scholarly journals The Relationship Between Activity Participation and Cognitive Functioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 425-425
Author(s):  
Sangha Jeon ◽  
Susan Charles
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mailed Survey

Abstract Researchers are growing increasingly interested in how the diversity of daily activities are related to well-being. The current study examined how both frequency and diversity in daily activities are associated with cognitive functioning. Participants from the third wave (2013-2016) of the Midlife Development in the U.S (MIDUS) survey (N=1281) completed both a telephone-based cognitive assessment and a mailed survey asking about participation in three different types of activities: cognitive (e.g., doing word games, attending educational lectures or courses), physical (e.g,. exercise, home chores), and social (volunteer work, attending sports or social groups). Frequency of activity participation was assessed with items asking how often they engaged in these activities, and diversity of activity participation was calculated by summing the number of activities they reported doing in each category. All analyses included sociodemographic variables, health status, and openness to experience as covariates. Findings from multiple regression indicated that greater frequency in all activities (cognitive, physical, and social) was related to higher levels of cognitive functioning. Greater diversity of social activity was also related to higher cognitive functioning. Education mediated the association between diversity in cognitive activities and cognitive functioning, suggesting that the link between higher levels of cognitive functioning and education may be partly attributed to people with higher levels of education engaging in greater diversity of cognitive activity.

scholarly journals Findings From the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project: Individual Differences, Well-Being, and Cognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 591-592
Author(s):  
Karen Siedlecki
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The Virginia Cognitive Aging Project (VCAP) is a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of cognitive functioning in a large sample of healthy community-dwelling adults between the ages of18-99 years (Salthouse,2009). Data are collected on several domains of cognitive functioning and subjective ratings of cognition, as well as a myriad of individual difference characteristics including self-reports of physical activity, cognitive activity, social support, personality, well-being, and affective measures. This symposium focuses on findings from VCAP that examine cross-sectional and longitudinal links between individual difference characteristics, indicators of well-being, and objective and subjective cognition. These topics include the cross-sectional assessment of >5,000 participants on the mediating role of Need for Cognition on the relationship between cognition and well-being (Yazdani & Siedlecki) and the relationship between social support and ratings of subjective cognition (Mueller & Minahan). Jung uses cross-lagged analyses to assess temporal relationships between physical and cognitive activity and cognition. Falzarano et al. present findings regarding the longitudinal relationship between subjective and objective measures of cognition. Finally, Minahan and Siedlecki present findings examining the temporal relationship between ratings of loneliness and depression over time. The symposium provides insights into the complex role of individual differences characteristics and cognitive functioning across the adult lifespan.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM FIELD OF MODERN HIGHER PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-484
Author(s):  
O. A. Lapina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
New Literacy ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
Scientific Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. The paper is concerned with the processes of professional-pedagogical education in modern higher educational institutions and the problems of business and speech culture that face the students involved in educational and cognitive activities. Objective. The objective of the paper is to substantiate the relationship between the activity of students in the educational process and the level of their human development and communicative creativity. The research aimed to develop a methodology to organize an educational process facilitating the actualization of professionally oriented thinking (the ability to understand, reveal, and explain the value of facts and phenomena). Materials and methods. The research methodology is a generalizing analysis of the problems of vocational education, its orientation, and contents at various levels of the specialist’s personality development. The units of practical assessment were self-esteem, speech activity, knowledge of the basic forms of work with words, and interpretation of meaning within the topic of reasoning. Research results.The findings have indicated the relationship between the student’s activity in the educational process and the level of their human development, communicative creativity, business and speech culture, passivity/activity in educational and cognitive activities, the degree of understanding the responsibility for choosing a profession, and the meaning of the “professionally-oriented rapport” concept. The ways of actualizing professionally-oriented thinking have been determined. A methodology for building an interest in the investigative type of thinking and the gradual conscious acquisition of a block of knowledge has been developed and tested. The study has clarified the professional significance of the organizational forms contributing to the development of cognitive and communicative competence of pro¬fessional thought creation. Discussion and conclusion. What are the advantages of the proposed model? It reveals the meaning of what has been learned, expands the desire to understand, conveys the essence of information, develops a professionally-oriented ability to substantiate one’s viewpoint; forms an opinion on science, a scientific subject, theory, and technology in a professionally significant field of activity. The research continues, however, the preliminary findings allow the following conclusions. The result of these actions is positive dynamics in understanding the value of teachers’ professional activity, the formation of a habit of self-organization and learn-and-create activity. Keywords: educational space of the university, professionally-oriented thinking, cognitive activity, culture of education, transformation of professional education, new literacy.

scholarly journals ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНИХ ТА ЖИТТЄВИХ КОМПЕТЕНЦІЙ В КОНЦЕПЦІЇ LIVELONG LEARNING: ДОСВІД ПСИХОЛОГІВ

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-39
Author(s):  
В. Бочелюк
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
The World

Relevance of the problem: The concept of lifelong learning is the leading educational and political strategy of the advanced countries around the world. Attracting adults into training helps to cope with life crises, enhances their well-being and health, contributes to their personal development, social activity, and cultural growth. This eventually determines the economic and social well-being of the entire society. But in Ukraine the implementation of this model is not fully effective, which fact entails a scientific discussion. Aim: to analyze the ways of introducing adult education in Ukraine and in the world; to determine the ways of forming professional and life competencies in the qualified psychological community. Methods: analysis of documentation that governs the implementation of the lifelong learning concept in the European Union and in Ukraine; a written survey of psychologists (131 persons with professional experience of 3 to 35 years) concerning specific ways of expanding and deepening of competencies; content analysis, frequency analysis, phenomenological method. Research results. The main mission of the lifelong learning is the expansion and renewal of life prospects in the framework of the transformational social environment. The leading role in these processes belongs to the individuals themselves: their cognitive activity, responsibility for building their own life paths, the ability to learn. Governmental and public institutions create opportunities for education in various forms that are tailored to individual interests and capabilities. In Ukraine, similarly to other countries, adult learning is actively taking place in formal, informal, and independent education, but the form and content, the theoretical and normative substantiation is considerably lagging behind the experience of the advanced countries. The survey of psychologists has demonstrated a steady need for a lifelong learning, which has a professional specificity according to the field of activity. Further education has a beneficial effect on professional career, as well as on psychological well-being and social processes. However, cognitive activity is occurring in a spontaneous, not in a planned way; it is difficult for professionals to find educational offers meeting their needs.

scholarly journals Exploring Associations Between the Self-Reported Values, Well-Being, and Health Behaviors of Finnish Citizens: Cross-Sectional Analysis of More Than 100,000 Web-Survey Responses

10.2196/12170 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e12170
Author(s):  
Anita Marianne Honka ◽  
Elina Helander ◽  
Misha Pavel ◽  
Holly Jimison ◽  
Pekka Mustonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Web Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
The Relationship

Background Understanding the relationship between personal values, well-being, and health-related behavior could facilitate the development of engaging, effective digital interventions for promoting well-being and the healthy lifestyles of citizens. Although the associations between well-being and values have been quite extensively studied, the knowledge about the relationship between health behaviors and values is less comprehensive. Objective The aim of this study was to assess retrospectively the associations between self-reported values and commitment to values combined with self-reported well-being and health behaviors from a large cross-sectional dataset. Methods We analyzed 101,130 anonymous responses (mean age 44.78 years [SD 13.82]; 78.88%, 79,770/101,130 women) to a Finnish Web survey, which were collected as part of a national health promotion campaign. The data regarding personal values were unstructured, and the self-reported value items were classified into value types based on the Schwartz value theory and by applying principal component analysis. Logistic and multiple linear regression were used to explore the associations of value types and commitment to values with well-being factors (happiness, communal social activity, work, and family-related distress) and health behaviors (exercise, eating, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sleep). Results Commitment to personal values was positively related to happiness (part r2=0.28), communal social activity (part r2=0.09), and regular exercise (part r2=0.06; P<.001 for all). Health, Power (social status and dominance), and Mental balance (self-acceptance) values had the most extensive associations with health behaviors. Regular exercise, healthy eating, and nonsmoking increased the odds of valuing Health by 71.7%, 26.8%, and 40.0%, respectively (P<.001 for all). Smoking, unhealthy eating, irregular exercise, and increased alcohol consumption increased the odds of reporting Power values by 27.80%, 27.78%, 24.66%, and 17.35%, respectively (P<.001 for all). Smoking, unhealthy eating, and irregular exercise increased the odds of reporting Mental balance values by 20.79%, 16.67%, and 15.37%, respectively (P<.001 for all). In addition, lower happiness levels increased the odds of reporting Mental balance and Power values by 24.12% and 20.69%, respectively (P<.001 for all). Conclusions The findings suggest that commitment to values is positively associated with happiness and highlight various, also previously unexplored, associations between values and health behaviors.

Social Support, Basic Psychological Needs, and Social Well-Being Among Older Cancer Survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-114
Author(s):  
Kenneth Leow ◽  
Martin F. Lynch ◽  
Jungmin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Midlife Development

This study examined the contribution of social support and satisfaction of basic psychological needs in predicting social well-being among older cancer survivors, from the perspective of self-determination theory. The sample for this study derived from the third wave of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States. Participants consisted of 376 cancer survivors who had completed cancer treatment. The results of this study suggested that social support from family members and friends was a significant predictor of social well-being. Satisfaction of the basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) was a significant predictor of social well-being. The fulfillment of basic psychological needs among older cancer survivors is important to the experience of greater social well-being, a finding that contributes to the development of a dynamic model of motivation, engagement in social activity, and successful reintegration into one’s community.

scholarly journals Cognitive Functioning, Gender, and Marital Quality Among Older Married Couples: A Dyadic Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 605-605
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Gallagher ◽  
Jeffrey Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Quality Outcomes ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Marital Strain

Abstract Older spouses influence one another in myriad ways, and dyadic effects of marital quality on health and well-being have been well-established. However, little attention has been paid to dyadic implications of cognitive functioning, including for spouses’ perceptions of the relationship itself. This study examines associations of older husbands’ and wives’ cognitive functioning with both partners’ reports of four marital quality outcomes. Structural equation modeling analyzed data from 1,414 opposite-sex couples drawn from the 2016 wave of the Health and Retirement Study. Findings revealed that (a) wives’ poorer cognitive functioning was associated with wives’ reporting greater closeness and higher ratings of enjoying time with a spouse, whereas (b) husbands’ poorer cognitive functioning was associated with wives’ reporting greater marital strain, lower marital support, lower closeness, and lower ratings of enjoying time with a spouse. This suggests that cognitive functioning/impairment has dyadic consequences for marital quality, which are highly gendered.

The Relationship Between Leisure Activities and Well-being During Social Isolation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sartu Osman ◽  
Danielle Gaucher
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Flow ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Relationship

Leisure activities are effective ways to cope with stressful life events; however, more research is needed to understand its effects in social isolation. In the current study, we explored whether university students’ participation in leisure activities (such as baking, running, and yoga) has helped protect against some of the negative effects of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, this correlational study aimed to discover (a) the relationship between leisure activity participation and psychological well-being and resilience during periods of social isolation; (b) the type of leisure activity (i.e., physical or nonphysical) that has the most positive effect on overall well-being; and (c) precisely why particular leisure activities were positively associated with well-being and resilience (e.g., do they increase social affiliation, self-efficacy, personal control, flow, and sense of meaning?). To answer these questions, 200 university students completed an online survey asking them about the frequency and type of their participation in leisure activities. Participant’s coronavirus anxiety, sense of well-being, and resiliency were the outcome variables. Results indicated a significant, positive association between leisure activity participation and overall well-being, demonstrated by a decrease in anxiety and an increase in well-being. Contrary to the literature, engagement in more non-physical leisure activities was associated with greater resiliency compared to physical activities. The mechanisms for the positive association were not clear. In sum, this study supports participation in leisure activities as a possible way to cope with social isolation and the negative effects of the current pandemic.

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