scholarly journals The Role of Hospice in Florida Nursing Homes Post-Hurricane Irma

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 285-285
Author(s):  
Julianne Skarha ◽  
Lily Gordon ◽  
Dylan Jester ◽  
Lindsay Peterson ◽  
David Dosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mortality Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Hurricane Irma

Abstract There is little known about the effect of hospice post-disaster. This study utilized exposure to Hurricane Irma (2017) to evaluate the differential mortality effect of the disaster on Florida NH residents (N=45,882) compared to a control group of residents in the same NHs in 2015 (N=47,690) by hospice status. We also examine the difference in hospice utilization rates post-storm for short- and long-stay (LS) residents. There was an increase in mortality for those in the cohort not on hospice within 90 days in 2017 compared to 2015 (OR= 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.11). For the rate of hospice enrollment post-storm among residents previously not on hospice, there was an increase among LS residents within 30 days (OR =1.15, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.23) and 90 days (OR= 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.20). It is important to further examine the increase in the rate of hospice enrollment in LS NH residents post-storm.

scholarly journals The Role of P53 in Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Peter Michael Reil ◽  
Teodor Traian Maghiar ◽  
Karlheinz Seidl ◽  
Claudia Teodora Judea Pusta ◽  
Ciprian Borza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Septic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Septic cardiomyopathy remains a difficult medical problem to manage in critically ill patients. With all currently available therapeutic options, the mortality rate in these patients remains high. Our study included 29 patients diagnosed clinically with sepsis. A control group was used to compare the results. In all patients, p53 expression was assessed in cardiac tissue obtained from these patients and a statistical correlation was made with clinical data. The different expression rates of p53 do not correlate with patient’s age, having appropriate means in years, but with an increasing tendency with increasing expression (p=0.2110). The pulmonary infections are responsible for the majority of the septic state in the study group (over 55%). The difference between the infection sites is statistically significant (p<0.0001).

A Discrimination Based on Punishment

1952 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Dinsmoor
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Avoidance Reactions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Rate Of Response

Twelve white rats learned to press a bar or lever when this act was intermittently followed by pellets of food. Once a stable rate of pressing had been established, the animals were subjected to electric shock as a punishment for each response during alternate five minute periods within the experimental session. A difference in rates during the safe and punished phases was manifested both by the experimental group (8 rats), who were provided with a light as a signal when it was safe to respond, and also, contrary to expectation, by the control group (4 rats), who continued in darkness throughout the session. The differential responding by the control group was greatly reduced, however, when the duration of each phase was reduced from five minutes to one. The investigation was then continued to determine the role of some of the other factors in the situation. Increasing the severity of the shock increased the difference between the light and the dark rates. Withholding the pellets of food reduced the overall rates but did not affect the light-dark discrimination. Withholding the shock, on the other hand, permitted an increase in rate and caused the animals to lose their discrimination; when food had previously been withheld, however, so that the rate of response was relatively low, this deterioration in the discrimination was not as rapid as before. Restoration of the discrimination training under a lower hunger drive confirmed the finding that the formation of the discrimination was quite rapid and showed that the level of drive did not affect the proportionality between the rates in the light and in the darkness. These findings were interpreted by comparing the current procedure with those previously used in studies of avoidance reactions and conflict.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Cognitive and Sensorimotor Exercises on the Functional Balance of the Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Shaykh ◽  
Zinat Ayazi Vanani ◽  
Fazllolah Bagherzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Elderly Living ◽  
Tinetti Test

Background and aims: The elderly living in nursing homes have different motor situations compared with their peers, which can affect different motor functions. Investigating the characteristics of balance has always been of interest to researchers due to its importance in the functional independence of the elderly. Thus, the present research aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive and sensorimotor exercises on the functional balance of the elderly. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed with the intragroup comparison design, as well as pre- and post-test measurement stages in Iran during 2017. A total of 60 elders were chosen through the convenience sampling method. Accordingly, the subjects were matched in four groups after performing the pretest with demographic, physical activity readiness, and Mini-Mental State Examination questionnaires and Tinetti test. Each group performed eight exercise situations lasting for 5-10 seconds by taking the overload principle into account throughout 24 sessions. The statistical population of this research consisted of the elderly living in nursing homes under the supervision of the Welfare Organization of Shiraz, including 875 individuals. In general, 60 subjects were chosen through a voluntary method (age: 61.7 ± 7.6 years old, weight: 65.2± 16.2 kg, and height: 157.7± 6.7 cm). During the data collection, 14 subjects left the study for different reasons. The balance characteristics were measured by the Tinetti test. Finally, statistical analysis was performed through the difference of the scores of measurement stages and by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Results: The comparison of cognitive, sensorimotor, and combined groups with the control group regarding the dependent variables of the research indicated that cognitive exercises have no significant effect on balance (P=0.103), while the sensorimotor (P=0.002) and combined (P=0.002) exercises were effective on balance. Conclusion: In general, the significance of the balance following sensorimotor and combined exercises compared to the insignificance of cognitive exercises can highlight the importance of sensorimotor exercises in the balance of the elderly living in nursing homes.

scholarly journals Increased Zinc Serum Level: New Clues in Babol Stroke Patients, Northern Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Alijan Ahmadi Ahangar ◽  
Payam Saadat ◽  
Sona Niroomand ◽  
Shayan Alijanpour ◽  
Reza Sohrabnezhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
The Difference

Background. Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The role of zinc as a new predictor of stroke was considered. Methods. This prospective study was conducted in Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital within a year on 100 stroke and 100 control patients. Findings. The difference in zinc serum level in two groups was significant (deficiency: 3 (3%) in patients versus 20 (20%) in control group, normal: 25 (25%) versus 54 (54%), and increased level: 72 (72%) versus 26 (26%); p<0.001). Difference in zinc serum levels was statistically significant with ischemic heart disease (deficiency: 0 cases (0%), normal: 8 cases (24%), increased level: 24 cases (75%), p=0.003). Increases in zinc serum level were significantly correlated with the frequency of hemorrhagic and ischemic patients (deficiency: 3 (3.3%) hemorrhagic versus 0 (0%) ischemic; normal: 19 (21%) versus 6 (60%), increased level: 68 (75.6%) versus 4 (40%); p=0.025). Regression logistics showed that ischemic heart disease (p<0.001; OR = 28.29, %95 CI: 5.53; 144.87), hyperlipidemia (p<0.001; OR = 0.26, %95 CI: 0.12; 0.56), and zinc serum level (p<0.001, OR = 15.53, %95 CI: 4.03; 59.83) each had a significant role. Conclusions. Babol stroke patients are prone to increased zinc serum level as a new parameter. Ischemic heart disease, increased levels of zinc, and hyperlipidemia were found to be probable predictor factors for stroke in Babol.

scholarly journals ROLE OF THE CYP1A2 GENE POLYMORPHISM ON EARLY AGEING FROM OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa. Eshkoor ◽  
P. Ismail ◽  
Sa. Rahman ◽  
S. Moin ◽  
My. Adon
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
In Cells

ABSTRACT The ageing process is influenced by many internal and external factors. The toxic substances in the environment can cause genomic damages to cells, which increase the risk of early ageing. Furthermore, the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) gene polymorphism is a susceptibility factor and may enhance the risk of DNA damage in cells. The current study was carried out to show whether occupational exposure could cause genotoxicity in cells carrying the CYP1A2 gene polymorphism, thus enhancing the likelihood of early ageing. This study was conducted on mechanical workshop workers and a control group by collecting buccal cells from their mouths. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) was used to identify the CYP1A2 gene polymorphism in the cells. In addition, three extra methods including micronuclei (MN) test, comet assay and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) were applied to determine the effects of gene polymorphisms on DNA damage and ageing from occupational exposure. The results showed that DNA damage in the cells carrying the mutated genotype was higher than the wild genotype. In addition, the difference in MN frequency (p = 0.001) and relative telomere length (p = 0.002) between workers and controls was significant (p <0.05) in the mutated genotype. The findings indicated a possible protective effect of gene polymorphism against early ageing, which was characterized by lack of a significant influence of CYP1A2 gene polymorphism on genetic material in the subjects (p >0.05). It was concluded that the CYP1A2 gene could be a contributing factor to prevent early ageing from occupational exposure.

scholarly journals Role of Covering Ileostomy in Causation of Anastomotic Strictures in Low Anterior Resections for Rectum Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Mudassir Ahmad Khan ◽  
Rauf A. Wani ◽  
Asif Mehraj ◽  
Arshad Baba ◽  
Mushtaq Laway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Resection ◽  
Low Anterior Resection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Anastomotic Site ◽  
Rectum Carcinoma ◽  
Anastomotic Strictures ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Colorectal resection anastomosis is the commonest cause of rectal strictures. Anastomotic site ischemia, incomplete doughnuts from stapled anastomosis and pelvic infection, are some of the risk factors that play a role in the development of postoperative rectal strictures. However, the role of diverting stoma in the development of rectal strictures has not been studied extensively. Objectives To study the difference in the occurrence of anastomotic strictures (AS) in patients submitted to low anterior resection (LAR) with covering ileostomy (CI), and to LAR without CI for carcinoma rectum. Methods This was a prospective, comparative case control study carried out at a tertiary care referral center. Low anterior resection with covering ileostomy was performed in patients with rectum carcinoma in the study group, while LAR without covering ileostomy was performed in the control group. The study group had 29 patients, while the control group had 33 patients with rectum carcinoma. Results During the mean follow-up period of 9.1months, 8 (28%) patients in the study group and 2 (6%) patients in the control group developed AS (p =0.019). Out of these 8 patients with AS in the study group, 50% had Grade-I AS, 25% had Grade-II AS, while 25% of the patients had Grade-III (severe) AS. However, both patients who developed AS in the control group had a mild type (Grade I) of AS. Conclusion Covering ileostomy increases the chances of AS formation after LAR for rectum carcinoma. Also, the SKIMS Clinical Grading of Rectal Strictures is a simple and handy tool available for every surgeon to grade, classify and monitor the postoperative rectal strictures.

scholarly journals The Impact of Endoscopy Sedation Information Sheets on the Level of Concern Regarding Possible Awareness in Patients Undergoing Endoscopy Sedation

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Zi Ping Tong ◽  
Lincoln Gan Gan Lim ◽  
Alison Pighills ◽  
Matthew Hiskens ◽  
Danny Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Unmet Expectations ◽  
Level Of Concern ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Video Material

Sedation encompasses a continuum from complete unconsciousness to drowsiness and anxiolysis where some awareness might be expected. Most patients undergoing endoscopy sedation expect to be completely unconscious during the procedure and thus have unmet expectations regarding their state of consciousness. This study aimed to evaluate whether endoscopy sedation information sheets reduce the level of concern regarding possible awareness during endoscopy sedation at a major regional hospital. Our findings were that 28.8% of patients who received the endoscopy sedation information sheet (n = 82) were concerned about awareness during the procedure, compared to 36.5% of patients in the control group (n = 105). However, the difference was not statistically significant. We also found that the incidence of awareness was higher (13.9%) in the intervention group compared to 8.8% in the control group but, again, not statistically different. This study allowed us to elucidate the level of concern regarding possible awareness during sedation and the incidence of awareness during endoscopy sedation. This will enable future work investigating the role of endoscopy sedation information methods involving written and video material in assisting pre-procedure patient counselling.

scholarly journals Role of glucose in enhancing life and potency of Cirrhinus mrigala spermatozoa during cryopreservation

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
C. Judith Betsy ◽  
J. Stephen Sampath Kumar ◽  
C. B. T. Rajagopalasamy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cirrhinus Mrigala ◽  
Production Success ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Energy Supplementation ◽  
Score Pattern ◽  
Motility Parameters

Cryopreservation of fish gametes is an emerging technology and breeding with cryopreserved gametes is advancement in fish seed production. Success of cryopreservation is evaluated by the post - thaw motility of the spermatozoa, an for which energy is required. Cryopreservation is known to cause changes in the seminal plasma that would alter the energy supply for the motility of the spermatozoa. Therefore, energy supplementation is found to be useful during cryopreservation. Cirrhinus mrigala spermatozoa were cryopreserved along with glucose as a co-cryoprotectant after 1:100 dilutions with 0.85% physiological saline as extender and Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) as cryoprotectant (85:15). The diluents contained glucose at four different concentrations, viz., T1 (0.25%), T2 (0.5%), T3 (0.75%) and T4 (1%). The diluted milt was equilibrated for 10 min at 5˚ C and loaded into 0.25 ml straws. The loaded straws were then frozen with LN2 vapour for 5 min and immersed in liquid nitrogen. Observations were made once in 7 days for 42 days on motility parameters based on which the duration, score, pattern and percentage were determined. The spermatozoa cryopreserved with glucose at 0.5% concentration showed the highest motility duration of 204±3.6 s whereas Control group showed motility duration of only 83.33± 4.5 s on 42nd day. The difference in motility duration was statistically significant (P>0.025).The present study revealed the benefits of adding glucose a t0.5% during cryopreservation as it could help in maintaining the motility duration and survival of spermatozoa.

scholarly journals Light deprivation related changes of strategy selection in the radial arm maze

2007 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
M Salami
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Systems ◽  
Radial Arm Maze ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strategy Selection ◽  
Female Behavior ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Sex Dependency ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference

During the early postnatal age environmental signals underlie the development of sensory systems. The visual system is considered as an appropriate system to evaluate role of sensory experience in postnatal development of sensory systems. This study was made to assess the effect of visual deprivation on strategy of arm selection in navigation of radial arm maze. Six-week-old light- (LR, control) and dark-reared (DR) rats were trained for correct choices and adjacent arms tasks. Our results showed that both the LR and DR animals equally selected correct arms. In the adjacent arms task, however, the control group significantly outperformed the DR animals. While the LR males and females displayed some differences in performing the tasks, no sex dependency was found in the performance of the DR group. These findings indicate that the lack of visual experience is likely to influence the strategy selection as well as sex differences. Thus the difference in the performance of LR and DR animals seems to be due to the male rather than female behavior.

scholarly journals The Guiding Role of Pharmaceutical Care in the Rational Drug Use of Bronchial Asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Medication Error ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Rational Drug Use ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To investigate the guiding role of pharmaceutical care in the treatment of bronchial asthma. Methods: Eighty patients with bronchial disease admitted to our hospital from November 2008 to December 1818 were enrolled in this research. The computer program was used to generate random numbers. The method was divided into two groups: control group and observation group, 40 cases respectively. 40 patients in the control group were treated with normal medication according to the doctor's advice; 40 patients in the observation group were enrolled in the pharmacological care on the basis of the control group, and the rational drug use was compared between the two groups. Results: The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group and the control group were 5.00% and 17.50%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the incidence of medication error events in the observation group was 7.50%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group, which was 25.00%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The medication errors mainly include improper administration, incorrect dosage, and unscientific administration. Conclusion: The guiding role of pharmaceutical care in bronchial asthma rational drug use can reduce medication error events and ensure rational drug use, which is worthy of popularization in clinical practice.

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