scholarly journals Fatal Crashes Among Drivers Age 60+ in Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 113-113
Author(s):  
Chae Man Lee ◽  
Beth Dugan
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Interstate Highways ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Crash Hotspots

Abstract Fatal crashes are related with the spatial components of physical environments (e.g. roadways, land use, and political boundaries). This study compares rates of fatal crashes among drivers age 60+ by counties in 4 states of CT, MA, NH, and RI. The GIS application is used to visualize the location of fatal crashes and to identify whether it is clustered as hotspots. This study pooled data related to fatal crashes in CT, MA, NH, and RI from the Fatal Accident Recording System (2008-2018). Sample (n=2,373) inclusion criteria were subjects (driver age 60+) had to have complete data on variables of interest and be involved in a crash with at least one fatality. More than half (n=1,387, 58.5%) of drivers had a fatal injury. Results showed that the county with the highest incidents of fatal crashes was New Haven, CT (n=183 involved, 53% fatality), Worcester, MA (n=179, 61.5% respectively), Hillsborough, NH (n=75, 65.3% respectively), and Providence, RI (n=94, 59.6% respectively). The GIS spatial analysis showed that crashes were clustered along roads with the highest speed limits (interstate highways or multilane state routes) and found that the hotspots of clustered fatal crashes were located in counties with big cities with high population densities (New Haven CT, Hartford CT, Springfield MA, Worcester MA, Boston MA, Concord NH, and Providence RI). Identification of these crash hotspots will be beneficial for drivers and policy makers. The findings may alert drivers to high risk areas and policy makers can implement countermeasures.

Nurturing Environmental Stewards through Preschool Physical Design

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Mariam Felani Shaari ◽  
Sabarinah Sh. Ahmad ◽  
Izaham Shah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmental Behaviour ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Open Access Article ◽  
Environmental Stewards

Environmental stewardship starts with education. This paper aims to discuss how preschools can be used to nurture environmental stewards among Malaysian children. In summary, elements of preschool physical environments can be manipulated to enhance environmental education while landscape elements such as vegetation and topography can be manipulated to maximize interaction with nature. Effective interaction with nature is the most important factor to ensure environmental awareness. Findings are useful for Malaysian designers and policy makers to ensure that preschool’s physical settings support environmental education to respond to climate change and preserve the planet for future generations.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creative commons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Malaysian preschool ; Green preschool design ; Children environmental behaviour ; Environmental education

scholarly journals Evaluating the Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Mechanism and Its Risk Factors in England’s Cattle Farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3451
Author(s):  
Tabassom Sedighi ◽  
Liz Varga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dynamic Bayesian Network ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Actual Experience ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Cattle Farms

Controlling bovine tuberculosis (bTB) disease in cattle farms in England is seen as a challenge for farmers, animal health, environment and policy-makers. The difficulty in diagnosis and controlling bTB comes from a variety of factors: the lack of an accurate diagnostic test which is higher in specificity than the currently available skin test; isolation periods for purchased cattle; and the density of active badgers, especially in high-risk areas. In this paper, to enable the complex evaluation of bTB disease, a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) is designed with the help of domain experts and available historical data. A significant advantage of this approach is that it represents bTB as a dynamic process that evolves periodically, capturing the actual experience of testing and infection over time. Moreover, the model demonstrates the influence of particular risk factors upon the risk of bTB breakdown in cattle farms.

Telehealth policy: Looking for global complementarity

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 55-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E Scott ◽  
M Faruq U Chowdhury ◽  
Sunil Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Regulatory Constraints ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
Global Health Care ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Daunting Challenge

summary Telehealth is gaining acceptance as a tool for bridging the local and global health-care divides. However, integrating telehealth into existing health infrastructures presents a daunting challenge for governments, policy makers, telehealth advocates and health-care workers. The development of specific inter-jurisdictional telehealth policies will significantly improve the ability to meet this challenge. In the policy context, one ‘success’ is the increasing number of jurisdictions addressing policy issues. However, policy decisions have largely been taken in isolation, within individual health institutions, regions, provinces/states or countries. This represents a failure of the current approach. Telehealth, by its very nature, has the ability to transgress existing geo-political boundaries. As a consequence, policy in any single jurisdiction may hamper or even cripple the ability of telehealth to fulfil its potential. Commonality-or at least complementarity-of approach to telehealth policy must be encouraged. To achieve this, it is essential to understand the current or anticipated regulatory constraints that may affect telehealth. We have begun a preliminary study of country-specific policy issues.

scholarly journals Active Living in the Trucking Sector: Environmental Barriers and Health Promotion Strategies

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yorghos Apostolopoulos ◽  
Mona M. Shattell ◽  
Sevil Sönmez ◽  
Robert Strack ◽  
Lauren Haldeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Active Living ◽  
Recreational Activity ◽  
Interstate Highways ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Environmental Attributes ◽  
Worksite Health ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
Morbid Conditions

Background:As one of the most underserved segments of the U.S. labor force, truck drivers have been associated with a series of morbid conditions intimately linked to their occupational milieux, their mostly unhealthful nutritional intake and sedentary lifestyles, and their resulting excess weight-gain.Methods:This paper reports data from a baseline assessment of 25 trucking work settings located around interstate highways I-40 and I-85 in North Carolina. It examines how the environmental attributes of these work settings influence the physical and recreational activity behaviors of truckers, compares findings with those from other occupational environments, and brings to the fore a new health promotion paradigm for trucking worksites.Results:Findings support growing empirical and anecdotal evidence that trucking work settings remain not only active-living deserts, but overall unhealthful places. A scan of physical, social, and information environments within trucking worksites as well as physical environments of surrounding communities reveal only meager opportunities for physical and recreational activity for truckers.Conclusion:This paper places the highly underserved population of truckers firmly within the discourse of worksite health promotion, and calls for comprehensive multistakeholder wellness strategies that address a multitude of risk factors linked to the occupational context.

New England

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
William E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Massachusetts Bay ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
New Haven ◽  
The World ◽  
Massachusetts Bay Colony ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

This chapter focuses mainly on developments in the law of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which was founded as a Puritan utopia to display to rest of the world how a society should be governed. Although Massachusetts incorporated elements of the common law into its legal system, the dominant source of law was the word of God. But the divine word, which was enforced by the magistrates of the Court of Assistants, sometimes met resistance from local juries. A major issue throughout the 1630s and 1640s was whether the magistrates or local people would have final authority to determine the substance of the law; the issue was resolved in 1649 by providing for appeals in all cases of judge-jury disagreement to the General Court sitting as a unicameral body in which representatives of localities outnumbered the magistrates and thus had final authority. The chapter ends with a brief look at legal developments in Connecticut, New Haven, Plymouth, and Rhode Island.

scholarly journals Perceived Motivators and Constraints among Regular Players of Pick-Up Basketball Games

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Jianyu WANG ◽  
Wenhao LIU ◽  
Wei BIAN ◽  
Jiangong TAN
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Physical Activity Policy

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. The purpose of this study was to examine perceived motivators and constraints among regular players of pick-up basketball games. Sixty-five basketball players were invited to participate in the study. The instrument assessing participants’ perceived motivators and constraints of participating in pick-up basketball games was adapted from the works on leisure motivators and constraints. Results indicated that the primary motivators for the players playing pick-up basketball games were having fun (77.9%), improving physical fitness (55.9%), becoming fit (52.9%), and improving basketball skills (41.2%). The major constraints the players perceived were lack of leisure time (55.9%), lack of basketball courts (45.6%), hard to find friends to play with (17.6%), and too much work (16.2%). The findings of the study may imply that in order to promote physical activity policy-makers should help create better physical environments such as the access to the basketball courts. Additionally, physical education professionals must help young people develop motor skills to enjoy the activity. 本文旨在揭示經常參加籃球運動群體的動機與障礙。六十五位經常參加籃球運動的人士應邀參加本研究。結果顯示經常參加籃球運動主要的動機包括有興趣(77。9%) 、提高體能(55。9%) 、改進健康 (52。1%) 、提高籃球技術 (41。2%) 。主要障礙包括缺少休閒時間(55。9%) 、缺乏場地 (45。6%) ，難以找到朋友一起參與 (17。6%) 、太多工作 (16。2%) 。本研究結果表明為了更好促進大眾體育鍛煉﹐決策者須考慮改善體育鍛煉的環境，同時體育專業人士應幫助青少年發展運動技能。

scholarly journals GIS-based approach for evaluating a community intrinsic resilience index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firas Gerges ◽  
Hani Nassif ◽  
Xiaolong Geng ◽  
Holly A. Michael ◽  
Michel C. Boufadel
Keyword(s):  
Community Resilience ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
Resilience Index ◽  
Post Disaster

AbstractCommunity resilience refers to the degree to which a community can survive and recover following a disaster. While resilience itself is well understood, decisions that would enhance resilience are interdependent and involve various stakeholders. There are indices for evaluating community resilience, but these have the shortcoming that they compare between political entities, such as counties. Therefore, one cannot ascertain that a county is truly resilient. In addition, natural disasters depend on the landscape and thus have no relation to the political boundaries. Our metric aims to capture the information into a Community Intrinsic Resilience Index (CIRI), which embodies the resilience level of four critical sectors: transportation, energy, health and socio-economic. As a case study, we computed CIRI for the counties within New Jersey. Results showed that within NJ, CIRI ranged from 63 to 80%. A post-disaster CIRI, following a scenario of flooding, revealed that two coastal counties would have low CIRI values due to the reduction in the road area and/or the GDP (local economy shut down) to below minimum values. We believe that our platform would further advance the efforts to fill the gap between resilience research and applications and would help decision and policy makers to integrate resilience within the planning and design phases of disaster management.

Predicting corporate financial distress using logistic regression : Malaysian evidence

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Hoo Tew ◽  
Enylina Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Validation Sample ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Financial Distress Prediction ◽  
Distress Prediction

This study attempts to construct and test financial distress prediction model for Malaysian Companies. The samplefor this study consists of84 companies listed on Bursa Malaysia that became financially distressed in 200/ and 2002 and a matched (by industry and firm size) sample 0/ 84 financially healthy companies. The model is constructed by employing logistic regression analysis based on pooled data of5 years prior tofinancial distress. The model isfirst derived using the estimation sample andthen tested using the validation sample. Adding to the existing research onfinancial distress prediction models, the current model utilizes measures ofshareholders' equity to total liabilities, shareholders' equity to total assets, current liabilities to total assets, total borrowings to total assets andinventory turnover. The results are encouraging, as the model developed/or predicting corporatefinancial distress in Malaysia is reliable up to 5 years prior to financial distress. II is also believed thai the prediction model can be useful to different groups of users such as policy makers, financial institutions, creditors, managers, bankers, investors and shareholders.

scholarly journals Mapping the likelihood of foot-and-mouth disease introduction along the border between Brazil and Paraguay

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Basso Amaral ◽  
Valery Gond ◽  
Annelise Tran
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Multicriteria Group Decision Making ◽  
Linguistic Quantifiers ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Abstract: The objective of this work was to apply fuzzy majority multicriteria group decision-making to determine risk areas for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) introduction along the border between Brazil and Paraguay. The study was conducted in three municipalities in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, located along the border with Paraguay. Four scenarios were built, applying the following linguistic quantifiers to describe risk factors: few, half, many, and most. The three criteria considered to be most likely to affect the vulnerability to introduction of FMD, according to experts' opinions, were: the introduction of animals in the farm, the distance from the border, and the type of property settlements. The resulting maps show a strong spatial heterogeneity in the risk of FMD introduction. The used methodology brings out a new approach that can be helpful to policy makers in the combat and eradication of FMD.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions Regarding Endemic Vivax Malaria in Inhabitants and Patients in Two Cities of Northern Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-605
Author(s):  
Young Yil Bahk ◽  
Shin-Hyeong Cho ◽  
Sookkyung Park ◽  
Jeongran Kwon ◽  
Hyesu Kan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Different Populations

An understanding of the knowledges, attitudes and perceptions of different populations is key for public health policy makers. Here, a survey was performed on knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about malaria diagnosis, prevention, control, and treatment. The 407 survey participants included both uninfected inhabitants and patients from 2 cities (Gimpo- and Paju-si) of Northern Gyeonggi-do, known as high-risk areas for vivax malaria. We used community-based study design and non-probability sampling method using the primary data. Association between variables were tested using χ2-tests. In general, the information on malaria reported by the participants in this study was unsystematic and included inaccurate details. The knowledge of malaria symptoms, identified as headache, chills and fever, was high, but the surveyed community lacks knowledge of the specific medications used for malaria treatment, with a large number of respondents having no knowledge of any form of medication. Survey questions with high correct answer rates included questions about easy treatment of malaria in Korea, the high daytime activity of malaria-borne mosquitoes, and the infection risk posed by outdoor activities. However, a large portion of the respondents was unable to provide simple medical and biological information about the disease. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practical behavior of the surveyed community with respect to malaria and the implications reported here could be applicable to other malaria endemic areas in Korea.

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