Short communication: the effects of a semi-synthetic diet with inclusion of black soldier fly larvae meal on health parameters of healthy adult cats

Experimental Period ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Commercial Diet ◽

Synthetic Diet ◽

Adult Cats ◽

Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

Health Parameters

Abstract In recent years, black soldier fly larvae meal (Hermetia illucens; BSFLM) has gained attention as a high value alternative protein source that is of great interest to the pet food industry. However, little is known regarding the effects of BSFLM on health parameters in adult cats. Thus, the objective of the current study was to determine the short-term effects of a semi-synthetic diet containing 4.6% inclusion of BSFLM on complete blood count (CBC) and serum biochemistry profile of healthy adult cats. Healthy adult male cats (n=8; 1.4 years) were fed the experimental diet for 21d (experimental period) to maintain BW. Cats were washed in on a commercial diet and blood samples were collected before the start and at the end of the experimental period to measure gross health parameters. Results were analysed as one-way ANOVA using the GLIMMIX procedure in SAS with cat as a random effect (SAS v. 9.4, The SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Cats lost an average of 5% of their BW (P=0.0003) due to a concurrent decrease in food intake. A significant increase of alanine aminotransferase, chloride, potassium, sodium, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was observed on d21 vs. baseline (P < 0.05). In contrast, albumin, amylase, calcium, cholesterol, eosinophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, mean platelet volume, red blood cells, total protein, total solid proteins and urea decreased over time (P < 0.05). However, all CBC and serum biochemistry parameters stayed within reference range for adult cats, with exception of glucose and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration that were above and below the reference range, respectively. Transient increases in glucose concentrations were likely due to sedation with dexmedetomidine prior to blood collection. The changes observed over time in the aforementioned parameters are likely due to changes in macronutrient composition of the diets offered prior to and during the experimental period (commercial diet vs. semi-synthetic diet, respectively), and cannot be attributed solely to a unique property of BSFLM. In conclusion, cats fed a semi-synthetic diet containing 4% BSFLM inclusion for 21d remained healthy with no clinically relevant changes in CBC and serum biochemistry parameters. Further research should focus on longer term feeding studies and the ability of BSFLM to support the health and well-being of cats.

Blood profile and organ weights of broilers fed variously processed seed meal

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v44i4.556 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 241-247

Author(s):

U. E. Ewa ◽

A. H. Akinmutimi ◽

D. N. Onunkwo ◽

K. U. Amaefula

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

Seed Meal ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Organ Weights ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Blood profile and organ weights of broilers fed variously processed Mucuna seed meal were investigated.A total of 120 day old broiler chickens were used. There were 4 treatments each replicated into 3 with 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design(CRD). Four treatment diets were formulated.Diet1served as control containing raw Mucuna, whilediets 2, 3, and 4 had boiled Mucuna, Mucuna boiled with ankanwu and boiled Mucuna mix with enzyme, respectively added to them. The birds were allowed 7 days to get stabilized before being randomly assigned to the experimental diets that lasted for 49 days. There were no significant (P>0.05) differences in the organ weights except for intestine, spleen and lungs. The value of the intestine ranged from 4.30% (D4) to 5.20% (D2). D4 was significantly ((P<0.05) lower than D2 butcompared favourably with D1 (4.51)and D3 (4.62). Significant ((P<0.05) differences existed only in haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The MCHC values ranged from 30.67 in D4 to 34.69% in D2. The value for D4 was significantly (P<0.05) lower than those of D1, D2, and D3 which was not significantly (P>0.05) different. The Hb and MCHC were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the processing of MSS. Total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, globulin and alkaline phosphatase were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the processing method employed in conclusion it is observed that 5% inclusion of Mucuna either raw or processed to broiler chicken diets does, does not have any deleterious effect on them health wise since blood and organs characteristics are used to measure the health status of animal.

The Haematology and Serum Biochemistry Profile of Adult Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb919928 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 67-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Onyinyechukwu A. AGINA ◽

Wilfred S. EZEMA ◽

Ezinwa M. IWUOHA

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Total Proteins ◽

Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽

Coturnix Coturnix ◽

Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The present study established the reference values and sex differences in the erythrocytic and serum biochemistry parameters of domestic adult quails (Coturnix coturnix). Ninety five adult birds, comprising of 42 males and 53 female Japanese quails were sampled using a simple random sampling technique. Standard procedures were carried out in all haematology and serum biochemistry determinations. The overall mean for the erythrocytic and serum biochemistry parameters were as follows: packed cell volume (PCV) 43.11%, red blood cell count (RBC) 4.31 × 106/µl, haemoglobin concentration (Hbc) 16.21 g/dl, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 100.69 fl, mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) 39.17 pg, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 39.35 g/dl, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 59.99 IU/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 20.85 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 107.54 IU/L, total proteins (TP) 5.19 g/dl, albumin (ALB) 3.25 g/dl, globulin (GLB) 1.94 g/dl, albumin: globulin 1.73, total cholesterol (TCHOL) 146.69 mg/dl, total bilirubin (TBIL) 2.37 mg/dl, uric acid (UA) 16.02 mg/dl and creatinine (CREAT) 0.44 mg/dl. The PCV of the males were significantly higher than that of the females, while the MCH and MCHC of the females were significantly higher than those of the males. The serum total proteins, albumin, globulin, uric acid, creatinine, and total cholesterol values of the female quails were higher than those of the male quails. The present data might be useful to avian specialists and veterinary clinicians, but more research works should be carried out on quails to increase the information data base, especially in the tropics.

The Role of Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration in Limiting the Storage Life of Human Blood

Vox Sanguinis ◽

10.1159/000461643 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 177-181

Author(s):

Susan Turner ◽

A.R. Williams ◽

J.M.H. Rees

Keyword(s):

Human Blood ◽

Storage Life ◽

Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽

Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

Values of Selected Haematological Indicators in Six Species of Feathered Game

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201079s9s003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 79 (9) ◽

pp. S3-S8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eva Straková ◽

Pavel Suchý ◽

Romana Kábelová ◽

František Vitula ◽

Ivan Herzig

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Total Concentration ◽

Individual Species ◽

Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽

Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽

Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

The Mean ◽

The present paper extends the knowledge of selected blood indicators in six species of feathered game such as helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris), common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), chukar (Alectoris chucar), grey partridge (Perdix perdix) and wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), reared in the Czech Republic and Europe. The red blood cell (RBC) values in individual species of feathered game ranged as follows: the mean RBC counts varied in a range of 2.10 - 2.58 T/l; haematocrit values were in a range of 0.33 - 0.39 1/1; haemoglobin concentration varied in a range of 101.20 - 129.13 g/l; mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) ranged from 28.63 to 35.44%; mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) varied in a range of 46.15 - 62.07 pg and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was 147.66 - 178.20 fl. Except for the total concentration of haemoglobin and the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, no significant differences were found between the mean values of RBC values in individual species of feathered game. However, some differences between species were found in white blood cell (WBC) values, ranging as follows: the total WBC count ranged from 13.55 to 26.90 G/l, basophil granulocytes from 0.011 to 0.110 G/l, eosinophil granulocytes from 0.011 to 0.593 G/l, neutrophil granulocytes from 1.868 to 6.661 G/l, lymphocytes from 10.937 to 20.922 G/l and monocytes from 0.034 to 0.199 G/l. Most values showed significant (P ⪬ 0.05) to highly significant (P ⪬ 0.01) interspecies differences. The main goal of the study was to investigate selected haematological indicators in six major species of feathered game.

Haematology and serum biochemistry of rabbits fed acha offal (Digitaria exilis) meal-based diets supplemented with Maxigrains® enzyme

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v48i1.2903 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 102-113

Author(s):

J. A. Azi ◽

S. E. Alu ◽

D. M. Ogah ◽

M. K. Baba

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Management Practices ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Live Weight ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Serum Biochemical

Food-feed competition between human and animals has necessitated farmers to turn to alternative feed resources such as Acha Offal. Forty eight rabbits of mixed breeds and similar live weight were utilized in an experiment to evaluate the effect of feeding acha offal meal- based diets supplemented with Maxigrain enzyme on their haematology and serum biochemistry. The experiment had two phases (weaner and grower) each lasting for 42 days. Six treatments diets namely T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 were compounded to be iso-caloric (2700kcal/kg) and iso-nitrogenous (18% crude protein) for the weaner phase while (15% crude protein) and isocaloric (2500kcal/kg) for the grower phase. The Acha Offal (AO) was included at 0, 15 and 30% while the enzyme was supplemented at 0 and 200ppm. The experiment was arranged in a 2x3 factorial fitted into a Completely Randomized Design. Each treatment was replicated 4 times having two rabbits per replicate. Feed and water were provided to the animals daily and all standard routine management practices were strictly observed throughout the experimental period. At the end of the feeding trial, blood samples were collected from each animal for blood analyses. The results show that there was no significant (P>0.05) variation on the haematological and biochemical parameters due to enzyme or AO effect. In the growing phase, main effect of AO was not significant (P>0.05) on the haematological parameters except on white blood cell (WBC) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Effect of enzymes on growing rabbit was not significantly different (P>0.05) except on WBC at 0ppm (5.75 x109/L) and 200ppm (6.60 x109/L) and on MCHC at 0ppm (33.27 x109/L) and 200ppm (33.20 x109/L). The Interactive effect of AO and enzyme showed that T2 had the highest WBC (8.80 x109/L) while T4 had the lowest MCHC (33.10 x109/L). Serum biochemical parameters were not affected by Acha offal except phosphorus where there was a significant (P<0.05) reduction in 30% AO (1.35g/dL). Enzymes effect showed that animals on 0ppm had significantly (P<0.05) higher phosphorus (1.83g/dl) than 200ppm (1.38g/dL). Acha offal supplemented with Maxigrain enzyme can be included in the diets of grower rabbits without adverse effect on haematological and serum biochemical indices. La concurrence entre les humains et les animaux en matière d'aliments pour animaux a obligé les agriculteurs à se tourner vers d'autres ressources alimentaires comme 'acha'. Quarante-huit lapins de races mixtes et de poids réel similaire ont été utilisés dans une expérience pour évaluer l'effet de l'alimentation d'acha complétés par l'enzyme 'Maxigrain' sur leur hématologie et biochimie sérique. L'expérience a eu deux phases (sevreur et producteur) chacune durant 42 jours. Six régimes de traitements, à savoir T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 et T6, ont été composés pour être iso-caloriques (2700kcal/kg) et iso-azotés (18% de protéines brutes) pour la phase de sevrage tandis que (15% de protéines brutes) et isocaloriques (2500 kcal/kg) pour la phase de croissance. L'alimentation d'acha (AO) a été inclus à 0, 15 et 30% tandis que l'enzyme a été complétée à 0 et 200ppm. L'expérience a été organisée dans un factorial 2x3 intégré dans une conception complètement randomisée. Chaque traitement a été reproduit 4 fois ayant deux lapins par réplique. Des aliments et de l'eau ont été fournis quotidiennement aux animaux et toutes les pratiques de gestion de routine standard ont été strictement observées tout au long de la période expérimentale. À la fin de l'essai d'alimentation, des échantillons de sang ont été prélevés sur chaque animal pour des analyses sanguines. Les résultats montrent qu'il n'y avait aucune variation significative (P>0.05) sur les paramètres hématologiques et biochimiques dus à l'effet d'enzyme ou d' 'AO'. Dans la phase de croissance, l'effet principal de l' 'AO' n'était pas significatif (P>0,05) sur les paramètres hématologiques, sauf sur les globules blancs (le 'WBC') et la concentration moyenne d'hémoglobine cellulaire (le 'MCHC'). L'effet des enzymes sur la croissance du lapin n'était pas significativement différent (P>0,05) excepté sur WBC à 0ppm (5.75 x109/L) et 200ppm (6.0ppm 60 x109/L) et sur le 'MCHC' à 0ppm (33.27 x109/L) et 200ppm (33.20 x109/L). L'effet interactif de l'AO et de l'enzyme a montré que T2 avait le 'WBC' le plus élevé (8,80 x109/L) tandis que T4 avait le 'MCHC' le plus bas (33,10 x109/L). Les paramètres biochimiques du sérum n'ont pas été affectés par le phosphore d'alimentation d'acha sauf où il y avait une réduction significative (P<0.05) de 30%AO (1.35g/dL). L'effet d'enzymes a prouvé que les animaux sur 0ppm ont eu sensiblement (P<0.05) le phosphore plus élevé (1.83g/dl) que 200ppm (1.38g/dL). L'alimentation d'Acha complété avec l'enzyme 'Maxigrain' peut être inclus dans les régimes des lapins 'grower' sans effet défavorable sur les indices biochimiques hématologiques et sériques.

BLOOD PROFILES OF GREEN SEA TURTLE BEFORE AND AFTER THE REHABILITATION

Indonesia Medicus Veterinus ◽

10.19087/imv.2020.9.6.930 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 930-939

Author(s):

Ida Bagus Windia Adnyana ◽

Ida Bagus Nararya Primastana Adnyana ◽

Siswanto Siswanto

Keyword(s):

Cell Volume ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Chelonia Mydas ◽

Sea Turtle ◽

Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽

Turtle Conservation ◽

Before And After ◽

Penyu adalah satwa yang terancam punah, sehingga upaya konservasinya perlu ditingkatkan. Kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan konservasi dimaksud adalah rehabilitasi penyu pascamengalami periode out of the water sebelum dilepasliarkan kembali ke alam bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan profil dan indeks eritrosit penyu hijau (Chelonia mydas) sebelum dan sesudah mengalami rehabilitasi di Turtle Conservation and Education Center (TCEC) di Pulau Serangan, Denpasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel Sembilan ekor penyu hijau hasil sitaan Polisi Sektor Kuta, Badung, Bali. Sebanyak 2,5 mL darah perifer penyu hijau diambil dari sinus cervicalis dorsalis disimpan di tabung berisikan antikoagulan litium heparin dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan hematologi. Penentuan nilai total eritrosit dihitung dengan hemositometer. Kadar hemoglobin (Hb) diukur menggunakan Hemoglobinometer Sahli, sedangkan kadar Packed Cell Volume (PCV) ditentukan dengan metode mikrohematokrit. Indeks eritrosit yang meliputi Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) dan Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) dihitung dengan rumus konvensional yang ditentukan untuk itu. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan uji T berpasangan. Nilai profil darah (Packed Cell Volume, total eritrosit, Hemoglobin) mengalami peningkatan signifikan pasca rehabilitasi dengan nilai rerata hematokrit sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 28,4±3,09 menjadi 31,7±2,87, nilai total eritrosit sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 0,44±0,10 menjadi 0,56±0,15, nilai Hemoglobin sebelum rehabilitasi sebesar 6,3±1,28 menjadi 7,53±0,73 serta hasil perhitungan secara statistika dengan uji T-berpasangan menunjukkan profil darah penyu hijau sebelum dan sesudah rehabilitasi memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan yang berarti proses rehabilitas yang dilakukan di Turtle Conservation and Education Center, Serangan berhasil.

Haematological alterations due to lung diseases in sheep and goats of Jammu region

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v9i3.1423 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1691-1695

Author(s):

Nishchal Dutta ◽

Shafiqur Rahman ◽

Shagufta Azmi ◽

Muneer Ahmad Dar

Keyword(s):

Parasitic Infection ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Parasitic Infestation ◽

Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Significant Change ◽

The present study was conducted for evaluation of haematological parameters in sheep (330) and goat (230) having various lung affections that were slaughtered routinely as a source of food in Jammu region (Gujjar Nagar, Dogra Hall, Bishnah and Nagrota). About 25.75% (85) and 21.30% (49)of lungs examined in sheep and goats respectively were found to have parasitic infestation of Hydatidosis, Myiasis and Mulleriuscapillaris. Furthermore about 31.81% (105) and 29.13% (67) of selected lungs had pathological conditions of pneumonia, abscess and haemorrhage in sheep and goats respectively. Diseased sheep and goats reflected significant decrease in haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and erythrocytes (RBC) in parasitic infestation of Myiasis as compared to control while non significant alteration in these parameters was observed in conditions of Hydatidosis, M. capillaris, pneumonia, abscess and haemorrhage. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) decreased significantly in Myiasis of sheep and haemorrhagic lungs of goats while no significant change was observed in mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values. Significant increase in leucocytes (WBC), neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils were observed in both sheep and goats affected with various parasitic and pathological lung disesases with no significant change in basophilic count. Lymphocytic count decreased in all these adversed lung conditions as compared to healthy ones. Parasitic infection though not mixed one especially that of Myiasis comparatively has significant affected on blood parameters. The present study signifies the complementary importance of ante -mortem examination with that of post-mortem inspection in various parasitic and pathological affections of lungs.

INDUCTION OF MACROCYTIC-NORMOCHROMIC ANAEMIA IN Clarias gariepinus –Siluriform- EXPOSED TO SUB-LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF 1, 1-DIMETHYL 4, 4-BIPIRIDILLIUM DICHLORIDE (PARAQUAT) UNDER LABPRATORY CONDITIONS

UNED Research Journal ◽

10.22458/urj.v14i1.3789 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. e3789

Author(s):

Musa Idi-Ogede Abubakar ◽

Adeshina Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Blood Cells ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽

Normochromic Anaemia ◽

L 14 ◽

Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

Sublethal Concentrations

Introduction: Macrocytic-normochromic anaemia was induced in Clarias gariepinus at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days. Experimental fish were exposed to test water separately diluted with sub-lethal concentrations of paraquat of 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09mg/L. 14 days. No in-depth work has been carried out on Macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in Nigeria. Objective: to evaluate macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in Clarias gariepinus exposed to sublethal concentrations of paraquat. Methods: Blood were collected at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days .Results: Blood dyscrasias was observed with a significant (p<0.05) decrease in haemoglobin, haematocrit, red blood cells, white blood cells, lymphocytes and monocytes. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), Neutrophils, Eosinophil and Basophil increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of the toxicant while Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) remained normal. Conclusion: Sublethal concentrations of paraquat induced macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in the exposed Clarias gariepinus.

Responses for blood morphological indices in a 60-km horse endurance race depending on the season

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201988020177 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 177-185

Author(s):

Indrė Poškienė ◽

Vida Juozaitienė ◽

Algis Noreika ◽

Jurgita Autukaite ◽

Rūta Undzenaite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

Before And After ◽

Red Blood Cell Count ◽

The Mean ◽

The Impact ◽

The aim of this study was to find whether the magnitude of changes in blood before and after horse endurance competitions was the same at the beginning and the end of the season and if the studied indices could be useful in assessing the impact of such changes on the length of the endurance racing season. The study was conducted on 36 clinically healthy horses. Blood samples were taken during 60-km endurance competitions in 2014, three times in total. The study revealed an increase of lymphocytes (× 1.89-2.05; P < 0.001), red blood cell count (× 1.11-1.12; P < 0.001), and a decrease in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (× 1.20-1.27; P < 0.001), red cell distribution width (× 1.11; P < 0.01), platelet concentrations (× 1.33-1.40; P < 0.05), when compared at the beginning and in the end of the horse endurance racing season. During the entire season, haematocrit values significantly increased after the race but were at their lowest in the mid-season period. The results proved a significant increase in the white blood cell and granulocyte counts following the finish of a 60-km endurance race, when comparing the values at the beginning and in the end of the horse endurance racing season, and a significant reduction in lymphocytes when comparing the values at the beginning (35.7%) and at the end (29.7%) of the season. The endurance competition season highly influences haematology indices in horses' blood, however, to determine the season's impact on the results of the race, additional studies must be conducted.