Characterizing Component Activities of Older Adult Sedentary Time by Age, Gender, and Device-Based Sitting Patterns

Abstract The activities that compose older adults’ considerable sedentary time are not well characterized. We described daily time spent in self-reported sedentary activities and explored differences by age, gender, and activPAL sitting patterns. Participants self-reported a total of 10.7 hours of sitting time and spent the most time watching TV (2.6 hrs/day), using the computer (1.7 hrs/day), and reading (1.6 hrs/day). Women spent more time watching TV, engaged in hobbies, and socializing and less time on the computer compared to men. Older participants spent more time watching TV, reading, and participating in group activities and less time on the computer than younger participants. Those with low activPAL sitting time and frequent activPAL sitting breaks (low mean bout duration) ~1 hr /day less watching TV than those with high activPAL sitting time. These findings help illuminate future intervention targets and lay the path to explore associations between different sedentary activities and health.

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A novel behavioural INTErvention to REduce Sitting Time in older adults undergoing orthopaedic surgery (INTEREST): results of a randomised-controlled feasibility study

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-020-01475-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. 2565-2585 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Justin Avery Aunger ◽

Colin J. Greaves ◽

Edward T. Davis ◽

Evans Atiah Asamane ◽

Anna C. Whittaker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Retention Rate ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Basic Psychological Needs ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background Osteoarthritis is a prevalent condition in older adults that causes many patients to require a hip or knee replacement. Reducing patients’ sedentariness prior to surgery may improve physical function and post-operative outcomes. Methods We conducted a pragmatic randomised-controlled feasibility study with 2:1 allocation into intervention or usual care groups. The intervention, based on Self-Determination Theory, involved techniques to reduce sedentary behaviour, including motivational interviewing, setting of behavioural goals, and more. The primary outcome was feasibility, assessed using mixed methods. We included exploratory measures to inform a future definitive trial, such as ActivPal3 accelerometry to measure movement, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Basic Psychological Needs, and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Assessments were at baseline, 1-week pre-surgery, and 6-week post-surgery. Results We recruited 35 participants aged ≥ 60 years approximately 8 weeks before hip or knee arthroplasty. Participant uptake rate was 14.2%, and retention rate 85.7%. Participants were very satisfied with the study which was found to be feasible with some modifications. Exploratory within-group comparisons found that the intervention has potential to improve SPPB by 0.71 points from baseline to pre-surgery, a clinically significant increase, and reduce sedentary time by up to 66 min d−1. Conclusion In this older surgical population, it is feasible to use behavioural techniques to displace sedentary time to activity and to conduct a trial spanning the period of surgical intervention. This may improve physical function and surgical outcomes. The INTEREST intervention is now ready for evaluation in a full-scale randomised-controlled trial. Registration This trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov on 13/11/2018. ID: NCT03740412.

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Reducing Sedentary Time for Obese Older Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.8883 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Dori E Rosenberg ◽

Amy K Lee ◽

Melissa Anderson ◽

Anne Renz ◽

Theresa E Matson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Behavioral Interventions ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Pilot Trial ◽

Self Report ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Future Research ◽

Innovative Strategy ◽

Novel Approaches

BACKGROUND Older adults have high rates of obesity and are prone to chronic health conditions. These conditions are in part due to high rates of sedentary time (ST). As such, reducing ST could be an innovative strategy for improving health outcomes among obese older adults. To test this theory, we developed a novel, technology-enhanced intervention to reduce sitting time (I-STAND) and pilot tested it to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of the intervention on ST and biometric outcomes. OBJECTIVE The current paper aims to describe the rationale, design, and methods of the I-STAND sitting reduction pilot trial. METHODS Older adults with obesity (n=60) were recruited from a large health care system and randomized to receive I-STAND or a healthy living intervention. I-STAND combined personal coaching with a technology-enhanced intervention (Jawbone UP band) to cue breaks from sitting. Participants completed self-report and biometric assessments at baseline and 3 months. Additional qualitative results were collected from a subset of I-STAND participants (n=22) to further inform the feasibility and acceptability of the interventions. The primary outcome was total hours of daily sitting time measured by the activPAL device. Secondary outcomes included sit-to-stand transitions, bouts of sitting longer than 30 minutes, physical function, blood pressure, fasting glucose, cholesterol, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Study enrollment has ended and data processing is underway. CONCLUSIONS Data from randomized trials on sitting reduction are needed to inform novel approaches to health promotion among older adults with obesity. Our trial will help fill this gap. The methods used in our study can guide future research on using technology-based devices to assess or prompt sedentary behavior reduction, or those interested in behavioral interventions targeting obese older adults with novel approaches CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02692560; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02692560 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6wppLTWAl)

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Measurement of Sitting Time in Older Adults With and Without Alzheimer’s Disease

Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour ◽

10.1123/jmpb.2018-0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 70-78

Author(s):

Amber Watts ◽

Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal ◽

Paul Gardiner

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Older Adults ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Early Stage ◽

Living Environment ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Free Living ◽

Physical Limitations

Time spent being sedentary is associated with poorer cognitive function and risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The present study aimed to compare patterns of sitting in a free-living environment among older adults with and without early stage AD who were similar in physical limitations, body mass, and cardiorespiratory capacity. We also compared estimates of sitting patterns between two different monitors (postural and non-postural) with different body placements (thigh-worn vs. hip-worn). Comparing older adults without cognitive impairment to those with early AD, we found that although there was no difference in the total amount of daily sitting time (p = .52), the AD group tended to have longer durations of sitting than those without AD. Inclinometry data from the hip-worn ActiGraph GT3X+ consistently underestimated time spent sitting compared to the thigh worn monitor activPAL™ (hours per day, proportion of waking hours, number of sitting bouts greater than 30 minutes, and duration of sitting bouts). Our results have implications for prevention strategies to reduce sedentary time, which is predominantly sitting, in persons with cognitive impairment and highlight the importance of monitor selection and placement for the accurate assessment of sitting patterns in this population.

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IS PARTICIPATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES RELATED TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY TIME IN ADOLESCENT BOYS AND GIRLS?

Acta kinesiologica ◽

10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.6 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 52-59

Author(s):

Adam Kantanista ◽

Joanna Borowiec

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Education ◽

Screen Time ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Electronic Devices ◽

Effective Strategy ◽

Watching Tv ◽

The Relationship ◽

Sedentary Activities

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between adolescents’ frequency of participation in physical education and physical activity and their amount of screen time. The study included 1,502 girls and 1,379 boys aged 14–16 years. We measured the participants’ frequency of participation in physical education classes, physical activity, and sedentary behavior by means of a questionnaire-based survey. We found that participation in physical education classes was associated with higher levels of physical activity in boys and girls, less time spent on electronic devices in both genders, and less time devoted to watching TV in girls. Girls participated in physical education classes more often, had lower levels of physical activity, and spent less time on sedentary activities than boys. In conclusion, increasing the frequency of participation in physical education classes may be an effective strategy for reducing physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles in adolescents.

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Agreement of Sedentary Behavior Metrics Derived From Hip- and Thigh-Worn Accelerometers Among Older Adults: With Implications for Studying Physical and Cognitive Health

Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour ◽

10.1123/jmpb.2020-0036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 79-88

Author(s):

John Bellettiere ◽

Fatima Tuz-Zahra ◽

Jordan A. Carlson ◽

Nicola D. Ridgers ◽

Sandy Liles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Cognitive Health ◽

Bout Duration ◽

Breaks In Sedentary Time ◽

Pearson Correlations

Little is known about how sedentary behavior (SB) metrics derived from hip- and thigh-worn accelerometers agree for older adults. Thigh-worn activPAL (AP) micro monitors were concurrently worn with hip-worn ActiGraph (AG) GT3X+ accelerometers (with SB measured using the 100 counts per minute [cpm] cut point; AG100cpm) by 953 older adults (age 77 ± 6.6, 54% women) for 4–7 days. Device agreement for sedentary time and five SB pattern metrics was assessed using mean error and correlations. Logistic regression tested associations with four health outcomes using standardized (i.e., z scores) and unstandardized SB metrics. Mean errors (AP − AG100cpm) and 95% limits of agreement were: sedentary time −54.7 [−223.4, 113.9] min/day; time in 30+ min bouts 77.6 [−74.8, 230.1] min/day; mean bout duration 5.9 [0.5, 11.4] min; usual bout duration 15.2 [0.4, 30] min; breaks in sedentary time −35.4 [−63.1, −7.6] breaks/day; and alpha −.5 [−.6, −.4]. Respective Pearson correlations were: .66, .78, .73, .79, .51, and .40. Concordance correlations were: .57, .67, .40, .50, .14, and .02. The statistical significance and direction of associations were identical for AG100cpm and AP metrics in 46 of 48 tests, though significant differences in the magnitude of odds ratios were observed among 13 of 24 tests for unstandardized and five of 24 for standardized SB metrics. Caution is needed when interpreting SB metrics and associations with health from AG100cpm due to the tendency for it to overestimate breaks in sedentary time relative to AP. However, high correlations between AP and AG100cpm measures and similar standardized associations with health outcomes suggest that studies using AG100cpm are useful, though not ideal, for studying SB in older adults.

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Are Older Adults without a Healthy Diet Less Physically Active and More Sedentary?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11051119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1119 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽

Ru Rutherford ◽

Yi-Hsuan Huang ◽

Hung-Yu Chang Chien ◽

Chia-Hui Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Healthy Diet ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Time Duration ◽

Sedentary Breaks ◽

Sedentary Bouts ◽

Objectively Measured

Few studies on older populations consider several energy balance-related behaviors together. This cross-sectional study compared subjectively and objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) patterns between older adults with and without a healthy diet. We recruited 127 community-dwelling older Taiwanese adults (69.9 ± 5.0 years); data were collected during April and September 2018. Objectively measured total PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, light PA, step count, total sedentary time, duration of sedentary bouts, number of sedentary bouts, and number of sedentary breaks were assessed using activity monitors. Subjectively measured PA and SB were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire for Older Adults. Chi-square tests and independent sample t-tests were performed. For subjective measures, older adults without a healthy diet spent significantly less total leisure time on PA and more leisure sitting time than those with a healthy diet. For objective measures, older adults without a healthy diet spent less time on light PA and had a higher total sedentary time, duration of sedentary bouts, times of sedentary bouts, and times of sedentary breaks than those with a healthy diet. Regardless of the use of objective or subjective measurements, older adults without a healthy diet engaged in a more inactive and sedentary lifestyle. These findings have implications for health promotion practitioners in designing tailored interventions.

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Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Patterns Prior to and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.1307 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 339-339

Author(s):

Nancy Gell ◽

Dori Rosenberg ◽

John Bellettiere

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Epidemiologic Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Aging And Health ◽

Reported Data

Abstract Understanding patterns in the types of activities older adults engage in during physical activity and sedentary time could help shape intervention designs. Few studies have adequately described the physical activity and sedentary pursuits older adults undertake, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. To answer these questions, this symposium uses data from three recent studies: Adult Changes in Thought (ACT),an epidemiologic study with self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity and sedentary time including time spent in various domains of activity; Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease Health in Older Women (OPACH), an epidemiologic study with device and self-report measures of sedentary behavior; and an ongoing clinical trial, the Healthy Aging Resources to Thrive (HART) study with device and self-reported data on sitting time and patterns as well as physical activity. The first session in this symposium will present a description of the rates of meeting the aerobic, strength, and balance recommendations among older adults in the ACT study. Next, we will have a presentation describing sedentary activities in older adults by age, sex and device-based sitting patterns in the ACT study. In the third presentation we will use OPACH data to examine patterns and context of sedentary in relation to aging-related outcomes. Finally, we will describe changes in physical activity and sedentary time in the HART trial in the cohort enrolled prior to the COVID-19 pandemic vs. those enrolled during the pandemic. Our Discussant will provide new insights on the roles of sedentary behavior and physical activity in aging and health.

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Effectiveness of interventions for reducing non-occupational sedentary behaviour in adults and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2017-098270 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (19) ◽

pp. 1206-1213 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Nipun Shrestha ◽

Jozo Grgic ◽

Glen Wiesner ◽

Alexandra Parker ◽

Hrvoje Podnar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Medium Term ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Or Education ◽

High Quality Research

BackgroundNo systematic reviews of the effectiveness of interventions for reducing non-occupational sedentary behaviour are available. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of interventions for reducing non-occupational sedentary behaviour in adults and older adults.MethodsAn electronic search of nine databases was performed. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) and cluster RCTs among adults testing the effectiveness of interventions aimed to reduce non-occupational sedentary behaviour were considered for inclusion. Two review authors independently screened studies for eligibility, completed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias.ResultsNineteen studies that evaluated multicomponent lifestyle interventions, counselling or education, television (TV) control devices and workplace interventions were included. Evidence from the meta-analyses suggested that interventions can reduce leisure sitting time in adults in the medium term (−30 min/day; 95% CI −58 to –2), and TV viewing in the short term (−61 min/day; 95% CI −79 to –43) and medium term (−11 min/day; 95% CI −20 to –2). No significant pooled effects were found for transport sitting time, leisure-time computer use and longer term outcomes. No evidence was available on the effectiveness of interventions for reducing non-occupational sedentary time in older adults.ConclusionsThe findings of this systematic review suggest the interventions may be effective in reducing non-occupational sedentary behaviour in the short to medium term in adults. However, no significant effect was found on longer term outcomes. The quality of evidence was, however, low to very low. No evidence was available on the effectiveness of non-occupational interventions on reducing sedentary time in older adults. Further high-quality research with larger samples is warranted.

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Accelerometer-Measured Sedentary and Physical Activity Time and Their Correlates in European Older Adults: The SITLESS Study

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (9) ◽

pp. 1754-1762 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria Giné-Garriga ◽

Oriol Sansano-Nadal ◽

Mark A Tully ◽

Paolo Caserotti ◽

Laura Coll-Planas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Fixed Effects Regression ◽

Context Specific

Abstract Background Sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) are important determinants of health in older adults. This study aimed to describe the composition of accelerometer-measured SB and PA in older adults, to explore self-reported context-specific SB, and to assess sociodemographic and functional correlates of engaging in higher levels of SB in participants of a multicenter study including four European countries. Method One thousand three hundred and sixty community-dwelling older adults from the SITLESS study (61.8% women; 75.3 ± 6.3 years) completed a self-reported SB questionnaire and wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for 7 days. Accelerometer-determined compositional descriptive statistics were calculated. A fixed-effects regression analysis was conducted to assess the sociodemographic (country, age, sex, civil status, education, and medications) and functional (body mass index and gait speed) correlates. Results Older adults spent 78.8% of waking time in SB, 18.6% in light-intensity PA, and 2.6% in moderate-to-vigorous PA. Accelerometry showed that women engaged in more light-intensity PA and walking and men engaged in higher amounts of moderate-to-vigorous PA. Watching television and reading accounted for 47.2% of waking time. Older age, being a man, single, taking more medications, being obese and overweight, and having a slower gait speed were statistically significant correlates of more sedentary time. Conclusions The high amount of SB of our participants justifies the need to develop and evaluate interventions to reduce sitting time. A clinically relevant change in gait speed can decrease almost 0.45 percentage points of sedentary time. The distribution of context-specific sedentary activities by country and sex showed minor differences, albeit worth noting.

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Talk or Walk? Gait Speed over Self-Report in Association with Cognitive Speed in Healthy Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 41-52

Author(s):

Matthew C. Costello ◽

Shane J. Sizemore ◽

Kimberly E. O’Brien ◽

Lydia K. Manning

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Older Adult ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Report ◽

Subjective Report ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Relative Value ◽

Cognitive Speed ◽

Age Range

Abstract. This study explores the relative value of both subjectively reported cognitive speed and gait speed in association with objectively derived cognitive speed. It also explores how these factors are affected by psychological and physical well-being. A group of 90 cognitively healthy older adults ( M = 73.38, SD = 8.06 years, range = 60–89 years) were tested in a three-task cognitive battery to determine objective cognitive speed as well as measures of gait speed, well-being, and subjective cognitive speed. Analyses indicated that gait speed was associated with objective cognitive speed to a greater degree than was subjective report, the latter being more closely related to well-being than to objective cognitive speed. These results were largely invariant across the 30-year age range of our older adult sample.

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