scholarly journals Age and Gender Differences in Long-Term Exercise Behavior for Older Adults with Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 899-899
Author(s):  
Helen Graham ◽  
Yuki Asakura ◽  
Kathy Prue-Owens
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Exercise Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Exercise decreases mortality and hospital admissions. Exercise adherence is challenging, and little is known about exercise adherence especially in older adults with heart disease. To gain an understanding of long-term exercise behaviors in older adults we conducted a cross-sectional study of individuals diagnosed between 2016-2020 with myocardial infarction (MI)/angina. Emails were sent in 2020 to recruit participants. Exercise adherence was measured using the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS), Godin’s Leisure-Time Activity Scale (GLTEQ) for exercise intensity, and self-report for impact of COVID-19. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to analyze data. Eight-hundred and seven individuals (x ̅ age 67.3) responded to the on-line survey. The majority were males (68.8%), married, (68.9%), and retired (59.3%). Co-morbidities included hypertension (32%), hyperlipidemia (21%), diabetes (12%), and depression (6.2%). Long-term exercise behaviors were independently observed in participants ≥65yr (n=526) and <65yr (n=281). Females ≥65yo demonstrated higher exercise adherence scores compared with males ≥65yo (1.66 ± 1.1 vs. 1.30 ± 21.7; t = -2.59, p=.010). Conversely, males scored higher in exercise intensity (34.4 ± 24.7 vs. 22.6 ± 21.7; t = 3.84, p=.000). Gender related exercise adherence and exercise intensity did not differ significantly in <65yo (p=.278 & p=.282, respectively). Exercise frequency decreased in both age groups after COVID-19 Pandemic started, however the decrease was significant only in older adults (p=.014) indicating they were at greater risk for exercise problems when faced with environmental barriers. Additional research is recommended as to the impact of environmental factors on exercise adherence in older adults and potential interventions.

scholarly journals The Impact of Function Focused Care From Acute Care to Home Care and Nursing Homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 629-629
Author(s):  
Silke Metzelthin ◽  
Sandra Zwakhalen ◽  
Barbara Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Functional decline in older adults often lead towards acute or long-term care. In practice, caregivers often focus on completion of care tasks and of prevention of injuries from falls. This task based, safety approach inadvertently results in fewer opportunities for older adults to be actively involved in activities. Further deconditioning and functional decline are common consequences of this inactivity. To prevent or postpone these consequences Function Focused Care (FFC) was developed meaning that caregivers adapt their level of assistance to the capabilities of older adults and stimulate them to do as much as possible by themselves. FFC was first implemented in institutionalized long-term care in the US, but has spread rapidly to other settings (e.g. acute care), target groups (e.g. people with dementia) and countries (e.g. the Netherlands). During this symposium, four presenters from the US and the Netherlands talk about the impact of FFC. The first presentation is about the results of a stepped wedge cluster trial showing a tendency to improve activities of daily living and mobility. The second presentation is about a FFC training program. FFC was feasible to implement in home care and professionals experienced positive changes in knowledge, attitude, skills and support. The next presenter reports about significant improvements regarding time spent in physical activity and a decrease in resistiveness to care in a cluster randomized controlled trial among nursing home residents with dementia. The fourth speaker presents the content and first results of a training program to implement FFC in nursing homes. Nursing Care of Older Adults Interest Group Sponsored Symposium

The Impact of Personality Disorders on Longitudinal Change in Relationship Satisfaction in Long-Term Married Couples

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. South ◽  
Michael J. Boudreaux ◽  
Thomas F. Oltmanns
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
The Impact

Personality disorders (PDs) are significantly, negatively related to marital satisfaction. We examine how maladaptive personality is related to change in marital satisfaction over time utilizing data from the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN), a longitudinal, community-based study of personality and health in older adults. Participants were assessed at baseline for PD (self-report, informant-report, and structured interview); self- and spouse-reported relationship satisfaction assessed at baseline and five follow-ups was analyzed with latent growth curve modeling. Higher levels of PD at baseline were associated with lower self and spouse relationship satisfaction at baseline. On average, satisfaction did not change significantly over the study period, but there was significant individual variability. Higher levels of schizoid PD were protective of declines in partner's perception of satisfaction. Findings suggest that partners in long-term married unions may have adapted to the presence of their own or their spouse's level of personality pathology.

Tracking Older Participants of Twelve Physical Activity Classes Over a Three-Year Period

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Ecclestone ◽  
Anita M. Myers ◽  
Donald H. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Attendance Rate ◽  
Longitudinal Tracking ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Program Adherence ◽  
Exercise Classes ◽  
Physical Activity Classes

The Centre for Activity and Ageing offers multiple physical activity programs for the general public of older adults. Using a database of 670 registrants, we tracked 541 individuals in 12 programs at the same location over a 3-year period (1992-1995). We found program differences in gender and age mix, attendance patterns, and long-term adherence. Overall, we found a 68% attendance rate and adherence rates of 59%, 51%, and 43% at 6 months, 12 months, and 36 months, respectively. About 21% of participants tried out or transferred between programs during the tracking period, and these individuals were significantly more likely to remain at the center over 3 years. Longitudinal tracking demonstrates that program adherence is not necessarily the same as exercise adherence: older adults leave, rejoin, and switch exercise classes as their commitments and interests change. We project that 50% or more of older adults joining community programs will be long-term adherents to exercise.

scholarly journals Effects of Reallocating Time Spent in Different Physical Activity Intensities on Sarcopenia Risk in Older Adults: An Isotemporal Substitution Analysis

Biology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Jort Veen ◽  
Diego Montiel-Rojas ◽  
Fawzi Kadi ◽  
Andreas Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Muscle Health ◽  
The Impact

The role of daily time spent sedentary and in different intensities of physical activity (PA) for the maintenance of muscle health currently remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the impact of reallocating time spent in different PA intensities on sarcopenia risk in older adults, while considering PA type (muscle strengthening activities, MSA) and protein intake. In a sample of 235 community-dwelling older adults (65–70 years), a sarcopenia risk score (SRS) was created based on muscle mass assessed by bioimpedance, together with handgrip strength and performance on the five times sit-to-stand (5-STS) test assessed by standardized procedures. Time spent in light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and being sedentary was assessed by accelerometry, and PA type (MSA) by self-report. Linear regression models based on isotemporal substitution were employed. Reallocating sedentary time to at least LPA was significantly (p < 0.05) related to a lower SRS, which remained evident after adjustment by PA type (MSA) and protein intake. Similarly, reallocating time in LPA by MVPA was related to a significantly (p < 0.05) lower SRS. Our results emphasize the importance of displacing sedentary behaviours for more active pursuits, where PA of even light intensities may alleviate age-related deteriorations of muscle health in older adults.

Determining the Long-Term Effectiveness of a Group-Based Physical Activity Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-408
Author(s):  
Anamica Batra ◽  
Richard C. Palmer ◽  
Elena Bastida ◽  
H. Virginia McCoy ◽  
Hafiz M. R. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Evidence Based Programs ◽  
The Impact

Objective. In 2015, only half (48%) of older adults in the United States (≥60 years) reported engaging in any kind of physical activity. Few studies examine the impact of evidence-based programs when adopted in community-based settings. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of EnhanceFitness (EF) upto 12-months. Method. EF was offered to older adults in South Florida. A total of 222 EF classes were offered between October 2008 and December 2014. Program consisted of a 1-hour session held three times a week. Even though participation was required for 4 months, 1,295 participants continued the program for at least 1 year. Results. All participants showed significant improvement in outcome measures. A mean change of 1.5, 1.7, and 1.9 was seen in number of chair stands at 4, 8, and 12 months (p < .001), respectively. The number of arm curls performed improved from 16.8 at baseline to 18.8, 18.8, and 19.2 at 4-, 8-, and 12-months, respectively. Participants improved their up-and-go time by decreasing from 9.1 (baseline) to 8.7 (4 months) to 8.6 (12 months; p = .001). Discussion. Randomized controlled trials are commonly used to determine the efficacy of an intervention. These interventions when disseminated at the population level have the potential to benefit large masses. EF is currently offered at more than 700 locations. This tremendous success of EF brings attention to an important question of continuous monitoring of these programs to ensure program consistency and intended outcomes. The model used by the Healthy Aging Regional Collaborative could be replicated by other communities.

scholarly journals 0135 Self-Reported Sleep and Gut Microbiome Composition and Diversity: Associations in Well-Functioning Older Adults

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A53-A53
Author(s):  
C Holingue ◽  
N T Mueller ◽  
T Tanaka ◽  
M K Differding ◽  
C W Chia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Introduction The gut microbiome is believed to play an important role in health and disease, yet little is known about the link between sleep and the gut microbiome in humans. We investigated the association of self-reported sleep with gut microbiome composition and diversity in a cohort of well-functioning older adults. Methods We studied 791 participants (mean age = 71.5±12.0 years, 55% women) in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging with self-report sleep measures and whole-genome DNA sequencing of stool samples. Predictors (modeled as continuous variables) included insomnia symptoms from the Women’s Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale (WHIIRS), sleep duration (&lt;5, 5–6, 6–7, &gt;7 hours), and frequency of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). We tested their association with gut microbiome diversity (Shannon index) and relative abundance of individual taxa using Kendall Tau Correlation. Next, we assessed whether these sleep variables were associated with overall microbiome structure (Bray-Curtis), adjusting for age, sex, race, education, BMI, depressive symptoms, and number of comorbidities. Results Sleep duration was associated with overall microbiome composition (p&lt;0.01), with longer sleep duration associated with lower biodiversity of microbes in the gut (p&lt;0.05). In phylum-level analyses, higher WHIIRS total (i.e., more severe insomnia) was associated with lower relative abundance of Actinobacteria, while more frequent EDS was associated with lower relative abundance of Fusobacteria. More frequent trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, early waking, poorer sleep quality and higher WHIIRS total were associated with lower abundance of Synergistetes (all p&lt;0.05). Conclusion In well-functioning older adults, self-reported sleep duration, symptoms of insomnia, and EDS were associated with microbiome diversity and composition. The phylum Synergistetes, which has been associated with protective humoral immune response in prior literature, may be an important correlate of insomnia symptoms in older adults. Future investigations are needed to examine the gut microbiome as a driver or mediator of sleep-health associations. Support This study was supported in part by National Institute on Aging (NIA) grant R01AG050507, the NIA Intramural Research Program (IRP), and Research and Development Contract HHSN-260-2004-00012C.

scholarly journals Developing Predictors of Long-Term Adherence to Exercise Among Older Veterans and Spouses

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1159-1162
Author(s):  
Candace S. Brown ◽  
Richard Sloane ◽  
Miriam C. Morey
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Change Theory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Inclement Weather ◽  
Behavior Change Theory

Behavior change theory was used to explore predictors of long-term adherence (≥2 years) to exercise. A retrospective analysis of data from participants ( N = 97) who reached a 6-month follow-up, which served as the baseline, was evaluated for completion of yearly follow-up surveys. Variables examined at baseline, which included age, race, gender, body mass index (BMI), and self-report of comorbidities, symptoms, physical function, and a Barriers Specific Self-Efficacy Scale, were examined with significance set at p < .05. Lower BMI (29.1 ± 5.1 vs. 31.6 ± 6.5, p = .047) and higher self-efficacy to overcome environmental barriers ( p = .016) and social isolation ( p = .05) were associated with long-term adherence. Self-efficacy to overcome environmental and social barriers, such as inclement weather, access to exercise site, and opportunities for group-based exercise, should be addressed to promote long-term adherence to exercise among older adults.

Acceptance and Feasibility of Seated Elliptical Pedaling to Replace Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 844-853
Author(s):  
Nicholas L. Lerma ◽  
Chi C. Cho ◽  
Ann M. Swartz ◽  
Hotaka Maeda ◽  
Young Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Activity Monitor ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility and acceptability of a seated pedaling device to reduce sedentary behavior (SB) in the homes of older adults. Methods: Each participant (N = 20) was outfitted with an activity monitor and seated pedaling device in the home for 7 days and randomly assigned to one of four light-intensity pedaling groups (15, 30, 45, and 60 min/day). Results: There was 100% adherence in all groups and significant group differences in the minutes pedaled per day (p < .001), with no significant difference in the total pedaling days completed (p = .241). The 15-, 30-, 45-, and 60-min groups experienced a 4.0%, 5.4%, 10.6%, and 11.3% reduction in SB on the days pedaled, respectively. Conclusion: Clinically relevant reductions in SB time were achievable in this 1-week trial. Long-term adherence and the impact of replacing SB with seated light activities on geriatric-relevant health outcomes should be investigated.

scholarly journals EXAMINING GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RELIGIOUS INVOLVEMENT AND DEPRESSION IN LATER LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S525-S525
Author(s):  
Hailey J Santiago ◽  
Caitlin Curtin ◽  
Julia Stengel ◽  
Edward H Thompson ◽  
Andrew Futterman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Religious Participation ◽  
Religious Motivation ◽  
Male And Female

Abstract This study examines gender differences in a causal model of religious motivation, religious participation and depression. Using a random sample of 287 community-dwelling older adults living in Worcester, MA, the model hypothesizes that motivations for religious involvement (intrinsic vs. extrinsic) differentially predict religious participation (organizational and non-organizational) as well as depression at both initial and 12-month assessments. In this model, participation also mediates direct relationships between religious motivation and depression. Religious motivation and participation are assessed using standard measures (e.g., Allport & Ross, 1967; Ainlay & Smith, 1982), and depression is assessed both by self-report (CESD and by interview (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression derived from the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, SADS). Using MPlus, confirmatory analyses of the model were conducted separately in male and female samples. The model which includes both direct effects of religious motivation and participation on depression and with religious participation as mediating variable demonstrated reasonably good fit to the data in both male and female samples (e.g., CFI=.956 and .943, respectively). Consistent with previous research (e.g., McFarland, 2009), gender differences in the models emerge. For example, men report higher levels of religious participation and less depression than women. In addition, older men demonstrate stronger positive associations between extrinsic religiousness and organizational participation and a more negative association between extrinsic religiousness and depression, than older women. Elucidating the structural relationships among religious orientation, religious participation, and depression in older adults benefits our understanding of vulnerability and treatment of depression in this population.

scholarly journals Places of living and places of dying: the case for preventing suicide in residential long-term care

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Briony Jain ◽  
Viktoryia Kalesnikava ◽  
Joseph E. Ibrahim ◽  
Briana Mezuk
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Residential Long Term Care

Abstract This commentary addresses the increasing public health problem of suicide in later life and presents the case for preventing suicide in residential long-term care settings. We do so by examining this issue from the perspective of three levels of stakeholders – societal, organisational and individual – considering the relevant context, barriers and implications of each. We begin by discussing contemporary societal perspectives of ageing; the potential impact of ageism on prevention of late-life suicide; and the roles of gender and masculinity. This is followed by a historical analysis of the origin of residential long-term care; current organisational challenges; and person-centred care as a suicide prevention strategy. Finally, we consider suicide in long-term care from the perspective of individuals, including the experience of older adults living in residential care settings; the impact of suicide on residential care health professionals and other staff; and the impact of suicide bereavement on family, friends and other residents. We conclude with recommendations for policy reform and future research. This commentary aims to confront the often unspoken bias associated with preventing suicide among older adults, particularly those living with complex medical conditions, and invoke an open dialogue about suicide prevention in this population and setting.

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