Development of a Selective Agar for Improving Campylobacter jejuni Detection in Food

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimyeong Ha ◽  
Yeongeun Seo ◽  
Yujin Kim ◽  
Yukyung Choi ◽  
Hyemin Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Food Detection ◽  
Selective Agar ◽  
Agar Media

Abstract Background Campylobacter jejuni is a major gastroenteritis-causing foodborne pathogen. However, it is difficult to isolate when competing bacteria or cold-damaged cells are present. Objective Herein, a medium (Campylobacter selective agar, CSA) was developed and supplemented with catalase, L-serine, L-cysteine, and quercetin for the selective detection of C. jejuni in food. Methods The C. jejuni-detection efficiency in broth media and chicken tenders was evaluated. The pathogen was enumerated on modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA), CSA supplemented with 4 µM catalase (CSA-C4), 8 µM catalase (CSA-C8), 20 mM L-serine (CSA-S20) or 50 mM L-serine (CSA-S50), and mCCDA supplemented with 0.5 mM L-cysteine (mCCDA-LC0.5), 1 mM L-cysteine (mCCDA-LC1), 40 µM quercetin (mCCDA-Q40) or 320 µM quercetin (mCCDA-Q320). The detection efficiency was then evaluated by counting colonies on the selective agar media. Quantitative assessment was also performed using chicken and duck carcasses. Results The C. jejuni detection efficiencies were higher (p < 0.05) in the groups CSA-C4 or CSA-C8 and CSA-S20 or CSA-S50 than mCCDA, and the detection efficiencies were maintained even in the presence of Acinetobacter baumannii, a competing bacterium. In the quantitative test, CSA-C8 and CSA-S50 demonstrated higher C. jejuni-detection efficiencies than mCCDA (control). Conclusion Therefore, CSA-C8 and CSA-S50 improved the detection efficiency of C. jejuni in poultry products by promoting the recovery of cold-damaged cells. Highlights When using CSA-C8 or CSA-S50 developed in this study for detection of C. jejuni in food, detection efficiency was higher than mCCDA.

scholarly journals First Description of Two Sequence Type 2 Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Carrying OXA-23 Carbapenemase in Pagellus acarne Fished from the Mediterranean Sea near Bejaia, Algeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2513-2515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumia Brahmi ◽  
Abdelaziz Touati ◽  
Axelle Cadière ◽  
Nassima Djahmi ◽  
Alix Pantel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Selective Agar ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTTo determine the occurrence of carbapenem-resistantAcinetobacter baumanniiin fish fished from the Mediterranean Sea near the Bejaia coast (Algeria), we studied 300 gills and gut samples that had been randomly and prospectively collected during 1 year. After screening on selective agar media, using PCR arrays and whole-genome sequencing, we identified for the first time two OXA-23-producingA. baumanniistrains belonging to the widespread sequence type 2 (ST2)/international clone II and harboring aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes [aac(6′)-Ib andaac(3′)-I genes].

Effect of Thawing on Growth of Staphylococcus Aureus in Frozen Convenience Food Items1

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. OSTOVAR ◽  
MARGARET J. BREMIER
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Frozen Foods ◽  
Convenience Food ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Selective Agar ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci

The appearance of convenience food items in the supermarkets and their consumption by wide segments of population has increased in recent years, and hence a study was done on presence of Staphylococcus aureus in these items and possible growth of the organism during defrosting of the foods. Using different selective agar media (Baird-Parker, Vogel-Johnson, Tellurite-polymyxin-egg yolk. and Mannitol-salt), various commercially available food items were examined. All suspected cultures were confirmed by coagulase test and Gram stain. Their enterotoxigenicity was also examined. Thawing the products at room temperature for 12 h generally resulted in a two-log increase in S. aureus population. Presence of S. aureus was observed in 18.3% of beef and poultry products; 12.5% of seafood products; and 8.3% of ready-to-eat frozen desserts. Most isolates produced types A or B enterotoxins. Of four selective agar media used. Baird-Parker was most efficient in isolating coagulase-positive staphylococci from frozen foods.

scholarly journals The Campylobacter jejuni CiaD effector co-opts the host cell protein IQGAP1 to promote cell entry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Negretti ◽  
Christopher R. Gourley ◽  
Prabhat K. Talukdar ◽  
Geremy Clair ◽  
Courtney M. Klappenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Host Cell Protein ◽  
Cell Binding ◽  
Actin Reorganization ◽  
Cell Cytosol

AbstractCampylobacter jejuni is a foodborne pathogen that binds to and invades the epithelial cells lining the human intestinal tract. Maximal invasion of host cells by C. jejuni requires cell binding as well as delivery of the Cia proteins (Campylobacter invasion antigens) to the host cell cytosol via the flagellum. Here, we show that CiaD binds to the host cell protein IQGAP1 (a Ras GTPase-activating-like protein), thus displacing RacGAP1 from the IQGAP1 complex. This, in turn, leads to the unconstrained activity of the small GTPase Rac1, which is known to have roles in actin reorganization and internalization of C. jejuni. Our results represent the identification of a host cell protein targeted by a flagellar secreted effector protein and demonstrate that C. jejuni-stimulated Rac signaling is dependent on IQGAP1.

scholarly journals SERS Biosensor Based on Engineered 2D-Aperiodic Nanostructure for In-Situ Detection of Viable Brucella Bacterium in Complex Matrix

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 886
Author(s):  
Massimo Rippa ◽  
Riccardo Castagna ◽  
Domenico Sagnelli ◽  
Ambra Vestri ◽  
Giorgia Borriello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Food Detection ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
In Situ Detection

Brucella is a foodborne pathogen globally affecting both the economy and healthcare. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) nano-biosensing can be a promising strategy for its detection. We combined high-performance quasi-crystal patterned nanocavities for Raman enhancement with the use of covalently immobilized Tbilisi bacteriophages as high-performing bio-receptors. We coupled our efficient SERS nano-biosensor to a Raman system to develop an on-field phage-based bio-sensing platform capable of monitoring the target bacteria. The developed biosensor allowed us to identify Brucella abortus in milk by our portable SERS device. Upon bacterial capture from samples (104 cells), a signal related to the pathogen recognition was observed, proving the concrete applicability of our system for on-site and in-food detection.

Assessment of different selective agar media for enumeration and isolation ofListeriafrom dairy products

1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Dominguez ◽  
José Francisco Fernández ◽  
Victor Briones ◽  
José Luis Blanco ◽  
Guillermo Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Direct Plating ◽  
Selective Agar ◽  
Natural Microflora ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

SummaryDifferent selective agar media were compared for the recovery and isolation of five species ofListeriafrom raw milk and cheese. The selective media examined were Beerens medium, MacBride medium and that described by Dominguezet al.(1984) with 6 mg/1 acriflavine, listeria selective agar medium (LSAM), and LSAM with 12 mg/1 acriflavine (LSAM × 2A); a non-selective yeast glucose Lemco agar was included for comparison. When the difference between listeria and the natural microflora of raw milk and cheese was 102cfu/ml, listeria could be isolated by direct plating on all media tested. When it was lower than 103–104cfu/ml, listeria were isolated by direct plating only on LSAM and LSAM × 2A. When the difference was greater than 104cfu/ml, a previous enrichment was necessary to isolate them. LSAM and LSAM × 2A media performed better than the other media tested for isolating listeria by direct plating and improved their isolation from dairy products. This superior performance was evaluated by the ability of these media to support colony formation of different species ofListeriatested, the easy recognition of these colonies from those formed by other microorganisms and by their capacity to inhibit the natural microflora of these foods.

scholarly journals Salmonella in Indian ready-to-cook poultry: antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kamal Gautam ◽  
Aarti S. Kakatkar ◽  
Manisha N. Karani ◽  
Shashidhar R. ◽  
Jayant R. Bandekar
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Salmonella Serovars ◽  
Poultry Farming

The availability and popularity of processed, ready-to-cook (RTC) poultry products are increasing in India. Though fresh poultry is known to be contaminated with Salmonella, the prevalence of this foodborne pathogen in RTC poultry products is not reported. Eighty-seven chilled and frozen RTC poultry samples of 4 different brands obtained from supermarkets and departmental stores in Mumbai were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella. The prevalence of Salmonella was higher (51%) in chilled RTC samples as compared to the frozen RTC samples (5%). The frozen RTC samples of one brand were free from Salmonella. S. Typhimurium (75.2%) was the most prevalent serovar, followed by S. Enteritidis (23%) and S. Weltevreden (1.7%). A high percentage (81.4%) of the isolates were found to be resistant to 5 or more antibiotics and class 1 integron, which has been shown to confer multi-drug resistance, was detected in 69.9% of the isolates. Multiple antibiotic resistance index of isolates was high (0.6) indicating the indiscriminate use of antibiotics during poultry farming. High genetic diversity was observed among the Salmonella serovars based on Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis profiles. Results showed the presence of multi-drug resistant Salmonella serovars in processed, chilled RTC poultry products marketed in Mumbai, India.

Incidence of Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Listeria monocytogenes in Poultry Carcasses and Different Types of Poultry Products for Sale on the Belgian Retail Market

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 735-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. UYTTENDAELE ◽  
P. DE TROY ◽  
J. DEBEVERE
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Poultry Products

From January 1997 to May 1998, 772 samples of poultry carcasses and poultry products for sale on the retail market in Belgium were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella spp., Salmonella Enteritidis, Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, and Listeria monocytogenes per 100 cm2 or 25 g. Poultry samples were contaminated with Salmonella (36.5%), C. jejuni and C. coli (28.5%), and L. monocytogenes (38.2%). In about 12.3% of the poultry samples, the L. monocytogenes contamination level exceeded 1 CFU per g or cm2. Significant differences in pathogen contamination rates of poultry products were noticed between the poultry products originating from Belgian, French, and U.K. abattoirs. Poultry products derived from broiler chickens running free in pine woods until slaughtering age (12 to 13 weeks) had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower contamination rate of Salmonella than poultry products from enclosed broilers slaughtered at the age of 6 to 8 weeks. A significantly (P < 0.05) lower pathogen contamination rate was noted for Salmonella, C. jejuni, and C. coli for poultry cuts without skin compared to poultry cuts with skin on. An increase in pathogen contamination rate was noticed during cutting and further processing. To diminish C. jejuni, C. coli, Salmonella, and L. monocytogenes contamination rates, hygienic rules of slaughter and meat processing must be rigorously observed. At the moment, zero tolerance for these pathogens is not feasible, and there is a need to establish criteria allowing these pathogens to be present at reasonable levels in the examined poultry samples.

scholarly journals Detection of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and virulence genes in poultry products marketed in Northeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e542101019224
Author(s):  
Felipe Pereira de Melo ◽  
Priscila Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Saruanna Millena dos Santos Clemente ◽  
Renata Pimentel Bandeira de Melo ◽  
José Givanildo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Public Markets ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Public Market

In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobcater coli, and virulence genes in fresh, chilled, and frozen chicken carcasses with livers and gizzards sold in public markets and supermarkets. Of the 90 samples analyzed, C. jejuni was the most prevalent, with 28.8% of positive samples, whereas C. coli was positive in 15.6% of samples. In public market samples, C. coli had a higher prevalence than C. jejuni, with 16.7% positive samples detected, whereas in supermarket samples, C. jejuni was more prevalent (36.7% positivity). C. jejuni was detected in all forms of commercialized carcasses; however, there was a higher prevalence (43.3%) in chilled samples than C. coli, which was not detected in frozen samples but showed a higher prevalence (16.7%) in fresh samples. Both species were detected in different poultry products, with C. jejuni being more prevalent (53.3%) in liver samples. C. coli showed a higher prevalence in samples of meat pieces (10%). The presence of five virulence genes related to adherence (Peb1, JlpA, CadF, and CapA) and invasion (CiaB) was also observed in both species.

scholarly journals Campylobacter jejuni Triggers Signaling through Host Cell Focal Adhesions To Inhibit Cell Motility

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney M. Klappenbach ◽  
Nicholas M. Negretti ◽  
Jesse Aaron ◽  
Teng-Leong Chew ◽  
Michael E. Konkel
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Function

Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen that causes severe gastritis. We investigated the dynamics of focal adhesion structure and function in C. jejuni -infected epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Multi-Omics Approach Reveals the Potential Core Vaccine Targets for the Emerging Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengchun Cao ◽  
Hanxiao Xu ◽  
Chunhui Ning ◽  
Li Xiang ◽  
Qiufang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Intestinal Loop ◽  
Potential Core ◽  
New Vaccines

Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans around the world. The emergence of bacterial resistance is becoming more serious; therefore, development of new vaccines is considered to be an alternative strategy against drug-resistant pathogen. In this study, we investigated the pangenome of 173 C. jejuni strains and analyzed the phylogenesis and the virulence factor genes. In order to acquire a high-quality pangenome, genomic relatedness was firstly performed with average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses, and an open pangenome of 8,041 gene families was obtained with the correct taxonomy genomes. Subsequently, the virulence property of the core genome was analyzed and 145 core virulence factor (VF) genes were obtained. Upon functional genomics and immunological analyses, five core VF proteins with high antigenicity were selected as potential core vaccine targets for humans. Furthermore, functional annotations indicated that these proteins are involved in important molecular functions and biological processes, such as adhesion, regulation, and secretion. In addition, transcriptome analysis in human cells and pig intestinal loop proved that these vaccine target genes are important in the virulence of C. jejuni in different hosts. Comprehensive pangenome and relevant animal experiments will facilitate discovering the potential core vaccine targets with improved efficiency in reverse vaccinology. Likewise, this study provided some insights into the genetic polymorphism and phylogeny of C. jejuni and discovered potential vaccine candidates for humans. Prospective development of new vaccines using the targets will be an alternative to the use of antibiotics and prevent the development of multidrug-resistant C. jejuni in humans and even other animals.

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