-sample of 40 children was divided into the following groups on the basis of body mass index (BMI) percentile. The correlations of plasma irisin levels with physical activity, anthropometric, and metabolic measurements were determined. Plasma irisin levels (ng/mL) were lower for the underweight group (164.2 ± 5.95) than for the normal weight and obese groups (182.8 ± 5.58;p<0.05). Irisin levels correlated positively with BMI percentile (0.387), waist circumference (0.373), and fat-free mass (0.353;p<0.05), but not with body muscle mass (−0.027). After a multiple linear regression analysis, only BMI percentile (0.564;p<0.008) showed a positive correlation with irisin. Our results indicated no association with metabolic parameters. A negative correlation with physical activity was observed. Interrelationships among body components might influence irisin levels in children.

scholarly journals Physical activity levels among the general US adult population and in adults with and without arthritis

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Hootman ◽  
Caroline A. Macera ◽  
Sandra A. Ham ◽  
Charles G. Helmick ◽  
Joseph. E Sniezek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

scholarly journals Dietary sugars intake and micronutrient adequacy: a systematic review of the evidence

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid A. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Significance ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Dietary Sugars ◽  
The Relationship

Guidelines for sugars intake range from a population mean of less than 10 % energy from free sugars, to a maximum for individuals of 25 % energy from added sugars. The aim of the present review was to examine the evidence for micronutrient dilution by sugars and evaluate its nutritional significance. From a web-based search of MEDLINE and hand search of linked papers, forty-eight relevant publications were identified on sugars (total sugars, non-milk extrinsic sugars, or added sugars) or sugar-containing drinks. These included five reports from expert committees, six reviews, thirty-three observational studies and four small-scale interventions. There was inconsistency between studies as to the relationship between sugars intake (however expressed) and micronutrients. The statistical patterns varied between nutrients and population groups. Curvilinear associations were found in some analyses, with lower nutrient intakes at both extremes of sugar intake; however, factors such as dieting and under-reporting may confound the associations observed. Some studies found statistically significant inverse associations but these were weak, with sugars explaining less than 5 % of the variance. Mean intakes of most micronutrients were above the RDA or reference nutrient intake except among very high consumers of sugars. The available evidence does not allow for firm conclusions on an optimal level of added sugars intake for micronutrient adequacy and the trends that exist may have little biological significance except for a few nutrients (for example, Fe). It is established that energy intake is the prime predictor of micronutrient adequacy. A better understanding of valid approaches to energy adjustment, misreporting and the assessment of micronutrient adequacy is crucial to further progress in this area.

scholarly journals HFrEF patient activity levels during COVID-19 lockdown: A comparison between physical activity questionnaires and implantable devices data

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tsarouchas ◽  
C Bakogiannis ◽  
D Mouselimis ◽  
C Lazaridis ◽  
I Kelemanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is a major public health crisis of great risk to patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. Heart failure (HF) is a deadly chronic disease, a leading cause of hospitalizations worldwide and a great detriment to patients’ quality of life. HF therapy guidelines suggest prescribing physical activity to improve long-term outcomes. Self- or government- imposed behavioral modifications in response to COVID-19 ranging from avoiding social interactions to outright restrictions of movement (lockdowns) could compromise regular PA in HF patients, who constitute an extremely high-risk group. Purpose Investigate the effect of the national lockdown in Greece 23rd March – 4th May 2020) on the PA levels of patients suffering from HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Methods HFrEF patients with CIEDs were included in the study. Participants answered the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ) regarding the period before, during and after the 42-day national lockdown. CIED-derived daily activity levels for the corresponding periods were recorded through CIED telemetry. The differences in PAQ- and CIED-derived PA levels and sedentary time before, during and after the lockdown period were investigated. Results 67 HFrEF patients participated in the study (mean age 69 ± 10.2y, 85% male). Activity levels fell in 55 (82%) of patients. The median PAQ-derived PA level decreased by 28% during lockdown, from 840.5 (944) METmin/week to 602 (1054) METmin/week during the lockdown (p = 0.01). A 53% increase was observed after the lockdown, to 924 (1214) METmin/week (p = 0.004). The CIED-derived activity level was 2.38 (1.3) hours/day pre-lockdown, 1.78 (1.1) hours/day during the lockdown (25% decrease, p &lt; 0.001) and 2.69 (1.5) hours/day post-lockdown (51% increase, p &lt; 0.001). Time spent on sedentary activities also increased to 9 (3) hours per day during the lockdown, up from 6.5 (4) hours before lockdown (p = 0.001). Conclusions All measures examined in this study indicate that the COVID-19 lockdown period was associated with a significant decrease in HFrEF patients’ PA. All efforts must be made on the part of clinicians and public health organizations to promote safe exercise in this subgroup of the population that is particularly vulnerable to the effects of a sedentary lifestyle. Abstract Figure. Patient activity around COVID lockdown

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF INTERACTIVE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY EDUCATION PROGRAM (IPAEP): A PRELIMINARY STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (32) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Ahmad Faezi Ab. Rashid ◽  
Nor Dalila Marican ◽  
Abdullah Mohamed Yusoff ◽  
Nurul Hafizah Mohd Yasin ◽  
Mohd Hafzal Abdul Halim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interactive Lectures ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in physical activity knowledge among university students after exposure to Interactive Physical Activity Education Program (IPAEP). In current globalization, physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyle becomes a major underlying cause of chronic diseases worldwide. There is a growing concern of inadequate physical activity levels among young adult especially university students. The acquisition and dissemination of physical activity recommendations through physical activity program are essential in the delivery of an adequate level of physical activity knowledge among university students Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study design was conducted, and data were collected using a questionnaire among students (n=116) of Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, to evaluate the changes of physical activity knowledge after exposure to IPAEP intervention. All of them participated in 10 weeks of IPAEP intervention. In the IPAEP intervention, students were exposed to interactive lectures and various online activities related to types, risks, benefits, and key recommendations of physical activity. Pre- and post-intervention surveys were taking place before and after the program to evaluate the same measure, which is the physical activity knowledge. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Paired-sample t-tests were used to evaluate the differences between pre- and post-intervention of the physical activity knowledge scores. Result: The present study showed a significant increment in physical activity knowledge score (P-value <0.001) among university students after participating in IPAEP intervention. Conclusion: Since the present study emphasized physical activity education for university students, the IPAEP could contribute to better physical activity knowledge which eventually beneficial for their active lifestyle in the future.

scholarly journals The relationship between body mass index and lifestyle in a Brazilian adult population: a cross-sectional survey

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2694-2740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Rosário Gondim Peixoto ◽  
Maria Helena D'Aquino Benício ◽  
Paulo César Brandão Veiga Jardim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional

This study focused on adult obesity prevalence in Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil, and the association between socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, physical activity, eating habits, and food consumption frequency and body mass index (BMI). A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2001 with a sample of 1,252 individuals from 20 to 64 years of age. The association between socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, food consumption, and physical activity and BMI was evaluated by hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis. Obesity prevalence was 10.7% in men and 13.9% in women. In males, age, income, and meat consumption showed a positive association with BMI, while physical activity during leisure time and commuting and the habit of eating > 4 meals per day were inversely associated with BMI. In women, positively associated factors were age, no smoking, and no meat consumption; in contrast, consumption of grains was inversely associated with BMI. High obesity prevalence was observed; active lifestyle coupled with ingestion of more grains and less meat appeared to protect against increased BMI.

scholarly journals Changes in leisure-time physical activity levels and perceived barriers among Estonian adults over a two-year period

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Peeter Lusmägi ◽  
Kerli Mooses ◽  
Eve-Liis Roosmaa ◽  
Merike Kull
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Survey

The aim of this study is to describe the changes in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) levels among the Estonian adult population in the years 2013–2015 in order to examine the relationships between LTPA level and socioeconomic status (SES) and health indicators, and also to explore perceived barriers to LTPA. Data from the National Physical Activity Survey were used. The sample consisted of 1009 participants aged 15–69 in 2013 and 1004 respondents in 2015. The proportion of Estonian adults exercising regularly at least four times per week increased from 39% in 2013 to 45% in 2015. Being in the older age groups increased the odds for physical inactivity 2.07–4.74 times compared to the youngest age group (15–24) (p<0.01). Having primary, basic, or secondary education increased the odds of being inactive 2.33–3.14 times compared to respondents with higher education (p < 0.01). The most prevalent barriers to physical activity reported by inactive adults were: 1) the absence of interest or unwillingness to make an effort, 2) tiredness at work, and 3) lack of time. In conclusion, despite a slight positive trend, LTPA levels are low. As the perceived barriers depend on age, public health strategies should involve age-specific solutions, especially for older adults.

scholarly journals Children with congenital heart disease exhibit seasonal variation in physical activity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241187
Author(s):  
Mimi T. Y. Kuan ◽  
Christine Voss ◽  
Jimmy Lopez ◽  
Nicole M. Hemphill ◽  
Kevin C. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
P Value ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Objective We sought to identify seasonal variation in physical activity that different physical activity measurement tools can capture in children with congenital heart disease. Methods Data were collected as part of a prospective cohort study at BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada. Daily step counts of children aged 9–16 years with moderate-to-severe CHD were assessed continuously for 1-year via a commercial activity tracker (Fitbit Charge 2™). Physical activity levels were also assessed conventionally at one time-point via accelerometers (ActiGraph) and physical activity questionnaires. Results 156 children (mean age 12.7±2.4 years; 42% female) participated in the study. Fitbit data (n = 96) over a 1-year period clearly illustrated seasonal peaks (late spring and autumn) and dips (winter and summer school holidays) in physical activity levels, with group mean values being below 12,000 steps per day throughout the year. According to conventional accelerometry data (n = 142), 26% met guidelines, which tended to differ according to season of measurement (spring: 39%, summer: 11%, fall: 20%, winter: 39%; p-value = 0.053). Questionnaire data (n = 134) identified that the most widely reported activities were walking (81%) and running (78%) with walking being the highest in summer and fall and running in winter and spring. Furthermore, regardless of overall activity levels the children exhibit similar seasonal variation. Conclusions We demonstrated that physical activity level changes across seasons in children with CHD. It is important to be aware of these fluctuations when assessing and interpreting physical activity levels. Season specific counselling for physical activity may be beneficial in a clinical setting.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document