O-215 How common is add-on use and how do patients decide whether to use them? A national survey of IVF patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Lensen ◽  
K Hammarberg ◽  
A Polyakov ◽  
J Wilkinson ◽  
S Whyte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Oocyte Donation ◽  
Patient Recall ◽  
Effectiveness Factors ◽  
Ivf Failure ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Registration Number

Abstract Study question How common is IVF add-on use in Australia, and what drives the use? Summary answer Most women (82%) had used one or more IVF add-ons and more than half (54%) first learned about the add-ons from their fertility specialist. What is known already IVF add-ons are procedures, techniques or medicines which may be considered nonessential to IVF, usually used in attempts to improve the probability of conception and live birth. Despite widespread concern about unproven IVF add-ons, information about the prevalence of their use is limited because these data are not available in national registries or datasets. Study design, size, duration Women who had undergone IVF in Australia since 2017 were recruited via social media. Women were excluded if they were gestational surrogates, had used a surrogate, or underwent IVF for oocyte donation or elective oocyte cryopreservation only. Eligible women completed an online survey which was open from 21st June to 14th July 2020. Participants/materials, setting, methods Survey questions included demographics, IVF and medical history, and questions specifically about IVF add-ons such as: the type of add-ons used, information sources consulted, and where participants first heard about add-ons. Women also responded to questions about the importance of scientific evidence regarding safety and effectiveness, factors considered in decision-making around add-on use and the presence of any decision regret. Main results and the role of chance A total of 1,590 responses were analyzed after excluding 287 ineligible responses. Participants were generally representative of women who undergo IVF in Australia in terms of age, indication for IVF, and use of ICSI for fertilisation. Most women had used at least one add-on (82%), and these were usually associated with an additional fee (72%). It was most common to first learn about IVF add-ons from the fertility specialist (54%), and most women reported that they and their specialist contributed equally to the decision to use add-ons. Women viewed scientific evidence for safety and effectiveness as very important on a scale from 0-100, an importance score over 90 was selected by more than half of the participants. Additionally, many (49%) assumed that add-ons were risk-free. Most women experienced regret at the decision to use IVF add-ons (66%), and this regret was greatest among women who experienced IVF failure when using add-ons (83%) and those who believed that the specialist drove the decision to use the add-ons (75%). Limitations, reasons for caution This was a retrospective survey of IVF patients, therefore it may suffer from bias due to patient recall. It does not consider the perspective of the IVF clinic or fertility specialist. Certain questions may be more prone to biased responses, such as those regarding who contributed to decision making. Wider implications of the findings The high prevalence of add-on use is likely generalizable to other settings where IVF treatment is largely private. Although women viewed scientific evidence as very important, most had used unproven IVF add-ons. This might suggest that women were not aware of the lack of robust evidence to support their use. Trial registration number Not applicable

P–482 According to donor conceived adults, continuing the sharing-information process with parents about the donor conception is easier when the father took part in disclosure

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Metzler-Guillemain ◽  
C Faust ◽  
S Carez ◽  
A Martin ◽  
A Gnisci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Oocyte Donation ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Gamete Donation ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Information Process ◽  
Donor Conception ◽  
Registration Number

Abstract Study question The opinion and feelings of adults after disclosure of the use of donated gametes for their conception Summary answer Disclosure is beneficial for 85.1% of donor conceived participants. Continuing the sharing-information process with parents is significantly easier when the father took part in disclosure What is known already Sharing information about the use of donor-conception with offspring is a complex process at several levels, involving in particular the parents’ will, the circumstances of disclosure, the child’s reaction, or the age of the child at disclosure. In this process, the child has a central position, source of force or friction. However, little is known about the opinion and feelings of adults who have been conceived through gamete donation. Study design, size, duration An online survey between March 2019 and September 2020. The opening of investigation was announced in media (press, radio, television), social networks, professional websites (CECOS French Federation…) and through interest groups (PMAnonyme, BAMP!, MAIA, ADEDD…) in France. Participants/materials, setting, methods Participants completed a standardized questionnaire intended for (spermatozoa or oocyte) donor conceived adults, available on the AP-HM website Main results and the role of chance 114 participants responded to the survey, 14 men and 100 women. The average age is 32.9 +/- 7.35 years old. Among them, 111 (97.4%) are born using sperm donation, 2 (1.8%) using oocyte donation, and 1 (0.9%) using double gamete donation. Their parents are 110 heterosexual couples, 3 single mothers, and 1 lesbian couple. For 113 (99.1%) of them, the parents had ART in France. Disclosure took place when they had 18.34+/–11.7 years old. The average time between disclosure and the survey participation is 14.58 +/- 8.77 years. Information was transmitted by the mother for 47.4%, the father for 8.8%, by both parents for 29.8%, and others for 14%. The circumstances of information are: always knew it (11.4%), at a time chosen by the parents (36%), following a health event (7%), during a conflict (16%), following my questions (14%), by chance discovery (13.2%). A subsequent sharing process was possible after disclosure for 89 (78.1%) participants, and impossible for 25 (21.9%) of them. The sharing process is considered as not difficult for 49.5%, but difficult for 50.5%. It is significantly easier to repeat discussion about the donor conception with their parents when the father took part in disclosure (p = 0.02). Limitations, reasons for caution Most of the participants are members of interest groups. This may induce a risk of selection bias. Participants are primarily conceived using donated spermatozoa within heterosexual couples. This conclusion may not be applied to oocyte donation or other family models. Wider implications of the findings: The present findings highlight the role of the father at the disclosure step, so that the subsequent information-sharing process is easier within the family. Trial registration number Not applicable

Urinary incontinence prevalence in the day-by-day life and during sports practice in volleyball athletes: a systematic review

Physiotherapy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele da Silva Pereira ◽  
Alessandro Haupenthal ◽  
Karoline Sousa Scarabelot ◽  
Paula Ferrarezi Brunazo ◽  
Iohana Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Female Population ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Methodological Evaluation

AbstractUrinary incontinence (UI) is perceived as a problem that affects older and multiparous women. However, recent studies report that involuntary loss of urine also affects athletes, young and nulliparous. There is controversy over the role of exercise in UI. Thus the purpose of the review is to describe and evaluate scientific evidence concerning the prevalence of UI in female volleyball athletes.The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The selected databases were PubMed, LILACS, PEDro, Medline, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect. The searches were performed between December 2016 and January 2017. The descriptors and Boolean operators used in the search were as follows: ‘urinary incontinence AND athletes AND volleyball.’ After peer evaluation, 47 studies were identified, and 6 articles were selected for review. The methodological evaluation was based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).The review identified the UI prevalence of 9–30% during sports practice and 17–18% in the day-by-day life. Practising physical exercise of high impact appears to be a causing factor of UI in women.Practising volleyball in the female population can be an important UI risk factor. Owing to the high prevalence of UI, coaches and athletes must be aware of the importance of training the pelvic floor muscles simultaneously with the sports practice.

Why Clinicians Choose Their Language Intervention Approach: An International Perspective on Intervention for Children with Developmental Language Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Rachel Forsythe ◽  
Carol-Anne Murphy ◽  
Josie Tulip ◽  
James Law
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Context Specific

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Considerable progress has been made in recent years in generating external evidence underpinning interventions for children with developmental language disorder (DLD), but less is known about the practitioner decision-making process underpinning such interventions and whether such decisions are context specific or are internationally generalizable. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> An online survey about clinical practice was developed by members of COST Action IS1406, an EU-funded research network, which included representation from 39 countries. The participants were 2,408 practitioners who answered questions in relation to their decision making for a specific child of their choosing with DLD. Analysis of open-ended questions was undertaken, and data were converted into codes for the purpose of quantitative analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Although a wide range of intervention approaches and rationales were reported, the majority of responses referenced a client-centred approach. Level of functioning was used as a rationale only if a child had severe DLD. Practitioners with university level education or above were less likely to report basing intervention on client-centred factors. A number of differently named interventions with variable theoretical and empirical underpinnings were used in different countries. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Specific client and practitioner characteristics have an impact on the intervention approaches and rationales adopted across countries. A limited number of practitioners reported use of external scientific evidence, which suggests that there should be more initiatives in basic training of practitioners and continuing professional development to encourage the uptake of scientific evidence-based practice.

scholarly journals The Logic of Inference and Decision for Scientific Evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Franco Taroni ◽  
Silvia Bozza ◽  
Alex Biedermann
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Decision Making Under Uncertainty ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Probative Value ◽  
Preference Structures ◽  
Forensic Scientists

Uncertainty is an inevitable complication encountered by members of the judiciary who face inference and decision-making as core aspects of their daily activities. Inference, in this context, is mainly inductive and relates to the use of incomplete information, to reason about propositions of interest. Applied to scientific evidence, this means, for example, to reason about whether or not a person of interest is the source of a recovered evidential material and factfinders are required to make decisions about ultimate issues, for example, regarding a defendant’s guilt. The role of forensic scientists, whose duty is to help assess the probative value of scientific findings, is to offer to mandate authorities’ conclusions that are scientifically sound and logically defensible. This chapter lays out the fundamentals of inference and decision-making under uncertainty with regard to forensic evidence. The authors explicate explain the subjectivist version of Bayesianism and analyze the usefulness of the likelihood ratio in for measuring the degree to which the evidence discriminates between competing propositions in a trial. They also underscore emphasize the importance of decision analysis as a framework that forces helps decision-makers to formalize preference structures.

Where do pre-service teachers' educational psychological misconceptions come from?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Cordelia Menz ◽  
Birgit Spinath ◽  
Eva Seifried
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Educational Psychological

Abstract. Previous research has found a high prevalence of some (educational) psychological misconceptions (i.e., incorrect but often popular assumptions that contradict results from psychological research) among (pre-service) teachers. However, the number of topics that have been investigated is limited. Additionally, knowing the sources of misconceptions might be helpful for rebutting them. Furthermore, anecdotal evidence has been found to be important for informing (pre-service) teachers' practice, but personal experiences also are among the main sources of misconceptions. Therefore, we hypothesized that pre-service teachers would predominantly view sources of anecdotal evidence as the origin of their educational psychological beliefs in general and the main source of their misconceptions in particular. In an online survey (with correlational and quasi-experimental elements) of N = 836 pre-service teachers, we found that educational psychological misconceptions were less prevalent than expected but that pre-service teachers indeed mainly based their beliefs on sources of anecdotal evidence (personal experiences and narratives from other people) and that these nonscientific sources turned out to be the main sources of their misconceptions (comparison with scientific sources: d = 0.19 and d = 0.23). Furthermore, referring more to sources of anecdotal than scientific evidence (research and lectures) was associated with undesirable aspects, that is, more misconceptions ( d = 0.21) and less reduction of misconception endorsement through empirical refutation-style information ( d = 0.30) but not with a lower judgment of the view that it is possible to examine educational psychological topics scientifically. In sum, our results indicate that basing one's beliefs more on sources of anecdotal than scientific evidence is associated with outcomes that stand in contrast to evidence-based education. Future research should investigate why pre-service teachers concentrate on sources of anecdotal evidence, how to make sources of scientific evidence more tempting, and whether counteracting misconceptions by showing the downside of nonscientific sources is effective.

Impact of Muslim decision-making style and religiosity on intention to purchasing certified halal food

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardius Usman ◽  
Chairy Chairy ◽  
Nucke Widowati Kusumo Projo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Consumer Decision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to: build Muslim consumer decision-making style (MCDMS); analyze the influence of the consumer decision-making style on Muslim behavior to buy halal certified food; analyze the impact of religiosity on Muslim behavior in buying halal-certified food and study the role of religiosity in the relationship between MCDMS and Muslim behavior in buying halal certified food. Design/methodology/approach This study’s target population is the Muslim Indonesian population age at least 18 years old. The self-administered survey method is carried out based on convenience and snowball sampling techniques and the questionnaire is distributed online. This study collects data from 396 Muslim respondents in Indonesia through an online survey. Factor analysis and regression with interaction variables are applied to test the research hypothesis statistically. Findings This study reveals several results: MCDMS produces 10 dimensions; halal consciousness is an important dimension; the perfectionist/high-quality conscious and price-conscious, has a significant negative effect on the intention to buy halal-certified food; the halal consciousness and the recreational/hedonic conscious have a significant positive effect on the intention to buy halal certified food; religiosity has a significant positive impact directly on the intention to purchase halal-certified food; Religiosity positively moderates the impact of a perfectionist/high-quality conscious and price-conscious on the intention to buy halal-certified food. Originality/value This paper will build an MCDMS by adding the dimensions of halal consciousness. The author has not found literature about MCDMS. This research will also study the impact of MCDMS and religiosity on the intention to buy halal-certified food, as well as will study the role of religiosity in relationships between Muslim decision-making styles and intention to buy halal-certified food. Similar research is still very limited in marketing literature.

scholarly journals Effect of the Lockdown Due to COVID-19 on Sexuality: The Mediating Role of Sexual Practices and Arousal in the Relationship Between Gender and Sexual Self-Esteem

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110289
Author(s):  
Carmen Rodríguez-Domínguez ◽  
Cristina Lafuente-Bacedoni ◽  
Mercedes Durán
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific evidence suggests that COVID-19 is affecting much more than the physical health of individuals, particularly in places where a lockdown has been established to slow down the spread of the virus. An area that may be particularly affected is human sexuality. This study explored the impact of the situation generated by COVID-19 on the sexuality of 201 adults living in Spain. We collected data cross-sectionally through an online survey during the month of April 2020. Results showed a reduction of sexual self-esteem and a decrease in the number of interpersonal sexual relations, although the frequency of masturbation and the consumption of pornography did not vary compared to previous levels. A regression analysis showed that masturbation, the ability to maintain sexual arousal and interpersonal sex were mediating variables in the relationship between gender – specifically being male – and having higher sexual self-esteem during the lockdown. This study provides new insight on the relevance of certain sexual behaviors in a pandemic situation with considerable social restrictions and on the effect of this situation on sexual self-esteem and arousal. It brings some clarity on the relationship between sexual self-esteem and gender, about which there is currently no consensus in the scientific literature.

scholarly journals Which Meteorological and Climatological Information Is Requested for Better Surfing Experiences? A Survey-Based Analysis

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Anna Boqué Ciurana ◽  
Enric Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Climate Service ◽  
Adaptive Actions ◽  
Behavioral Perspective ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This paper extends the work of previous research by investigating surfing practices and surf-recreation companies from a behavioral perspective. The study’s main aim is to gain insights into the role of meteorological/climatological information in decision-making related to the surf-tourism activities market. This information was gathered employing an online survey that asked respondents about where they surf and how they check forecasts for surfing. Climate services (CS) are promoted to support the decision-making process to better prepare for and adapt to the risks and opportunities of climate variability and change. The current market for CS is still in its early stages. In this paper, we report the findings from our recent investigation into the actual and potential market for CS for the Iberian Peninsula surf-tourism sector. Based on surfers’ and surf companies’ demands, it was found that an improved surfing climate service (herein, SCS) will have clear implications in the management of these tourism areas and provide insights into whether surfing activities may be successful. At the same time, such services can help to manage adaptive actions in regard to the impacts of climate change in surfing areas.

scholarly journals Trust and Transparency in times of Crisis: Results from an Online Survey During the First Wave (April 2020) of the COVID-19 Epidemic in the UK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Enria ◽  
Naomi Waterlow ◽  
Nina Trivedy Rogers ◽  
Hannah Brindle ◽  
Sham Lal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Positive Opinion ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Government Transparency ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk

Background: The success of government COVID-19 control strategies relies on public trust and broad acceptance of response measures. We investigated public perceptions of the UK government COVID-19 response, focusing on the relationship between trust and transparency, during the first wave (April 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. Methods: Anonymous survey data were collected (2020-04-06 to 2020-04-22) from 9,322 respondents, aged 20+ using an online questionnaire. We took a mixed methods approach to data analysis, combining statistical analyses, structural topic modelling (STM) and qualitative thematic coding of a sub-set of responses. Missing data were imputed via multiple imputation. Results: Most respondents (95.1%) supported government enforcement of behaviour change. While 52.1% of respondents thought the government was making good decisions, differences were apparent across demographic groups, for example respondents from Scotland had lower odds of responding positively than respondents in London. Higher educational levels saw decreasing odds of having a positive opinion of the government response and decreasing household income associated with decreasing positive opinion. Of respondents who thought the government was not making good decisions 60% believed the economy was being prioritised over people and their health. Positive views on government decision-making were associated with positive views on government transparency about the COVID-19 response. Qualitative analysis about government transparency highlighted five key themes: (1) the justification of opacity due to the condition of crisis, (2) generalised mistrust of politics, (3) concerns about the role of scientific evidence, (4) quality of government communication and (5) questions about political decision-making processes. Conclusion: We recommend targeted community engagement tailored to different groups experiences and a focus on accountability and openness around how decisions are made in the response to the UK COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The Role of Gender and Education on Decision-Making

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Mostert Jacques ◽  
Gulseven Osman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Decision Making Processes

AbstractIn this article we investigated the predominance of six unique dimensions of decisionmaking. We defined those dimensions as rationality, acuity, autonomy, openness, control, and emotion-neutrality. Our data is based on an online survey conducted on a global scale. From this survey, we received a total of 356 responses, of which 204 (57.3%) are females, and 152 (42.70%) are males. Of the respondents, 139 (39.04%) work in the education sector as teachers, academicians, lab instructors, course assistants and the remainder in other occupations. Our results suggest that emotion-neutrality is positively associated with all the dimensions of decision-making except acuity. We found that emotion-neutrality plays a significant role in the decision-making processes. However, female respondents perceive themselves to be less emotion-neutral, a finding that is amplified in the education sector. Thus, female teachers are more likely to make emotional decisions.

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