scholarly journals A COMMUNITY-BASED INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN RURAL APPALACHIAN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S553-S553
Author(s):  
Benjamin Katz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Adult Day Services ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Day Services

Abstract Research suggests that social isolation in Appalachian older adults may be associated with reduced cognitive function. Despite this, few interventions for these individuals incorporate both social and cognitive components in a community-based setting. The “Memory Masterclass” program was developed to address this care challenge, and implemented through an Adult Day Services Center. With 29 community-dwelling older adult participants from western Virginia, the six-week pilot program focused on strategies and practices associated with improving long-term memory or executive function. In addition to the lifestyle-focused curricula, the course included group activities focused on connecting participants to community networks of resources that might enable them to successfully implement lifestyle changes. Findings support the feasibility of implementation with a wider group of rural Appalachian older adults and suggest that individual differences in self-reported memory may be closely tied to improvements following the program.

scholarly journals Do Communication Patterns Affect the Association between Cognitive Impairment and Hearing Loss among Older Adults in Vietnam?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1603
Author(s):  
Tran Dai Tri Han ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Kaoruko Seino ◽  
Vo Nu Hong Duc ◽  
Thang Van Vo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study examined the prevalence of cognitive impairment among older adults in central Vietnam and the roles of communication (with or without communication devices) in the association between cognitive impairment and hearing loss. This cross-sectional study was performed on 725 randomly selected community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years from Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. Participants attended a face-to-face survey. Sociodemographic characteristics, social interaction with or without communication devices, health status and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination were reported. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to quantify the association between hearing loss and cognitive function by frequency of communication with and without devices. Mild and severe cognitive impairment had prevalence rates of 23.6% and 19.3%, respectively. Cognitive impairment was more prevalent among older adults with hearing-loss, vision loss and difficulties with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment was not significant when older adults had frequent communication with others using devices. This study presented the relatively high prevalence of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Vietnam. Frequent communication using devices attenuated the association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Older Adults’ Subjective Well-being Following an Exergame Intervention “Bandit the Dolphin”: Focus Group Findings

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 169-170
Author(s):  
Brittany Drazich ◽  
Breanna Crane ◽  
Kyle Moored ◽  
Karl Shieh ◽  
Janiece Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Adult Participants

Abstract Due to generational mental illness stigma and under diagnosis of mental illness, older adults do not always receive the mental health help that they need. One unique technology that has the potential to improve mood in older adults is exergames, or exercise video games. The objective of this sub-study (main study: Stimulation With Intricate Movements “SWIM” Study) was to explore older adults’ mood following an exergame intervention called “Bandit the Dolphin,” created by the Johns Hopkins KATA Studio. Researchers conducted three focus groups with 14 community-dwelling older adult participants who took part in the SWIM Study exergame intervention. The semi-structured focus groups were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using deductive and inductive techniques described by Ray Maietta’s “sort and sift, think and shift” method. Three themes related to playing “Bandit the Dolphin” and mood emerged. First, participants described their perceived association between activity and mood. Participants felt that both active and passive activities, “Bandit the Dolphin” and otherwise, improved their mood through the “fun” factor, and through feelings of achievement. Second, the participants described that the competition and frustration of playing “Bandit the Dolphin” increased eventual feelings of achievement. Third, participants described how feelings of immersion, or being absorbed in the game, helped them forget their other life concerns. These findings provide a better understanding of older adults’ perceived relationship between an exergame intervention, “Bandit the Dolphin,” and short-term improved mood. Future health and engineering researchers should explore exergames as a potential tool to improve the mental health of older adults.

Accelerated Epigenetic Age in Normal Cognitive Aging of Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042098389
Author(s):  
Jongmin Park ◽  
Chang Won Won ◽  
Leorey N. Saligan ◽  
Youn-Jung Kim ◽  
Yoonju Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Epigenetic Age ◽  
Epigenetic Age Acceleration ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Epigenetic age acceleration has been studied as a promising biomarker of age-related conditions, including cognitive aging. This pilot study aims to explore potential cognitive aging-related biomarkers by investigating the relationship of epigenetic age acceleration and cognitive function and by examining the epigenetic age acceleration differences between successful cognitive aging (SCA) and normal cognitive aging (NCA) among Korean community-dwelling older adults (CDOAs). Methods: We used data and blood samples of Korean CDOAs from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. The participants were classified into two groups, SCA (above the 50th percentile in all domains of cognitive function) and NCA. The genome-wide DNA methylation profiling array using Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip was used to calculate the following: the DNA methylation age, universal epigenetic age acceleration, intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA), and extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (EEAA). We also used Pearson correlation analysis and independent t-tests to analyze the data. Results: Universal age acceleration correlated with the Frontal Assessment Battery test results ( r = −0.42, p = 0.025); the EEAA correlated with the Word List Recognition test results ( r = −0.41, p = 0.027). There was a significant difference between SCA and NCA groups in IEAA ( p = 0.041, Cohen’s d = 0.82) and EEAA ( p = 0.042, Cohen’s d = 0.78). Conclusions: Epigenetic age acceleration can be used as a biomarker for early detection of cognitive decline in Korean community-dwelling older adults. Large longitudinal studies are warranted.

scholarly journals Long-term participation in community group exercise improves lower extremity muscle strength and delays age-related declines in walking speed and physical function in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Hayashi ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Tadashi Okano ◽  
Hiromitsu Toyoda ◽  
Sonoe Mashino
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background The effects of group exercise on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults remain unclear. The changes in lower extremity muscle strength, timed up and go (TUG) time, and the motor fitness scale (MFS), over time, among older adults who expressed a willingness to participate in community-based physical exercise groups, were determined using multilevel modelling. Methods We analyzed data of 2407 older adults between April 2010 and December 2019 from the registry of physical tests of community-based physical exercise groups. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the effect of physical exercise on lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores. The durations of the exercises were evaluated by frequency of physical test’s participate. Results A deterioration in lower extremity muscle strength was found in the short-term participant group only. However, in the mid-term and long-term participation groups, lower extremity muscle strength showed a trend of improvement. The TUG time and the MFS score were negatively correlated with increasing age in both groups divided by the duration of participation. However, there was a slower rate of deterioration in the long-term participation group. Discussion Lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores decline with increasing age and there were differences in the slope of deterioration that depended on the duration of participation in community-based group exercise. Conclusion Participation in group exercise improved lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores of older adults living in a community. The positive effects of group exercise were dependent on long-term participation.

Widowhood Status and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Barragán-García ◽  
Ricardo Ramírez-Aldana ◽  
Mariana López-Ortega ◽  
Sergio Sánchez-García ◽  
Carmen García-Peña
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals The Role of Daily Social Interactions in Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 598-598
Author(s):  
Ruixue Zhaoyang ◽  
Stacey Scott ◽  
Eric Cerino ◽  
Martin Sliwinski
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Normal Cognitive Function ◽  
Social Markers

Abstract Social relationships play an important role in cognitive health and aging. However, it is unclear how older adult’s cognitive function affects their everyday social interactions, especially for those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study examined whether older adults with intact cognition vs. MCI differed in their daily social interactions. Community-dwelling older adults from the Einstein Aging Study (N=244, 70-91 yrs) reported their social interactions five times daily for 14 consecutive days using smartphones. Compared to those with normal cognitive function, older adults with MCI reported less frequent positive social interactions (p=0.012) and in-person social activities (p=0.006) on a daily basis. These two groups, however, did not show significant differences in their social relationships assessed by a conventional global questionnaire. The results support that, relative to global social relationships, daily social interactions are more sensitive, ecologically valid social markers that can facilitate the early detection of MCI.

scholarly journals Effects of masticatory exercise on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Tae-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Digit Span Test ◽  
Span Test ◽  
Test Digit

BACKGROUND: Mastication improves cognitive function by activating cerebral cortical activity, and it is important to demonstrate the cognitive effects of masticatory training using a variety of different interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of masticatory exercise on cognitive function in healthy older adults living in the community. METHODS: For six weeks, twelve participants performed a masticatory exercise using a NOSICK exerciser device, and thirteen subjects performed daily life without masticatory exercises. Trail Making Test, Digit Span Test, and Stroop test were used to measure the cognitive function. RESULTS: The participants in the experimental group showed significant improvements in TMT-A/B (p= 0.001 and 0.004), DST-forward (p= 0.001), and ST-word (p= 0.001). The effect sizes after the intervention were calculated as (1.2 and 0.8) for TMT-A/B, (0.8 and 0.2) for Digit Span Test forward/backward, and (0.6 and 0.2) for Stroop test color/word. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the masticatory exercises improve cognitive function in healthy older adults. Therefore, masticatory exercises can be used as a therapeutic exercise during cognitive rehabilitation.

Abstract P014: Lower eGFR and Proteinuria Were Independently Associated With Lower Cognitive Abilities in Community-dwelling Men in Japan: SESSA study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Takayoshi Ohkubo ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Akihiko Shiino ◽  
Naoko Miyagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Lower Egfr ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: The relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cognitive function remains to be determined. Existing studies focused primarily on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) but not proteinuria in relation to cognitive function. Hypothesis: In a community-based sample, lower eGFR and presence of proteinuria are cross-sectionally independently associated with lower cognition. Methods: The Shiga Epidemiological Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis (SESSA) randomly recruited and examined participants from Shiga, Japan in 2006-08 at baseline. Among 824 male participants in the follow-up exam (2010-12), we restricted our analyses to those who underwent the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), age ≥65 years-old, free of stroke, with no missing pertinent covariates. We calculated eGFR (creatinine-based) according to the 2012-guideline by the Japanese Society of Nephrology. We then divided the participants into three groups by eGFR of ≥60, 59-40, and <40 (mL/min/1.73m 2 ), and separately divided into three groups according to proteinuria using urine dipstick: (-), (-/+), and ≥(1+). We defined CKD as either eGFR <60 or proteinuria ≥ (-/+). In linear regression with CASI score being a dependent variable, we computed the score adjusted for age, highest education attained, smoking, drinking, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Results: We analyzed 541 men. The mean [standard deviation] of age and unadjusted score were 72.6 [4.3] years and 89.7 [6.0]. Prevalence of CKD was 56%. The score was significantly lower in participants with CKD than those without it (P=0.03). eGFR and proteinuria categories were separately and jointly associated with lower CASI score in a graded fashion (Ps for trend <0.05 in all the models tested. Table 1 ). Conclusions: Lower eGFR and higher degree of proteinuria were independently associated with lower cognitive function in the community-based men. CKD even in its early phase may predispose to lower cognitive function.

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