scholarly journals Effects of oligosaccharides on the growth and stress tolerance of Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 in vitro, and the potential synbiotic effects of L. plantarum ZLP001 and fructo-oligosaccharide in post-weaning piglets1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 4588-4597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Sixin Wang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Dongyan Zhang ◽  
Yamin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Weaning Piglets ◽  
G Ratio

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the effects of seven oligosaccharides on the growth rate and stress tolerance of Lactobacillus plantarum ZLP001 in vitro, and the potential synbiotic effects of the most effective oligosaccharide [fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS)] and L. plantarum ZLP001 on the growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota, and serum immune index in weaning piglets. Most oligosaccharides were utilized as carbohydrate sources by L. plantarum ZLP001, but we observed obvious differences in the bacterial growth depending on oligosaccharide type and concentration. Oligosaccharides and glucose significantly alleviated the decrease in L. plantarum ZLP001 viability in artificial gastric fluid, whereas none of the sugars affected viability in artificial intestinal fluid. FOS and galacto-oligosaccharide significantly improved the viability of L. plantarum ZLP001 under heat stress (65 °C for 15 and 30 min). FOS and soybean oligosaccharide significantly increased the viability of L. plantarum ZLP001 in response to cold stress (4 °C for 30 and 60 days). On the basis of the findings of in vitro experiments, we selected FOS for in vivo studies. Eighty-four weaned piglets were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: control (basal diet, no additives), freeze-dried L. plantarum ZLP001 (4.2 × 109 CFU/g, 2 g/kg diet), FOS (5 g/kg diet), and combination (0.2% L. plantarum ZLP001 + 0.5% FOS). Body weight and feed consumption were recorded for determinations of the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed-to-gain ratio (F/G). On day 28, fresh fecal samples were collected to evaluate the apparent digestibility of nutrients and microbiota, and serum samples were collected to determine the immune status. L. plantarum ZLP001 plus FOS significantly increased ADG and decreased the F/G ratio compared with the no-additive control. The combination treatment also increased the apparent nutrient digestibility of dry matter and crude protein. Compared with the control and single supplementation, the combination treatment had a significant regulatory effect on the intestinal microbiota, as evidenced by increases in Lactobacillus spp. and a decrease in Enterobacteriaceae. In addition, the combination treatment increased the concentrations of serum IFN-γ and immunoglobulin G. In conclusion, FOS can be utilized well by L. plantarum ZLP001 and can be combined with it as a potential synbiotic that shows synergistic effects in weaning piglets.

Effect of lactitol, lactic acid bacteria, or their combinations (synbiotic) on intestinal proteolysis in vitro, and on feed efficiency in weaned pigs

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Piva ◽  
G. Casadei ◽  
P. P. Gatta ◽  
J. B. Luchansky ◽  
G. Biagi
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Weaning Piglets

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the intestinal microflora response to lactitol (LCT) as a non-digestible oligosaccharide (NDO) and/or to two swine lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates (Lactobacillus brevis and L. salivarius), and to select the most effective treatment to modulate intestinal fermentation in a subsequent growth study with weaning piglets. During a 24-h in vitro cecal fermentation, LCT alone or in combination with either bacteria isolate stimulated gas production rate (P < 0.05), while LAB isolates alone did not (P > 0.05). Both combinations of isolates with LCT reduced ammonia levels after 24 h by 26 and 31%, respectively (P < 0.05), while LCT alone was effective in keeping ammonia lower than the control only in the first 8 h (P < 0.05). All treatments increased (P < 0.05) the production of total volatile fatty acids. The most effective combination (LCT + L. salivarius) in vitro was selected to be used in a 49-d feeding experiment with weaned piglets (32 animals per group, eight piglets per cage, four cages per treatment). Feed efficiency was improved (13%) by LCT + L. salivarius (P < 0.05), while average daily gain and feed consumption were not affected (P > 0.05). These data substantiated the positive synergistic effect of the combination of an NDO with a LAB isolate as compared with the use of individual components in modulating the cecal microflora under in vitro conditions. This study showed that such combination may positively influence feed efficiency when fed to pigs. Key words: Swine, cecum, synbiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, lactitol, lactic acid bacteria

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dietary Probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum BG0001) Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Fecal Gas Emission, and Fecal Microbiota in Weaning Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2232
Author(s):  
Huan Wang ◽  
In-ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Weaning Pigs

A total of 180, 4-week-old crossbred weaning piglets ((Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc; 6.67 ± 1.40 kg) were used in a 42 day experiment to evaluate the effect of dietary probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum BG0001) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile, fecal microbiota, and noxious gas emission. All pigs were randomly allotted to one of four treatment diets in a completely randomized block design. Each treatment had nine replicates with five pigs/pen (mixed sex) Designated dietary treatments were as: (1) basal diet (NC), (2) NC + 0.2% antibiotics (chlortetracycline) (PC), (3) NC + 0.1% L. plantarum BG0001 (Lactobacillus plantarum BG0001) (NC1), (4) NC + 0.2% L. plantarum BG0001 (NC2). On d 42, BW and G:F were lower (p < 0.05) in pigs fed NC diet compared with PC diet and probiotic diets. Throughout this experiment, the average daily gain increased (p < 0.05) in pigs when fed with PC and probiotic diets than the NC diet. The average daily feed intake was higher (p < 0.05) in pigs fed PC diet during day 0–7 and 22–42, and probiotic diets during day 0–7 compared with NC diet, respectively. The Lactobacillus count was increased and Escherichia coli count was decreased (p < 0.05) in the fecal microbiota of pigs fed probiotic diets, and E. coli were decreased (p < 0.05) when fed a PC diet compared with the NC diet on day 21. Moreover, the apparent total tract nutrient digestibility, blood profile, and the concentration of noxious gas emission had no negative effects by the probiotic treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with L. plantarum BG0001 significantly improved the growth performance, increased fecal Lactobacillus, and decreased E. coli counts in weaning pigs.

Viability of microencapsulated Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus plantarum during freeze-drying, storage and in vitro simulated upper gastrointestinal tract passage

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 5868-5879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Sebastián Marcial-Coba ◽  
Tomasz Cieplak ◽  
Thiago Barbosa Cahú ◽  
Andreas Blennow ◽  
Susanne Knøchel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Akkermansia Muciniphila ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Microencapsulated and subsequently freeze-dried cells showed acceptable storage stability and enhanced survival during in vitro upper gastrointestinal tract passage.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of Lactobacillus plantarum as direct-fed microbials in high-producing dairy cows diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo F Monteiro ◽  
Ana Laura J Lelis ◽  
Virginia L N Brandao ◽  
Andressa Faccenda ◽  
Andre S Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
N Metabolism

Abstract The objectives of this study were: 1) to compare the effects of live yeast (LY), yeast fermentation product (YFP), a mix of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Propionibacterium freudenreichii (MLP), and Lactobacillus plantarum included as additives in dairy cows’ diets on in vitro ruminal fermentation and gas production (GP); and 2) to evaluate the effects of L. plantarum as direct-fed microbials (DFM) in dairy cows’ diets on in vitro ruminal fermentation, GP, nutrient digestibility, and N metabolism. Three experiments were carried out: Exp. 1 had the objective to compare all additives regarding ruminal fermentation parameters: an Ankom GP system was used in a completely randomized design, consisting of four 48 h incubations, and eight replications per treatment. There were eight treatments: a basal diet without additive (CTRL) or with one of the following additives: LY, YFP, MLP, or L. plantarum at four levels (% of diet Dry Matter (DM)): 0.05% (L1), 0.10% (L2), 0.15% (L3), and 0.20% (L4). In Exp. 2, a batch culture was used to evaluate ruminal fermentation, and CO2 and CH4 production using the same treatments and a similar experimental design, except for having 16 replications per treatment. Based on Exp. 1 and 2 results, Exp. 3 aimed at evaluating the effects of the L. plantarum on ruminal true nutrient digestibility and N utilization in order to evaluate the use of L. plantarum as DFM. The treatments CTRL, MLP, L1, and L2 were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design using a dual-flow continuous culture system. Data were analyzed using linear and nonlinear regression; treatment means were compared through contrasts, and L treatments in Exp. 1 and 2 were tested for linear, quadratic, and cubic effects. In Exp. 1, all treatments containing additives tended to reduce OM digestibility as well as reduced total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration and total GP. The YFP had greater OM digestibility than LY, and MLP treatment had greater total VFA concentration compared to L. plantarum treatments. In Exp. 2, additives reduced CO2 production, and there were no major differences in CH4. In Exp. 3, all additives reduced NH3-N concentration. In conclusion, pH and lactate concentration were not affected in all three experiments regardless of additive tested, suggesting that these additives may not improve ruminal fermentation by pH modulation; and L. plantarum may improve ruminal N metabolism when used as DFM in high-producing dairy cows’ diets, mainly by reducing NH3-N concentration.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation of EGF Ameliorates the Negatively Effects of LPS on Early-Weaning Piglets: From Views of Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Microelement Absorption and Possible Mechanisms

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Junjing Xue ◽  
Liang Xie ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Liyuan Zhou ◽  
Yajun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Weaning Piglets

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in nutrients absorption. However, whether it can be an effective additive to improve the growth performance and nutrients absorption in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenged early weaning piglets is still unknown. A 14-days trial was conducted to investigate how EGF attenuates the effect of LPS on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, microelement absorption of early-weaned pigs, and study the underlying mechanism. A total of 48 early weaned piglets, aged 25 days, were randomly distributed to four groups (control, EGF, LPS and EGF + LPS groups) consisting of a 2 × 2 factorial design. The main factors were the level of LPS (HLPS = high LPS: 100 μg/kg body weight; ZLPS = low LPS: 0 μg/kg body weight) and EGF (HEGF = high EGF: 2 mg/kg diet; ZEGF = low EGF: 0 mg/kg diet). Each group had four replicates and each replicate consisted of three piglets. The results showed that piglets injected with HLPS level significantly decreased the average daily gain (ADG), and significantly increased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the piglets injected with ZLPS level, while piglets fed HEGF level significantly increased the average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared with the piglets fed ZEGF level (p < 0.05). Piglets injected with HLPS level significantly decreased the apparent digestibility of crude fat compared with the piglets injected with ZLPS level (p < 0.05). Piglets injected with HLPS level significantly increased the concentration of most microelements in the gastrointestinal tract chyme and feces, and significantly decreased the expression levels of most microelement transport-relative genes in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tissues compared with the piglets injected with ZLPS level (p < 0.05). Piglets fed HEGF level significantly decreased the concentration of microelement in the gastrointestinal tract chyme and feces, and significantly increased the expression levels of the microelement transport-relative genes in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tissues compared with the piglets fed ZEGF level (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary EGF could attenuate the negative effect of LPS exposure on the apparent digestibility of crude fat and microelement absorption of early-weaning piglets. EGF and LPS influenced the absorption of essential trace element through changing the expression levels of microelement transport-relative genes in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tissues. In the early weaning piglets, EGF can be used as an additive to increase the essential trace elements absorption.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) dalam Pakan Terhadap Performa Kalkun (Meleagris gallopavo)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
H D S Tadjudin ◽  
M Shofiah Shofiah ◽  
S Aini Aini ◽  
Widya Hermana ◽  
Arif Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Meleagris Gallopavo ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Behavior

The aim of this study was to evaluate fresh dandelion leaves on  turkey performance. The study used a complete randomized design of 4 treatments and 6 replications. A total number of 24 turkeys (Meleagris gallapavo)-12 week-old were used in this 5 weeks of feed trial. The experimental animals were fed with the diet containing  37% of commercial broiler starter diet, 40% rice bran and forage (water hyacinth and fresh dandelion leaves).  The treatments with fresh dandelion leaves addition were P0: 0%, P1: 5%, P2: 10%, and P3: 15%. The variables observed were bio active compound in dandelion leaves, daily behavior and turkey performance.  Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the significant differences between treatments were analyzed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that dandelion leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroids, vitamin D were 17.37 ppm and antioxidants IC50 have an antioxidant activity with a value of 102.31. Observation of daily behavior showed that turkeys behavior was dominated by eating and resting activities, where the highest frequency of resting activities was 0.43 per second (P0). Turkey performance were not significantly different on feed consumption, carcass weight, carcass percentage for all treatments but  significantly different  (p<0.05) on  average daily gain (AVG) and feed conversion ratio. Therefore it can be concluded that fresh dendelion leaves are able to used up to 15% in turkey diet. Key words:   antioxidant, dandelion, turkey performance, vitamin D   DAFTAR PUSTAKA Azhari NT & Apliriana E. 2016. Peranan jombang (Taraxacum officinale) sebagai hepatoprotektor. Jurnal Majority. 5(5): 32-36. Astuti S. 2008. Isoflavon kedelai dan potensinya sebagai penangkap radikal bebas. Jurnal Teknologi Industri dan Hasil Pertanian. 13(2): 126-136. Adawiah, Sukandar D & Muawanah A. 2015. Aktivitas antioksidan dan kandungan komponen bioaktif sari buah namnam. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ilmu Kimia. 1(2): 130-136. Amin M, Sawhney SS & Jassal MMS. 2013. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals of Taraxacum officinale. Wudpecker Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmocology. 2(1):1-5. Badarinath A, Rao K, Chetty CS, Ramkanth S, Rajan T & Gnanaprakash K. 2010. A review on in vitro antioxidant methods: comparisons, correlations and considerations. International Journal of Pharmatical Technology Research. 2(2): 1276-1285. Cook R, Xin H & Nettleton D. 2005. Effects of cage stocking density of feeding behaviours of groups housed laying hens. Journal Animals Agriculture Biology. 49(1): 187-192. Dheer R & Bhatnager P. 2010. A study of the antidiabetic activity of Barleria prionitis linn. Indian Journal of Phamacology. 42(2): 1-5. Gibril S, Samsel S RM, Yassin OE, Hassan AA & Atta M. 2013. Body gain and carcas charateristics of turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) under extensive system of management in the student. International Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 2(2): 23-26. Mishra A, Kaone P, Schouten W, Sprujit B & Metz J. 2005. Tempral and sequential structure of behaviour and facility usage of laying hens in an encrihed environment. Poultry Science. 84:979-991. Rizky A, Haryono D & Kasymir. 2016. Analisis usaha dan strategi pengembangan ternak kalkun mitra alam kabupaten pringsewu provinsi Lampung. Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Agribisnis. 4(3): 235-242. Ramian F & Indrianti MA. 2018. Analisa potensi eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) Danau Limboto sebagai pakan ternak. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Integrated Farming System. Gorontalo (ID): Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo. Setiawan B. 2017. Kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar dedak padi yang difermentasi dengan mikroorganisme lokal [skripsi]. Makassar (ID): Universitas Hasanuddin. Steel RGD & Torrie JH. 1993. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika Suatu Pendekatan Biometrik. Sumatri B, penerjemah. Terjemah dari: Principles and Procedures of Statistics.  Jakarta (ID): Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Suprijatna E, Sunarti D, Mahfudz L D, Ardiningsasi S M, Inayah A & Purnomo A H S. 2010. Performans produksi dan efisiensi penggunaan protein ransum pada kalkun lokal yang dipelihara secara intensif diberi ransum mengandung daun kobis (Brassica oleracea var capitata) afkir. Seminar Nasional Unggas Lokal. Semarang (ID): Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Diponegoro. Wulan, Yudistira A, & Rotinsulu H. 2019. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol daun Mimosa pudica Linn. menggunakan metode DPPH. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi. 8(1): 106-113.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary probiotic, liquid feed and nutritional concentration on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and fecal score of weaning piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1617-1623
Author(s):  
Song Zhang ◽  
Dong Huy Yoo ◽  
Xiang Ao ◽  
In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Weaning Piglets ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Fecal Score

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary probiotic blend and liquid feed program at different nutritional densities on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal score of weaning piglets.Methods: A total of 120 weaning pigs with an initial body weight of 7.05±0.93 kg per pig (21 days of age) were randomly allocated into 1 of the following 8 dietary treatments (3 replicates per treatment with 5 pigs per replicate) in a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement (nutrition levels: apparent metabolic energy [AME] = 3,500 kcal/kg, crude protein [CP] = 20% vs AME = 3,400 kcal/kg, CP = 19.42%; feed types:dry vs wet; probiotics levels: 0 mg/kg vs 300 mg/kg).Results: During d 5 to d 15, greater average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p<0.05) were observed in probiotics treatments. During d 15 to d 25, gain:feed (G:F) ratio (p<0.05) were significantly improved in probiotics, wet feed and high nutrition diet. Moreover, two interactions i) between nutrition levels and feed types, and ii) between nutrition levels and probiotics were found in G:F ratio. Furthermore, there was a significant positive interaction on G:F among those 3 factors (p<0.05). Overall, increasing ADG, ADFI, and G:F ratio were detected in probiotics treatment significantly (p<0.05). Besides, an obvious reduction on fecal score was observed in probiotics treatment from d 0 to d 5 (p<0.05). There was an interactive effect on fecal score between feed types and nutrition concentrations from d 5 to d 25 (p<0.05).Conclusion: These results indicated that probiotics supplementation could benefit growth performance and reduce the frequency of watery feces. Besides, wet feed program (feed:water = 1:1.25) could improve the G:F. The effect of liquid feed or probiotic could be influenced by dietary nutrition density in weaned piglets. An increased value of G:F was obtained when wet feeding a high nutrition diet (100 kcal higher than NRC 2012 recommendations) was supplemented with probiotics for 15 to 25 days.

scholarly journals Effects of wilting and additives on the ensiling quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of sudangrass silage

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Jiang Chun Wan ◽  
Kai Yun Xie ◽  
Yu Xiang Wang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Zhu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Positive Effects

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of molasses and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> on the ensiling quality and <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation of sudangrass silage prepared with or without wilting.Methods: The ensiling experiment, measured with 3 replicates, was carried out according to a 2×4 (wilted stages×additives) factorial treatment structure. Dry matter of the fresh (210 g/kg fresh matter) or wilted (305 g/kg fresh matter) sudangrass were ensiled (packed into 5.0-L plastic jars) without additive (control) or with molasses (M), <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (LP), or molasses + <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (M+LP). After 60 days of ensiling, the silages were analyzed for the chemical, fermentation, and <i>in vitro</i> characteristics.Results: After 60 days of ensiling, the fermentation parameters were affected by wilted, the additives and the interactions of wilted with the additives (p<0.05). The M+LP treatment at wilted had higher lactic acid levels and V-score (p<0.05) but lower pH values and butyric acid concentrations than the other treatments. In comparison with sudangrass before ensiling, after ensiling had lower dry matter and higher non-fibrous carbohydrate. The <i>in vitro</i> gas production, <i>in vitro</i> dry matter digestibility, <i>in vitro</i> crude protein digestibility, and <i>in vitro</i> acid fiber detergent digestibility changed under the effects of the additives. Significant interactions were observed between wilted and the additives in terms of <i>in vitro</i> gas production at 48 h, asymptotic gas production, gas production rate, half time, and the average gas production rate. The total volatile fatty acid levels in the additive treatments were higher than those in the control.Conclusion: Wilting and supplementation with molasses and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> had the ability to improve the ensiling quality and <i>in vitro</i> nutrient digestibility of sudangrass silage. The M+LP treatment at wilted exhibited the strongest positive effects on silage quality and <i>in vitro</i> ruminal fermentation characteristics.

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