Analytical Methods for Measuring Uric Acid in Biological Samples and Food Products

1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A Pachla ◽  
Donald L Reynolds ◽  
D Scott Wright ◽  
Peter T Kissinger
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Unique Chemical

Abstract Daring the last 7 decades, uric acid methodology has kept pace with the introduction of state-of-the-art technology (e.g., spectroscopy, electrochemistry, chromatography) or the discovery of unique chemical processes (e.g., redox, enzymatic). We envision this practice will continue in the future. There never will be a single analytical method applicable for biofluids or foodstuffs. Therefore, it is imperative that the analyst not only understand the advantages and disadvantages of a procedure, but also thoroughly understand its underlying chemical and technological principles. Since many procedures available for analysis of biofluids and foodstuffs rely on identical chemical or technological principles, this report shall review both sample types and the available spectroscopic, electroanalytical, and chromatographic methods

Analytical Methods for Determining Ascorbic Acid in Biological Samples, Food Products, and Pharmaceuticals

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A Pachla ◽  
Donald L Reynolds ◽  
Peter T Kissinger
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Historical Importance

Abstract Over the last decade, numerous publications have appeared describing \ analyses for ascorbic acid in food products, pharmaceuticals, and biological samples. This review focuses on the chemistry associated with many of these procedures. The papers discussed have historical importance, are important to understanding the method, or have significantly advanced ascorbic acid analysis. The review has 4 major, sections: spectroscopic, electrochemical, enzymatic, and chromatographic methods of analysis.

Platelet monitoring for PCI

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Capodanno ◽  
D. J. Angiolillo
Keyword(s):  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary

SummaryDespite the clinical benefit associated with the combined use of aspirin and clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome or those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, a considerable interindividual variability in response to these drugs have been consistently reported. There is a growing interest on applying platelet functional tests with the goal of identifying patients at increased risk of recurrent ischaemic events and potentially tailoring antiplatelet treatment regimens.This manuscript will review the state of the art on the most commonly available platelet functional tests, describing their advantages and disadvantages and exploring their applicability in clinical practice.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Recommender Systems and Their Applications in Cybersecurity

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5248
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Pawlicka ◽  
Marek Pawlicki ◽  
Rafał Kozik ◽  
Ryszard S. Choraś
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Recommender Systems ◽  
Recommender System ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
Valuable Role

This paper discusses the valuable role recommender systems may play in cybersecurity. First, a comprehensive presentation of recommender system types is presented, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, possible applications and security concerns. Then, the paper collects and presents the state of the art concerning the use of recommender systems in cybersecurity; both the existing solutions and future ideas are presented. The contribution of this paper is two-fold: to date, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no work collecting the applications of recommenders for cybersecurity. Moreover, this paper attempts to complete a comprehensive survey of recommender types, after noticing that other works usually mention two–three types at once and neglect the others.

scholarly journals Study on the applications of two analytical methods for the construction of traveling wave solutions of the modified equal width equation

Open Physics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1003-1010
Author(s):  
Asıf Yokuş ◽  
Hülya Durur ◽  
Taher A. Nofal ◽  
Hanaa Abu-Zinadah ◽  
Münevver Tuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Nonlinear Evolution ◽  
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Traveling Wave Solutions ◽  
Dark Soliton ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Symbolic Calculation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wave Solutions

Abstract In this article, the Sinh–Gordon function method and sub-equation method are used to construct traveling wave solutions of modified equal width equation. Thanks to the proposed methods, trigonometric soliton, dark soliton, and complex hyperbolic solutions of the considered equation are obtained. Common aspects, differences, advantages, and disadvantages of both analytical methods are discussed. It has been shown that the traveling wave solutions produced by both analytical methods with different base equations have different properties. 2D, 3D, and contour graphics are offered for solutions obtained by choosing appropriate values of the parameters. To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of these techniques, a nonlinear evolution equation was investigated, and with the help of symbolic calculation, these methods have been shown to be a powerful, reliable, and effective mathematical tool for the solution of nonlinear partial differential equations.

scholarly journals Summer Research Placements – State-of-the-Art Science by pre-University Students

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (56) ◽  
pp. 3715-3720 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Sporea ◽  
S. Lygo-Baker
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Group Learning ◽  
Student Interaction ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Student Training

ABSTRACTSummer research placements are an effective training and research tool. Over three years, our group has hosted nine pre-university students over periods of four to six weeks. Apart from student training and skills acquisition, the placements have produced several peer-reviewed technical publications. Our approach relies on careful pre-planning of activities, frequent student interaction, coupled with independent and group learning. We explore the advantages and disadvantages of this manner of running summer placements.

New Trends in Asymptotic Approaches: Summation and Interpolation Methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Andrianov ◽  
Jan Awrejcewicz
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Asymptotic Methods ◽  
Perturbation Series ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Local Character

In this review article, we present in some detail new trends in application of asymptotic techniques to mechanical problems. First we consider the various methods which allows for the possibility of extending the perturbation series application space and hence omiting their local character. While applying the asymptotic methods very often the following situation appears: an existence of the asymptotics ε → 0 implies an existence of the asymptotics ε → ∞ (or, in a more general sense, ε → a and ε → b). Therefore, an idea of constructing a single solution valid for a whole interval of parameter ε changes is very attractive. In other words, we discuss a problem of asymptotically equivalent function constructions possessing for ε → a and ε → b a known asymptotic behavior. The defined problems are very important from the point of view of both theoretical and applied sciences. In this work, we review the state-of-the-art, by presenting the existing methods and by pointing out their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the fields of their applications. In addition, some new methods are also proposed. The methods are demonstrated on a wide variety of static and dynamic solid mechanics problems and some others involving fluid mechanics. This review article contains 340 references.

scholarly journals State-of-the-Art Prescriptive Criteria Weight Elicitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Riabacke ◽  
Mats Danielson ◽  
Love Ekenberg
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Criteria Weights ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Method Of Assessment ◽  
Descriptive Theories

Comparatively few of the vast amounts of decision analytical methods suggested have been widely spread in actual practice. Some approaches have nevertheless been more successful in this respect than others. Quantitative decision making has moved from the study of decision theory founded on a single criterion towards decision support for more realistic decision-making situations with multiple, often conflicting, criteria. Furthermore, the identified gap between normative and descriptive theories seems to suggest a shift to more prescriptive approaches. However, when decision analysis applications are used to aid prescriptive decision-making processes, additional demands are put on these applications to adapt to the users and the context. In particular, the issue of weight elicitation is crucial. There are several techniques for deriving criteria weights from preference statements. This is a cognitively demanding task, subject to different biases, and the elicited values can be heavily dependent on the method of assessment. There have been a number of methods suggested for assessing criteria weights, but these methods have properties which impact their applicability in practice. This paper provides a survey of state-of-the-art weight elicitation methods in a prescriptive setting.

Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2010-2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Shephard ◽  
F. Berthiller ◽  
P. Burdaspal ◽  
C. Crews ◽  
M. Jonker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Alternaria Toxins ◽  
Research Publications ◽  
Mycotoxin Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Conventional Methods

This review highlights developments in mycotoxin analysis and sampling over a period between mid-2010 and mid-2011. It covers the major mycotoxins: aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxin, patulin, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. Analytical methods for mycotoxins continue to be developed and published. Despite much interest in immunochemical methods and in the rapid development of LC-MS methodology, more conventional methods, sometimes linked to novel clean-up protocols, have also been the subject of research publications over the above period. Occurrence of mycotoxins falls outside the main focus of this review; however, where relevant to analytical method development, this has been mentioned.

State of the Art in Trueness and Interlaboratory Harmonization for 10 Analytes in General Clinical Chemistry

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 838-846
Author(s):  
W. Greg Miller ◽  
Gary L. Myers ◽  
Edward R. Ashwood ◽  
Anthony A. Killeen ◽  
Edward Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
Reference Measurement ◽  
Clinical Laboratories ◽  
Routine Measurement ◽  
Fresh Frozen

Abstract Context.—Harmonization and standardization of results among different clinical laboratories is necessary for clinical practice guidelines to be established. Objective.—To evaluate the state of the art in measuring 10 routine chemistry analytes. Design.—A specimen prepared as off-the-clot pooled sera and 4 conventionally prepared specimens were sent to participants in the College of American Pathologists Chemistry Survey. Analyte concentrations were assigned by reference measurement procedures. Participants.—Approximately 6000 clinical laboratories. Results.—For glucose, iron, potassium, and uric acid, more than 87.5% of peer groups meet the desirable bias goals based on biologic variability criteria. The remaining 6 analytes had less than 52% of peer groups that met the desirable bias criteria. Conclusions.—Routine measurement procedures for some analytes had acceptable traceability to reference systems. Conventionally prepared proficiency testing specimens were not adequately commutable with a fresh frozen specimen to be used to evaluate trueness of methods compared with a reference measurement procedure.

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