scholarly journals Remnant lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride reference ranges from the Framingham Heart Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1224-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith R McNamara ◽  
Paulesh K Shah ◽  
Katsuyuki Nakajima ◽  
L Adrienne Cupples ◽  
Peter W F Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Remnant Lipoprotein ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Remnants of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of both intestinal and liver origin are considered atherogenic, but they have been difficult to isolate and measure. An assay has been developed that allows the measurement of remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) and triglyceride (RLP-TG). RLP-C and RLP-TG concentrations were measured in >3000 fasting plasma samples obtained from participants in exam cycle 4 of the Framingham Offspring Study and stored at −80 °C. After exclusions, comparisons were made for 2821 samples (1385 women, 1436 men; mean age, 52 years). For women, the mean RLP-C and RLP-TG values were 0.176 ± 0.058 mmol/L (6.8 ± 2.3 mg/dL) and 0.204 ± 0.159 mmol/L (18.1 ± 14.1 mg/dL), respectively; for men, the mean values were 0.208 ± 0.096 mmol/L (8.0 ± 3.7 mg/dL) and 0.301 ± 0.261 mmol/L (26.7 ± 23.1 mg/dL), respectively. Women had significantly lower RLP-C and RLP-TG values (P <0.0001) than men; premenopausal women had significantly lower values than postmenopausal women (P <0.0001); and younger subjects (<50 years) had significantly lower values than older individuals (P <0.0001). The 75th percentile values for RLP-C and RLP-TG were 0.186 mmol/L (7.2 mg/dL) and 0.225 mmol/L (19.9 mg/dL), respectively, for women, and 0.225 mmol/L (8.7 mg/dL) and 0.346 mmol/L (30.6 mg/dL) for men. These data provide reference ranges for use in the evaluation of RLP-C and RLP-TG as potential indicators of risk for coronary heart disease.

Clinical characteristics and management of hyperlipoproteinemia in patients with chronic coronary heart disease in Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Studencan ◽  
Daniel Pella ◽  
Peter Bramlage ◽  
Eva Kaszasova
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chronic Coronary Heart Disease

IntroductionA reduction of LDL-cholesterol is beneficial for high-risk patients, including patients with previously documented coronary heart disease (CHD). Data on the overall composition, risk profile, and management of these patients is very limited in Slovakia.Material and methodsThis cross-sectional multicentre observational study was conducted by cardiologists and internists providing outpatient care at 35 sites across Slovakia between 11/2015 and 01/2016. All patients had documented CHD and fulfilled the very high CV risk criteria (ESC recommendations).ResultsA total of 349 patients were recruited, had a mean age of 67.8 years, 67.9% were male, 41% had diabetes and a mean BMI of 29.5 kg/m2. As many as 65.3% had prior myocardial infarction, 59.2% underwent PCI, and 24.1% CABG. At baseline 90.5% of patients reported taking a statin, 10.3% ezetimibe and 5.4% a fibrate. The mean LDL-C level was 2.69±1.02 mmol/L with only 18.6% meeting their treatment target of <1.8 mmol/L. Mean values for TC (4.44mmol/L), HDL-C (1.20 mmol/L, and triglycerides (1.68 mmol/L) were within normal limits. A higher age (aOR 3.40; 95%CI 1.77-6.53) and the use of more than 20 mg per day atorvastatin equivalent dose of a statin (aOR 2.20; 95%CI 1.13-4.28) were associated with treatment target achievement in a multivariable adjusted model while female gender conferring a reduced likelihood (aOR 0.48; 95%CI 0.24-0.99).ConclusionsPatients at high cardiovascular risk in Slovakia are far off the <1.8 mmol/L LDL-C level recommended for the protection from adverse events and achieve their treatment targets less often (18.6%) than in the mean of other countries globally (29.4%).

scholarly journals Lipoprotein(a)-Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease in the Framingham Heart Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1039-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo J Seman ◽  
Carl DeLuca ◽  
Jennifer L Jenner ◽  
L Adrienne Cupples ◽  
Judith R McNamara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background: Increased plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentrations have been reported to be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) in some prospective studies, but not in others. These inconsistencies may relate to a lack of standardization and the failure of some immunoassays to measure all apolipoprotein(a) isoforms equally. Methods: We measured plasma Lp(a)-cholesterol [Lp(a)-C] in a Caucasian population of offspring and spouses of the Framingham Heart Study participants, using a lectin-based assay (LipoproTM). We compared the prevalence of increased Lp(a)-C to the presence of sinking pre-β-lipoprotein (SPB). We also related Lp(a)-C concentrations to the prevalence of CHD risk in the entire population. Results: The mean (± SD) Lp(a)-C concentration in the Framingham population (n = 3121) was 0.186 ± 0.160 mmol/L, with no significant gender or age differences. The mean Lp(a)-C concentrations in the absence or presence of SPB were 0.158 ± 0.132 mmol/L and 0.453 ± 0.220 mmol/L, respectively (P &lt;0.0001). The mean Lp(a)-C concentration in men with CHD (n = 156) was 0.241 ± 0.204 mmol/L, which was significantly (P &lt;0.001) higher, by 34%, than in controls. The odds ratio for CHD risk in men with Lp(a)-C ≥0.259 mmol/L (≥10 mg/dL), after adjusting for age, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, blood pressure, and body mass index, was 2.293 (confidence interval, 1.55–3.94; P &lt;0.0005). Lp(a)-C values correlated highly with a Lp(a)-mass immunoassay [ApotekTM Lp(a); r = 0.832; P &lt;0.0001; n = 1000]. Conclusions: An increased Lp(a)-C value ≥0.259 mmol/L (≥10 mg/dL) is an independent CHD risk factor in men with a relative risk of more than 2, but was inconclusive in women. Lp(a)-C measurements offer an alternative to Lp(a)-mass immunoassays and can be performed on automated analyzers.

scholarly journals The Stromelysin-1 5A/6A Promoter Polymorphism Is a Disease Marker for the Extent of Coronary Heart Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelheid Schwarz ◽  
Werner Haberbosch ◽  
Harald Tillmanns ◽  
Andreas Gardemann
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Disease Marker ◽  
Triple Vessel Disease ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Glucose Plasma

Background.Matrix metalloproteinases, such as stromelysin-1, are implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute myocardial infarction (MI). A 5A/6A promoter polymorphism can regulate the transcription of the stromelysin-1 gene in an allele-specific manner. Evidence has been presented that the 6A allele is associated with the progression of coronary heart disease (CHD). In contrast, the 5A allele may be linked to the risk of MI.Results.To analyse the relation of the 5A/6A polymorphism with the risk and severity of CHD and the risk of MI, a case-control study of 515 healthy controls and 1848 participants who underwent coronary angiography for diagnostic purposes was conducted. In the total sample, the mean CHD scores—according to Gensini—were different between 5A/6A genotypes: 5A5A homozygotes had the lowest, 6A6A genotypes the highest and 5A6A heterozygotes intermediate scores. These differences were even more pronounced when the participants were restricted to individuals with a high coronary risk profile (high apoB levels, high Lp(a) levels, high glucose levels, combinations of either high apoB and Lp(a) levels or high apoB, Lp(a) and glucose plasma levels). Mean values were used as cut points for high-risk populations, respectively. In contrast, the 5A allele was not associated with the risk of CHD or MI. Even when angiographically controlled individuals without MI were compared with MI patients in subpopulations of participants with no, single, double and triple vessel disease, the frequencies of the 5A/6A and/or the 5A5A genotypes were not higher in each subgroup, respectively.Conclusions.The present results do not confirm an association of the 5A allele with the risk of MI, observed in another investigation, but strengthen the hypothesis of earlier studies that the 6A allele is a disease marker for progression of coronary heart disease. Further investigations should evaluate whether 6A allele carriers and especially 6A homozygotes might benefit from a more aggressive therapy against CHD progression.

scholarly journals Integrated genetic and epigenetic prediction of coronary heart disease in the Framingham Heart Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e0190549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meeshanthini V. Dogan ◽  
Isabella M. Grumbach ◽  
Jacob J. Michaelson ◽  
Robert A. Philibert
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study

scholarly journals Effect of ageing on plasma lipoprotein(a) levels

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harukuni Akita ◽  
Miyao Matsubara ◽  
Hitoshi Shibuya ◽  
Hirotoshi Fuda ◽  
Hitoshi Chiba
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Japanese Subjects

Background Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and increases with age. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ageing on Lp(a) for three different apo(a) phenotypes. Methods We measured plasma Lp(a) concentrations in 551 unrelated Japanese subjects (20-88 years of age). We performed statistical analyses separately for three apo(a) phenotypes: the low-molecular-weight (LMW) phenotype with the F, B or S1 isoform, the intermediate-molecular-weight (IMW) phenotype with the S2 isoform and the high-molecular-weight (HMW) phenotype with the S3 or S4 isoform. Results For each phenotype, the mean plasma Lp(a) concentration and the frequency of Lp(a) concentrations ≥ 250 mg/L increased with age. Further, a statistically significant difference was always found between the younger subjects (20-39 years of age) and the elderly (over 60 years). The frequency of coronary heart disease increased with age, particularly for the LMW and IMW phenotypes. Conclusions We conclude that ageing elevates plasma Lp(a) concentrations, which may have a role in the prevalence of coronary heart disease in the elderly, especially those with the LMW or IMW phenotypes.

scholarly journals Lipid profile in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Mithileshwer Raut ◽  
Prashant Regmi ◽  
Saroj Prasad Ojha ◽  
Bharat Jha
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) has become a global public health challenge because of its high prevalence and the concomitant increase in risk of liver disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Influence of alcohol use on lipid metabolism is well recognized. Investigations had been carried out in the earlier period on abnormal lipid profile as a risk factor for Coronary Heart disease (CHD). Patients of alcohol dependence usually have a consumption pattern of more heavy use. Therefore it is useful to study the lipid profile in patients of alcohol dependence, to understand the effects of increasing levels of consumption. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in TU Teaching Hospital. ADS patients were screened by the consultant psychiatrist using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. A total of 89 patients scored positive on the AUDIT as having alcohol-related problems and were included in the study. 89 ADS patients and 89 healthy controls both male and female were enrolled as participants. Blood Pressure and other anthropometric parameters were measured while fasting blood samples were analyzed for serum lipid profile. SPSS program was used to analyze data, t-test & Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to find correlation. RESULTS: Among the ADS cases 95% were current smokers. Mean age of cases and controls was 35.42±5.6 & 34.53±3.5 years respectively. The mean total cholesterol levels were found to be higher in cases (5.41±0.70) than controls (3.79±0.74) with a strong statistical significance (p<0.001). Also, Mean triglyceride (TG) levels (2.09±0.72), along with the mean HDL-cholesterol (1.66±0.40) and LDL-cholesterol levels (2.79±0.81) were also elevated in cases when compared to the control samples (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated definitive lipid profile changes in patients of alcohol dependence, with some correlation to the liver dysfunction. Alcohol causes alteration in various parameters of lipid metabolism including those which predispose to CHD. Low to moderate alcohol use over prolonged periods has been linked to have protective influence for development of coronary heart disease (CHD), through increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/acclm.v1i1.12312 Ann. Clin. Chem. & Lab. Med. 1(1) 2015: 29-32

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