scholarly journals Adolescent childbearing in a Brazilian border municipality: the new mother’s profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F K Nampo ◽  
C M Fernandes ◽  
S Souza
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Childbearing

Abstract Background Adolescent childbearing is considered a public health problem, due to the often associated social impacts. Understanding the phenomenon is necessary to support intervention proposals aimed at reducing its incidence. Methods In this cross-sectional study we investigated all adolescent mothers living in Foz do Iguassu that gave birth in the 2013-2017 period. Data from a governmental database were used and descriptive analysis was performed. Results Between 2013 and 2017, 3,207 adolescent mothers gave birth to a live child, of which 135 aged 10 to 14 years and 3,072 aged 15 to 19 years. 51.3% of the mothers were white, and 22.1% had previous pregnancy experience. 68.4% had a vaginal delivery, and 80.6% had full-term pregnancies. Among the women aged 10 to 14 years, 57.8% started prenatal care in the first trimester and 47.4% had 7 or more prenatal consultations. Among women aged between 15 and 19 years, 73.7% started prenatal care in the first trimester and 53.4% had 7 or more prenatal consultations. Additionally, at least 49% of the adolescents were delayed in school. Conclusions In Foz do Iguassu, adolescent mothers are predominantly white. At least half are delayed in school, and more than 1 in 5 already had previous pregnancy experience. Parturients between 15 and 19 years old start prenatal earlier and attend more prenatal consultations than parturients aged 10 to 14 years. Prematurity is more frequent among adolescents. Key messages Adolescents receive poor prenatal care, especially the younger ones. Adolescent pregnancy is not a synonym to unintended pregnancy, and its relationship should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Family structure and use of prenatal care

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1298-1304
Author(s):  
Elisabete Alves ◽  
Susana Silva ◽  
Simone Martins ◽  
Henrique Barros
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Single Mothers ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional

This cross-sectional study intended to assess the use of prenatal care according to the family structure in a population with free universal access to prenatal care. In 2005-2006, the Portuguese birth cohort was assembled by the recruitment of puerperae at public maternity wards in Porto, Portugal. In the current analysis, 7,211 were included. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, and prenatal care were self-reported. Single mothers were considered as those whose household composition did not include a partner at delivery. Approximately 6% of the puerperae were single mothers. These women were more likely to have an unplanned pregnancy (OR = 6.30; 95%CI: 4.94-8.04), an inadequate prenatal care (OR = 2.30; 95%CI: 1.32-4.02), and to miss the ultrasound and the intake of folic acid supplements during the first trimester of pregnancy (OR = 1.71; 95%CI: 1.30-2.27; and OR = 1.67; 95%CI: 1.32-2.13, respectively). The adequacy and use of prenatal care was less frequent in single mothers. Educational interventions should reinforce the use and early initiation of prenatal care.

scholarly journals Qualidade da assistência pré-natal no sistema único de saúde

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1365
Author(s):  
Diego Da Silva Dantas ◽  
Rosemar Barbosa Mendes ◽  
José Marcos De Jesus Santos ◽  
Thiago Dos Santos Valença ◽  
Claudiane Mahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Gestational Week

RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar a qualidade da assistência pré-natal a partir do Programa de Humanização no Pré-Natal e Nascimento. Método: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, com 260 puérperas que realizaram o acompanhamento pré-natal no Sistema Único de Saúde em Lagarto, Estado de Sergipe, Brasil. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas e visualização do cartão de pré-natal. A análise estatística foi realizada no software SPSS 20.0. Resultados: Pouco mais da metade das puérperas haviam iniciado seu acompanhamento pré-natal antes da 16ª semana gestacional e também realizaram seis ou mais consultas (66,9%; n = 174, cada variável). Somente 41,5% (n = 108) das participantes receberam informações sobre a maternidade de referência para o parto e 42,7% (n = 111) sobre as atividades para facilitar o parto. Quanto aos exames, foi identificada elevada cobertura no primeiro trimestre, com discreta redução no terceiro. Conclusão: A assistência pré-natal oferecida às usuárias do SUS de Lagarto se mostrou inadequada às recomendações do Programa de Humanização no Pré-Natal e Nascimento, pois foi evidenciado o início tardio, número insuficiente de consultas, poucas orientações e cobertura insatisfatória dos exames preconizados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Descritores: Saúde Materna; Gravidez; Gestantes; Cuidado Pré-Natal; Saúde Materno-Infantil; Humanização da Assistência.ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the quality of prenatal care based on the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program. Method: Quantitative and cross-sectional study conducted with 260 puerperal women who underwent prenatal care in the Unified Health System of Lagarto, State of Sergipe, Brazil. The data were obtained through interviews and prenatal records. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 20.0 software. Results: A little more than half of the puerperal women had initiated prenatal care before the 16th gestational week and had also attended six or more consultations (66.9%, n = 174, each variable). Only 41.5% (n = 108) of the participants received information about reference maternities for childbirth, and 42.7% (n = 111) about activities to facilitate childbirth. Regarding the exams, there was high coverage in the first trimester, with a slight reduction in the third. Conclusion: Prenatal care provided to users of the Unified Health System of Lagarto was inadequate with respect to the recommendations of the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program, since there was evidence of late initiation of prenatal care, insufficient number of consultations, few guidelines, and unsatisfactory performance of the exams recommended by the Ministry of Health. Descriptors: Maternal Health; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prenatal Care; Maternal and Child Health; Humanization of Assistance.RESUMENObjetivo: Evaluar la calidad de la asistencia prenatal a partir del Programa de Humanización en Prenatal y Nacimiento. Método: Estudio cuantitativo y transversal conducido con 260 puérperas que realizaron cuidado prenatal en el Sistema Único de Salud en Lagarto, Estado de Sergipe, Brasil. La información fue obtenida por medio de entrevistas y expedientes de prenatal. El análisis estadístico se realizó en el software SPSS 20.0. Resultados: Poco más de la mitad de las puérperas habían iniciado cuidado prenatal antes de la 16ª semana gestacional y también realizaron seis o más consultas (66,9%, n = 174, cada variable). Sólo el 41,5% (n = 108) de las participantes recibieron información sobre la maternidad de referencia para el parto y el 42,7% (n = 111) sobre las actividades para facilitar el parto. En cuanto a los exámenes, se observó una elevada cobertura en el primer trimestre, con discreta reducción en el tercero. Conclusión: La asistencia prenatal ofrecida a las usuarias del Sistema Único de Salud de Lagarto fue inadecuada con respecto a las recomendaciones del Programa de Humanización en Prenatal y Nacimiento, pues se evidenció inicio tardío, número insuficiente de consultas, pocas orientaciones y cobertura insatisfactoria de los exámenes preconizados por el Ministerio de Salud. Descriptores: Salud Materna; Embarazo; Mujeres Embarazadas; Cuidado Prenatal; Salud Materno-Infantil; Humanización de la Asistencia.

scholarly journals Descriptive Analysis of Typhoid Fever Surveillance Data in the Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia (2015–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Getaneh Atikilt Yemata ◽  
Chalachew Yenew ◽  
Melkalem Mamuye ◽  
Mulu Tiruneh ◽  
Tigabnesh Assfaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Health Management Information System ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jimma Zone

Introduction. Typhoid fever is a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe, and it is a serious illness in developing countries. Typhoid fever is prevalent in Ethiopia, and the burden differs with diverse demography, environment, and climate. The study aimed to determine the incidence of typhoid fever cases by person, place, and time. Method. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the five years (2015–2019) of surveillance data of typhoid fever in the Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The data were extracted from the zonal health management information system database from May to June 2020. SPSS version 21 was used to enter and analyze the data. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the distribution of typhoid fever incidence in time, place, and personal groups. Result. A total of 36,641 individuals suffered from typhoid fever during the five years. Among these, 18,972 (51.8%) were females and 17,669 (48.2%) were males. Incidence of typhoid fever was found as follows: 216, 198, 203, 264, and 299 cases per 100,000 persons were reported during 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Typhoid fever cases were increased by 1.4 from 2015–2019. A high incidence of cases was observed at the start of wet months. The majority of the investigated cases were identified in Kersa, 4,476 (12.2%), Gomma, 4,075 (11.1%), and Mana, 3,267 (8.9%), woredas. Of the total, 151 (0.4%) of the reported cases were admitted for inpatient care. During the five years of surveillance data, death was not reported from all woredas. Conclusion and Recommendation. Typhoid fever was a major public health problem in the Jimma Zone for the last 5 years, and it was increased through the years. Zonal health departments should strengthen the interventions focused on the woredas that had a high burden of typhoid fever at the start of the wet months.

scholarly journals Evaluation of drug prescriptions for pregnant women in the Legal Amazon Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-743
Author(s):  
Vanessa Dela Justina ◽  
Jéssica Silva Gonçalves ◽  
Flávia Lúcia David ◽  
Fernanda Regina Giachini ◽  
Victor Vitorino Lima
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Classification ◽  
Drug Prescriptions ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the drug prescriptions for pregnant women in the Legal Amazon during prenatal care. Methods: this is a pharmacoepidemiological, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. Medical records included sociodemographic variables, prenatal care, most frequent pharmacological classes prescribed, risk classification of drugs and possible drug-drug interactions among pregnant women. Results: a total of 159 records from pregnant women, enrolled in the Unified Health System were used. Most pregnant women began prenatal consultations in the first trimester of pregnancy (53.3%) whereas most of the drugs were prescribed in the second gestational trimester (55.5%). The most used pharmacological classes, classified according to the National List of Essential Drugs were: antianemic preparations (52.9%), vitamins (12.5%) and analgesic (10.6%). According to the risk classification, the highest prevalence of prescribed drugs belongs to category A (46.8%), followed by category C (28.9%), category B (20.0%) and category D (4.3%). Eight possible drug-drug interactions were found, being considered with mild severity, and six classified with moderate risk. Conclusions: the results demonstrate a lack of information regarding prescription drugs for pregnant women and this may endanger maternal and fetal health. It is essential that medical records be an effective therapeutic tool, which should be read, analyzed and reviewed in order to ensure effective and safe medical treatment.

Frequency of Neck and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentists

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Sidra Sarwar ◽  
Sara Khalid ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Hadeeqa Jabeen ◽  
Shahid Imran
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
And Performance

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are not only becoming prevalent among health care professionals in our country but are affecting their health and performance adversely. They are caused by poor ergonomics and awkward posture during work activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of neck and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentists of Lahore, Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during October 2017 to March 2018. The data was collected using convenient sampling technique from 162 Dentists including 52 males and 110 females of Children hospital Lahore, Punjab Dental hospital and Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Data was collected by using Mangalore Questionnaire for identification of musculoskeletal disorders. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Of 162 dentists, 115 (71%) suffered from musculoskeletal disorders. Shoulder was the most commonly affected region (30.9%) followed by neck (25.9%), arm (6.2%), wrist (4.3%), elbow (3.1%) and forearm (0.6%). Pain (45.7%) was found to be the most common complaint followed by muscle weakness (20.4%), paraesthesia (3.7%) and swelling (1.2%). Conclusions: It was concluded that majority of the dentists were suffering from musculoskeletal disorders with shoulder as the most affected region and pain as the most frequent complaint. Key words: Dentists, Musculoskeletal disorders, Neck pain, Upper extremity

Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke subtypes among adult patients admitted to stroke unit of JUMC

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekalu Getachew Gebreegziabher ◽  
Tesema Etefa Birhanu ◽  
Diriba Dereje Olana ◽  
Behailu Terefe Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Unit ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stroke Subtypes

Background: Stroke is a great public health problem in Ethiopia. According to reports, in-hospital stroke mortality was estimated to be 14.7% in Ethiopia. Despite this, in this country researches done on factors associated with stroke sub-types were inadequate. Objective: To assess the Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke sub-types among patients admitted to JUMC. Methods and materials: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to May 2018 in stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center. A total of 106 medical charts of patients diagnosed with stroke were reviewed. Checklist comprising of relevant variables was used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was employed for data entry and analysis. Chi-square test was used to point-out association and difference among stroke sub-types. The data was presented using text, tables and figures. Result: From a total of 106 patients, 67(63.2%) were men. The mean ± SD of age was 52.67±12.46 years, and no significant association was found. Of all the patients, 59(55.6%) had ischemic strokes and 47(44.4%) had hemorrhagic strokes. The most common risk factor in the patients was alcohol use with a prevalence of 69.9%. Of all the risk factors, only sex, cigarettes smoking and dyslipidemia were significantly associated to sub-types of stroke. Conclusion: Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype of stroke. Sex of patient, cigarette smoking and dyslipidemia are significantly associated with the two stroke subtypes.

scholarly journals Monitoring migrant groups as a post-validation surveillance approach to contain the potential reemergence of lymphatic filariasis in Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Ameyo Dorkenoo ◽  
Martin Kouame Tchankoni ◽  
Degninou Yehadji ◽  
Kossi Yakpa ◽  
Mawèké Tchalim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Positive Case ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Investigation ◽  
Migrant Groups

Abstract Background In March 2017, Togo was declared the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to eliminate lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem, but post-validation surveillance has been lacking. In some areas of the country, migrant groups from neighboring countries that are still endemic for LF pose a risk of reintroduction of LF to Togo. The objective of this study was to identify the risk posed by migrant groups by measuring their prevalence of LF infection and investigating any positive case using Togo’s case investigation algorithm to prevent resurgence of LF and sustain Togo’s elimination success. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 in the northernmost region of the country. Three migrant populations were identified: (i) nomadic Peuhls, (ii) Togolese members of local communities who migrate annually to neighboring countries for seasonal labor, and (iii) refugees from Ghana who came to Togo because of a communal conflict in Ghana. A questionnaire was designed to collect data on demographics and history of LF and MDA; all participants were tested for circulating filariasis antigen (CFA) using the filariasis test strip (FTS). Any CFA-positive case was confirmed with nocturnal microfilaremia. Results Refugees, seasonal economic migrants and nomadic Peuhls represented 42.1%, 31.4% and 26.5% of the study participants, respectively. The overall prevalence of CFA was 4.2% (58/1391) with the highest prevalence in the nomadic Peuhl group (11.9%), but only one of them (0.07%) was confirmed positive with nocturnal microfilaremia. Using the case investigation algorithm, no other positive case was identified in the positive case’s surroundings. Conclusion This study demonstrates that nomadic Peuhls, with a CFA prevalence of 11.9%, pose a potential risk for reintroduction of LF into Togo while Ghanaian refugees and seasonal economic migrants do not appear to pose a significant risk. Periodic monitoring of migrants, especially the nomadic Peuhl population, is a potential post-validation surveillance approach that could be used to promptly detect any LF cluster that may arise.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Home Confinement in Children’s Refractive Errors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5347
Author(s):  
Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina ◽  
Clara Martinez-Perez ◽  
Cesar Villa-Collar ◽  
Cristina Andreu-Vázquez ◽  
Alicia Ruiz-Pomeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Visual Screening ◽  
Near Work ◽  
The Impact

Background: Myopia is a public health problem, with estimations that 50% of the world population will be myopic by 2050. Some environmental factors, such as time spent outdoors, doing near work, and using digital devices, influence the development of myopia in children. Home confinement in Spain has increased these risk factors, so this study aims to investigate the impact of home confinement during the COVID-19 outbreak in the vision of school-aged children; Methods: A cross-sectional study in children between 5 and 7 years old that completed a visual screening and a questionnaire about their lifestyles at opticians in Spain in September and October of 2019 and 2020. Statistical analysis to compare lifestyles pre and post confinement, and vision in 2020 versus a similar cohort examined at the same opticians in 2019, was conducted; Results: Spanish children spent less time outdoors and more time doing near work in 2020 than in 2019 (p ≤ 0.001). There was a significant decrease of the spherical equivalent (mean ± standard deviation; 0.66 ± 2.03 D in 2019 vs. 0.48 ± 1.81 D in 2020; p ≤ 0.001); Conclusions: Lifestyles of Spanish children changed during the home confinement at the beginning of 2020. Together with changes in their lifestyles, spherical equivalents have decreased, which implies higher figures of myopia for children aged between 5 and 7.

Perceived Experiences of Community Violence Among Adolescents: A School Survey From Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110051
Author(s):  
Claudia L. de Moraes ◽  
Érika B. dos Santos ◽  
Michael E. Reichenheim ◽  
Stella R. Taquette ◽  
Luciane Stochero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interpersonal Aggression ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Management Actions

Community violence (CV) is a global public health problem due to its high frequency and severe consequences. Although CV is one of the leading causes of death among adolescents, little is known about the everyday CV situations that do not lead to death. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of exposure to and involvement in CV situations among adolescent students from public and private schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study of 693 individuals in their second year of high school selected through stratified multistage random sampling. Information about their exposure to and involvement in CV was collected through a self-completed multidimensional questionnaire in the classrooms. For approximately 30% of the adolescents, someone close to them had been murdered, and 40% had already seen the corpse of a victim of homicide. Seventeen percent reported having been directly involved in CV situations. Approximately 38%, 13%, and 25% had been victims of robberies, interpersonal aggression, and death threats to either themselves or their relatives, respectively. Many of these situations occurred more than once. In general, CV was more frequently reported by boys and by those who did not live with both parents. Adolescents from higher economic classes experienced more interpersonal aggression and felt a greater need to carry a gun. Those who belonged to the lower economic classes and studied in public schools were more exposed to lethal violence than other students. The results call attention to the very high percentage of adolescent students that are involved in CV situations as well as to the differences in violence rates among population subgroups. Such findings should be considered when planning CV prevention and management actions in schools and other socialization spaces for adolescents.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Prescriptions among China Ambulatory Care Visits of Pregnant Women: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Houyu Zhao ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Jiaming Bian ◽  
Siyan Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ambulatory Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Safety ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background: Antibiotic use in pregnant women at the national level has rarely been reported in China. Objectives: We aimed to investigate antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy in ambulatory care settings in China. Methods: Data of 4,574,961 ambulatory care visits of pregnant women from October 2014 to April 2018 were analyzed. Percentages of Antibiotic prescriptions by different subgroups and various diagnosis categories and proportions of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for different subgroups were estimated. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pregnancy categories were used to describe the antibiotic prescription patterns. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Clopper––Pearson method or Goodman method. Results: Among the 4,574,961 outpatient visits during pregnancy, 2.0% (92,514 visits; 95% CI, 2.0–2.0%) were prescribed at least one antibiotic. The percentage of antibiotic prescriptions for pregnant women aged >40 years was 4.9% (95% CI, 4.7–5.0%), whereas that for pregnant women aged 26–30 years was 1.5% (95% CI, 1.4–1.5%). In addition, percentages of antibiotic prescriptions varied among different trimesters of pregnancy, which were 5.4% (95% CI, 5.3–5.4%) for the visits in the first trimester of pregnancy and 0.5% (95% CI, 0.4–0.5%) in the third trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, the percentages of antibiotic prescriptions substantially varied among different diagnosis categories and nearly three-quarters of antibiotic prescriptions had no clear indications and thus might be inappropriate. In total, 130,308 individual antibiotics were prescribed; among these, 60.4% (95% CI, 60.0–60.8%) belonged to FDA category B, 2.7% (95% CI, 2.1–3.5%) were classified as FDA category D and 16.8% (95% CI, 16.2–17.4%) were not assigned any FDA pregnancy category. Conclusions: Antibiotic prescriptions in ambulatory care during pregnancy were not highly prevalent in mainland China. However, a substantial proportion of antibiotics might have been prescribed without adequate indications. Antibiotics whose fetal safety has not been sufficiently illustrated were widely used in pregnant women.

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