Quality and Intensity of Light in the In Vitro Development of Microstumps of Eucalyptus urophylla in a Photoautotrophic System

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natane A Miranda ◽  
Aloisio Xavier ◽  
Wagner C Otoni ◽  
Ricardo Gallo ◽  
Kellen C Gatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Abstract The quality and quantity of light are important factors in controlling in vitro plant growth in photoautotrophic systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of light quality (fluorescent, white, red, blue, red/blue, and distant red) on microstumps of a Eucalyptus urophylla clone in an in vitro photoautotrophic system, as well as the intensity of fluorescent light (60, 85, 100, and 140 μmol m–2 s–1) in the growth and production of microcutting. The number of shoots and microcutting, the size of the largest shoot, the stomatal density, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content were analyzed. Light quality altered plant growth, and fluorescent light intensity did not affect the microstumps’ production during the evaluation period. In white light-emitting diode (LED) light, there was higher production of carotenoids, with a lower initial production of microcuttings. A smaller number of shoots were obtained in blue LED. In general, the different qualities and light intensities tested allowed for the growth of the Eucalyptus urophylla clone grown in vitro, making it possible to obtain microcuttings under photoautotrophic cultivation. Study Implications In vitro propagation is a stressful process for plants and has limitations for commercial-scale Eucalyptus production. Fluorescent lamps, closed containers, and high sucrose concentrations are traditionally used. To reduce costs and improve production, the use of efficient light sources and photoautotrophic cultivation systems become alternatives. This study investigated the influence of light on the in vitro growth of a Eucalyptus clone in a photoautotrophic system. The quality was more important than the intensity of light. Foresters will be able to indicate the use of LEDs (light-emitting diodes) as a replacement for fluorescent lamps. This approach is useful in enhancing micropropagation techniques.

scholarly journals Effects of Frequency and Duty Ratio on the Growth of Potato Plantlets In Vitro Using Light-emitting Diodes

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruey-Chi Jao ◽  
Wei Fang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Intermittent Light ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Fluctuating Light ◽  
Potato Plantlets

Effects of intermittent light on photomixotrophic growth of potato plantlets in vitro and the electrical savings that could be realized by adjusting the frequency and duty ratio of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were investigated and compared to the use of conventional tubular fluorescent lamps (TFLs). TFLs provide continuous fluctuating light at 60 Hz and LEDs provide continuous nonfluctuating or intermittent/pulse light depend on the preset frequency and duty ratio. In total, eight treatments were investigated with varying light source, frequency, duty ratio and photoperiod. Results indicated that if growth rate is the only concern, LEDs at 720 Hz [1.4 milliseconds (ms)] and 50% duty ratio with 16-h light/8-h dark photoperiod stimulated plant growth the most. However, if energy consumption is the major concern, using LEDs at 180 Hz (5.5 ms) and 50% duty ratio with 16-h light/8-h dark photoperiod would be the best choice for illuminating potato plantlets without significantly sacrificing plant growth, especially when energy for heat removal is also considered.

scholarly journals Growth Quality and Development of Olive Plants Cultured In-Vitro under Different Illumination Regimes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2214
Author(s):  
Pablo Díaz-Rueda ◽  
Manuel Cantos-Barragán ◽  
José Manuel Colmenero-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Growth Quality

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are useful for the in-vitro micropropagation of plants, but little information is available on woody species. This work compares the effects of light quality and intensity on the growth and development of micropropagated olive plants from two different subspecies. Illumination was provided with fluorescent and LED lamps covering different red/blue ratios (90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40) or red/blue/white combinations, as well as different light intensities (30, 34, 40, 52, 56, 84, 98 and 137 µmol m−2 s−1 of photosynthetic photon fluxes, PPF). Olive plants exhibited high sensitivity to light quality and intensity. Higher red/blue ratios or lower light intensities stimulated plant growth and biomass mainly as a consequence of a higher internodal elongation rate, not affecting either the total number of nodes or shoots. In comparison to fluorescent illumination, LED lighting improved leaf area and biomass, which additionally was positively correlated with light intensity. Stomatal frequency was positively, and pigments content negatively, correlated with light intensity, while no clear correlation was observed with light quality. In comparison with fluorescent lamps, LED illumination (particularly the 70/30 red/blue ratio with 34 µmol m−2 s−1 PPF intensity) allowed optimal manipulation and improved the quality of in-vitro micropropagated olive plants.

scholarly journals Application of Light-Emitting Diodes for Improving the Nutritional Quality and Bioactive Compound Levels of Some Crops and Medicinal Plants

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Woo-Suk Jung ◽  
Ill-Min Chung ◽  
Myeong Ha Hwang ◽  
Seung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Chang Yeon Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Cell Defense ◽  
Led Irradiation

Light is a key factor that affects phytochemical synthesis and accumulation in plants. Due to limitations of the environment or cultivated land, there is an urgent need to develop indoor cultivation systems to obtain higher yields with increased phytochemical concentrations using convenient light sources. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have several advantages, including consumption of lesser power, longer half-life, higher efficacy, and wider variation in the spectral wavelength than traditional light sources; therefore, these devices are preferred for in vitro culture and indoor plant growth. Moreover, LED irradiation of seedlings enhances plant biomass, nutrient and secondary metabolite levels, and antioxidant properties. Specifically, red and blue LED irradiation exerts strong effects on photosynthesis, stomatal functioning, phototropism, photomorphogenesis, and photosynthetic pigment levels. Additionally, ex vitro plantlet development and acclimatization can be enhanced by regulating the spectral properties of LEDs. Applying an appropriate LED spectral wavelength significantly increases antioxidant enzyme activity in plants, thereby enhancing the cell defense system and providing protection from oxidative damage. Since different plant species respond differently to lighting in the cultivation environment, it is necessary to evaluate specific wavebands before large-scale LED application for controlled in vitro plant growth. This review focuses on the most recent advances and applications of LEDs for in vitro culture organogenesis. The mechanisms underlying the production of different phytochemicals, including phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant enzymes, have also been discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of thidiazuron and monochromatic light on shoot development in vitro culture of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb et Zucc

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Doan Phan Phuong Thao ◽  
Tuan Anh Le ◽  
Phan Ngo Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Polygonum Cuspidatum ◽  
Blue Led ◽  
Red Led ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc, a medicinal plant, contains many phenolic compounds such as resveratrol. It has antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-cancer, HIV, and neuron protective properties. In this study, stem segments having an auxiliary bud were cultured in vitro on MS medium supplemented with TDZ at 0.1 mg/L for obtaining the highest number of shoots (8–9 shoots/cluster after eight weeks). The bud shoots were originated from the differentiation in the periphery of the lateral meristem. After eight weeks, the shoots cultured under the monochromatic light showed that the plant height, fresh and dry weight was higher than those grown under the fluorescent light at the same intensity of 50 µmol photon/m2/sec. Blue LED reduced the number of shoots/cluster, and respiration intensity of the inoculum compared to the red LED or fluorescent light conditions. However, after eight weeks, the total sugar and phenolic content in leaves and stems, as well as the resveratrol content of shoots under blue light, were always higher than under red LED or fluorescent light. Moreover, when samples were exposed under the one-week blue light condition at a double intensity (100 µmol photon/m2/sec), the shoot clusters growing under blue LED also had a remarkably high total phenolic content and significantly high resveratrol levels compared to the two other treatments. The roles of endogenous growth regulators in shoot clusters under different lighting conditions were also analyzed and discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Light on Rhizogenesis of Forest Berry Plants during Clonal Micropropagation

2021 ◽  
pp. 520-528
Author(s):  
Sergey Makarov ◽  
Sergey Rodin ◽  
Irina Kuznetsova ◽  
Anton Chudetsky ◽  
Svetlana Tsaregradskaya
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
American Cranberry ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Spectral Ranges

Introduction. Forest berry plants are popular on the food market and in pharmacy for their high nutritional and medicinal value. Plantations of forest berry plants can proliferate on unused lands, including depleted peatlands. Clonal micropropagation is the most effective method for obtaining large quantities of high quality planting material. Light-emitting diodes are highly effective for clonal micropropagation. The research objective was to study the effect of different spectral ranges on the process of root formation of forest berry plants in vitro. Study objects and methods. The research featured regenerant plants of half-highbush blueberry, arctic bramble, American cranberry, European cranberry, lingonberry, and Kamchatka bilberry of different cultivars. A set of experiments made it possible to study the effect of lighting type on the growth and development of the root system of forest berry plants in vitro using white fluorescent lamps, white spectrum LED lamps, and LED lamps with a combination of white, red, and blue spectra at the in vitro rooting stage of clonal micropropagation. Results and its discussion. The largest number (3.4–14.6 pcs.) and the maximum total length (10.0–156.9 cm) of roots were observed under LED lamps with a combination of white, red, and blue spectra. The effect was by 1.1–2.8 and 2.0–4.5 times higher than in the case of white-spectrum LED lamps, and by 2.3–7.0 and 3.3–14.9 times than in the case of fluorescent lamps. Variety and shape proved to have no significant effect on biometric indicators. Conclusion. LED lamps had a positive effect on the process of rhizogenesis of forest berry plants during clonal micropropagation. They appeared to be more effective than fluorescent lamps. The combination of white, blue, and red spectra increased the biometric parameters of plants at the stage of in vitro rooting.

scholarly journals Application of Wireless Power Transmission Led Lighting System in Propagation of Chrysanthemum and Strawberry

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-630
Author(s):  
N.B. NAM ◽  
N.P. HUY ◽  
V.Q. LUAN ◽  
H.T. TUNG ◽  
D.T. NHUT
Keyword(s):  
Power Transmission ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Wireless Power Transmission ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Lighting

ABSTRACT Wireless power transmission has been recently used to charge batteries in portable devices. This is the first study to combine this technology with light-emitting diodes (WPT-LP) for plant tissue culture application. We also present the comparison of the in vitro growth of chrysanthemum and strawberry plantlets under the new LED lighting system; LED - Uni-Pack (LP) system; LED tube and fluorescent light (FL). The results showed that fresh weight (1.42 g), dry weight (118.67 mg), plant height (5.68 cm), leaf area (3.59 cm2) and chlorophyll content (47.9 μg g-1) of chrysanthemum plantlets under the WPT-LP system were higher than those under FL and LED tube. Similar results were also recorded on the strawberry plantlets. Our results suggested that utilizing WPT-LP system saves the culture space considerably compared with the conventional downward lighting system with fluorescent lamps. The results also indicated that the subsequent growth and development of chrysanthemum and strawberry plantlets derived from WPT-LP system were either equal to or better than those from LP system under LED tube or FL.

Fundamentals and Applications of Red Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) In Vitro Plant Growth on Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill

2019 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phuc Thien
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Red Led ◽  
In Vitro Plant ◽  
Normal Light

The aim of these studies was mainly to investigate the effects of monochromatic LEDs applied singly on the in vitro plant growth and morphogenesis. Various morphological and physiological parameters are considered that influence the growth and development of plants in vitro under red LED light as compared to those under normal light. Upon exposure to LED, in vitro-raised plants have shown significant improvements in growth and morphogenesis. In particular, red and blue lights, either alone or in combination, have a significant influence on plant growth. The present study gives an overview of the fundamentals of LEDs and describes their effects on in vitro plant growth and morphogenesis and their future potentials. The main objective of this study was to carry out line and combing ability of plant growth on tomato.

scholarly journals IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF YELLOW LAPACHO (BIGNONIACEAE) USING HIGH-POWER LIGHT EMITTING DIODE

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Enrique Larraburu ◽  
Gonzalo Sanchez Correa ◽  
Berta Elizabet Llorente
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
High Power ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

ABSTRACT Handroanthus ochraceus (yellow lapacho) is a medicinal, ornamental and timber tree which can be propagated by in vitro culture. Conventional methods use fluorescent lighting (FL), whereas light emitting diode (LED) has been used for this purpose only recently. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of FL and high-power LED (HP-LED) on the in vitro multiplication and rooting of yellow lapacho at different irradiances (15 to 60 µmol m-2s-1). Epicotyls obtained from half-siblings was multiplicated in WPM (Woody Plant Medium) supplemented with 20 µM benzilaminopurine and 1 mM IBA (indolebutiric acid). For rooting, shoots were cultured for 3 days in ½WPM supplemented with 50 µM IBA and for 42 days in auxin-free ½WPM under HP-LED or FL lighting. Under HP-LED, the multiplication rate of shoots increased significantly (61%) from 20 to 40 µmol m-2s-1 respect to FL. Differences in abaxial stomatal density and size were observed between light sources at 20 µmol m-2s-1. High HP-LED irradiance produced the highest rooting percentage. In the rooting stage, the marginal means of treatments without factors interaction showed that HP-LED irradiances significantly increased shoot length by 20%, shoot fresh weight by 77% and shoot dry weight by 30% in comparison to the values under FL. The maximum values calculated from the regression curves were around 50 µmol m-2 s-1 for HP-LED for all parameters except root lenght whereas were around 20 µmol m-2 s-1 for FL for all parameters except fresh and dry weigth of shoot. Here we show that HP-LED lighting improve in vitro culture of H. ochraceus, reduced 81% energy consumption respect to FL and uses only a multispectral LED instead of different single color LEDs. Therefore, HP-LED could be useful for the micropropagation of tree species contributing to sustainable agriculture and ecological restoration of degraded areas.

scholarly journals Light quality affects the proliferation of in vitro cultured plantlets of Camellia oleifera Huajin

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10016
Author(s):  
Chaoyin He ◽  
Yanling Zeng ◽  
Yuzhong Fu ◽  
Jiahao Wu ◽  
Qin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Camellia Oleifera

Background Camellia oleifera is an important oil-yielding woody plant native to China. Tea oil extracted from the seeds is rich in health-beneficial compounds. Huajin is a high-yielding elite variety of C. oleifera, with large fruits and remarkable resilience, widely cultivated in southern China; however, its seedling quality tends to be uneven. At present, techniques such as grafting, and cuttings are primarily adopted to propagate C. oleifera. These approaches are susceptible to environmental constraints owing to the long growth period, resulting in the lack of C. oleifera seedlings. Methods to make the cultivation more economical are warranted; this can be facilitated by tissue culture technology to provide good-quality seedlings in a short time. Methods In vitro cultured plantlets of C. oleifera Huajin were exposed to red light (RL), blue light (BL), red:blue light at a 4:1 ratio (R4:B1), and red:blue light at a 1:4 ratio (R1:B4); white light (WL) was used as the control treatment. To investigate the influence of light spectral quality on the proliferation coefficient, photosynthetic pigments, soluble proteins, plant height, leaf shape, Rubisco enzyme activity, and stomata and leaf anatomical features. Results The highest proliferation coefficient was observed under combined red and blue (4:1) light. In addition, this treatment resulted in the second highest chlorophyll content, the thickest palisade and spongy tissues, and consequently, the thickest leaves. The same treatment resulted in the second highest stomatal density, albeit concomitantly with the smallest average stomatal length and width. Discussion These results indicate that high-quality propagation of Huajin shoots can be achieved by culturing the plants in vitro under a combination of red and blue (4:1) lights. Previous studies have shown that red and blue lights improve rooting and transplanting rates of tissue culture seedlings. Hence, future research should focus on the effect of light quality on rooting and transplanting of tissue culture plantlets of Huajin and its specific molecular mechanisms.

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