scholarly journals PSXIV-35 Evaluation of a direct fed microbial in newly received, high-risk beef calves and the subsequent impact on performance and health

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 432-433
Author(s):  
Ellen Herring ◽  
Jase Ball ◽  
Elizabeth Kegley ◽  
James Turner ◽  
Elizabeth Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Propionibacterium Freudenreichii ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibiotic Cost ◽  
Lactobacillus Animalis

Abstract Crossbred beef calves [n = 240, body weight (BW) = 257 ± 3.5 kg] were obtained on 3 dates (block, 8 pens/block) and were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) CON = top-dress supplement (0.11 kg/d) with no direct-fed microbial, 2) BOV = top dress supplement (0.11 kg/d) that provided 113.5 mg/d of a direct-fed microbial (BOVAMINE DEFEND®, 2 g/d, Lactobacillus animalis, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, 1 × 109 CFU2/g). Study objective was to determine the effect of BOV on growth performance and health when included in the diet. From d 0 to 14, ADG was improved (P = 0.05) for BOV compared to CON as ADG were 0.89 and 0.74 kg, respectively. Overall ADG over the 43-d receiving period was not different (P = 0.65); numerically there was a 0.03 kg improvement in BOV (0.90) compared to CON (0.87 kg). The percentage of calves treated for clinical BRD with the first treatment antibiotic (florfenicol) was not affected (P = 0.40); however, was numerically reduced by 6.8% for BOV (61.2% morbidity) compared to CON (68.0% morbidity). There was a trend for the percentage of calves treated with a second antibiotic (enrofloxacin) to be reduced (P = 0.17) for calves supplemented with BOV (9.1%) compared to CON (15.2%). There was also a trend for the mean total number of antibiotics used to be reduced (P = 0.16) in BOV compared to CON. Overall antibiotic cost, was not affected (P = 0.23) by BOV supplementation; however, numerically there was a $3.27 reduction in antibiotic cost for BOV compared to CON. The supplementation of BOV in high-risk calves may improve growth performance and health, reduce clinical BRD in calves after first treatment and could potentially reduce the use of antibiotics in calves at a high risk for BRD during the receiving period.

scholarly journals Evaluation of early growth performance of backcross progenies from crossbred gilts mated with their native parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
P. E. Nwaku ◽  
M. O. Otuma
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
State University ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Linear Body

The pre weaning growth performance of piglets from four different cross bred dams mated back to their native parents was studied in the Breeding and Research Farm of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki. Parameters like body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency as well as linear body measurements of body length, heart girth and height  at withers were taken and observed for growth between birth and weaning age of eight weeks. Results Results indicated significant differences (P<0.05) between the main backcross N x (N x LR) and the three other genotypes of N x (N x LW), N x (LR x N) and N x (LW x N) in all parameters. The mean birth weight of the progenies ranged from 1.00±0.60 to 1.60±5kg while the weaning weights were 10.5±0.4 to 16.0±1.0kg respectively. Results further revealed that body weight at weaning correlated responsively with all parameters and these include body length (r=0.858), heart girth (r= 0.446) and height at the withers (r= 0.946). Similarly, body length has a positive correlation with heart girth (r= 0.477) and height at the withers (r= 0.827) whereas hear girth correlated positively with the height at the withers (r= 0.494). Similar trend were obtained in the regression of each of the body measurements on the other in which bodyweight changes depended more on that of body length (0.86) than on heart girth (0.45). Judging from the observed variations existing among the piglets resulting from differnt crossbreed dams in their pre-weaning growth performance, maternal rather than paternal influences appeared to be more important in the traits studied.   

scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on clinical health, growth performance, and carcass traits of high-risk cattle during the feedlot receiving and finishing periods1

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor M Smock ◽  
Kendall L Samuelson ◽  
Jerilyn E Hergenreder ◽  
P Whitney Rounds ◽  
John T Richeson
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Chromium Propionate

Abstract The study objective was to determine the effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on health, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of high-risk beef cattle during a 56-d feedlot receiving period and the subsequent finishing period. Four truckload blocks of crossbred beef bulls (n = 300) and steers [n = 84; body weight (BW) = 220 ± 16.2 kg] were sourced from regional auction markets and assigned randomly to treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. The generalized complete block design consisted of 12 pen replications per treatment with pen as the experimental unit. Treatments were: 1) placebo control (CON); 2) 13 g per animal daily of B. subtilis PB6 (CST); 3) 450 ppb dry matter (DM) chromium propionate (CHR); and 4) 13 g per animal daily of B. subtilis PB6 and 450 ppb DM chromium propionate (CST + CHR). Treatments were top dressed in feed bunks daily using 0.45 kg per animal ground corn carrier immediately following feed delivery. Data were analyzed using mixed models. During the receiving period, dry matter intake (DMI) increased (P ≤ 0.03) for CST during each interim period. Overall receiving period daily DMI was 0.35 kg per animal greater for CST (P = 0.01). Cattle fed CST had greater (P ≤ 0.06) BW on days 14, 28, and 56. Likewise, average daily gain (ADG) was improved for CST from day 0 to 14 (P = 0.04) and for the overall receiving period (days 0–56; P = 0.04). From days 0 to 14, CST tended (P = 0.08) to increase gain:feed. During the finishing period, CHR reduced (P = 0.02) final BW and ADG (day 56 to final; P = 0.01) and ADG was less for CHR over the entire feeding period (day 0 to final; P = 0.03). The main effect of both CST (P = 0.02) and CHR (P = 0.03) decreased the overall treatment rate for bovine respiratory disease (BRD), and CST reduced overall antimicrobial treatment cost by $3.50 per animal compared to CON (P = 0.03). Hot carcass weight (HCW) decreased (P = 0.01) in cattle fed CHR. The percentage of edible livers tended to increase (CST × CHR; P = 0.08) in the CST treatment. Feed intake and growth performance outcomes during the receiving period were improved by CST but not CHR supplementation. However, both CST and CHR supplementation decreased the BRD morbidity rate. During the finishing period, performance and HCW were reduced in cattle supplemented with CHR.

scholarly journals PSVI-2 The effect of a recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxoid on the health and growth performance of high-risk, newly received stocker cattle metaphylactically treated with tilmicosin

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
Autumn T Pickett ◽  
Jase Ball ◽  
Elizabeth Kegley ◽  
Ken Blue ◽  
Jacob A Hagenmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Mannheimia Haemolytica ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bovine Virus Diarrhea

Abstract Crossbred male beef calves (n = 259; bulls = 134, steers = 125; body weight = 250 ± 3.4 kg) approximately 6 months of age and considered high-risk for developing bovine respiratory disease arrived on 3 dates (block) and were stratified by arrival castrate status and weight to be evenly distributed across pens (8 pens/block; 9 to 12 calves/pen). The pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) Nuplura PH (administration of a Mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxoid at processing) or 2) Control (no M. haemolytica leukotoxoid). All cattle received tilmicosin on d 0 with a 5-d post-metaphylactic interval. Body weights were recorded on d -1, 0, 14, 28, 41 and 42. Blood was collected on d -1, 14, 28, and 42 and sera were harvested to determine serum neutralization titers for bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) type I and bovine anti-M. haemolytica leukotoxin antibodies. Calves were observed daily for signs of morbidity. Body weight and average daily gain were not affected (P ≥ 0.26) by treatment. The percentage of calves administered 1, 2, or 3 antibiotic treatments for clinical bovine respiratory disease did not differ (P ≥ 0.35). There was a tendency for mortality to be greater for Control compared to Nuplura PH (1.6 vs 0.0%; P = 0.10). Calves administered Nuplura PH possessed greater antibody response against M. haemolytica leukotoxin on d 14, 28, and 42 compared to Control calves (P &lt; 0.01). There was no treatment × day interaction for antibody titers against BVD (P = 0.98). The use of a M. haemolytica leukotoxoid had no effect on growth performance and morbidity for the 42-d following receiving in this small-pen study, but reduced the incidence of mortality and did not interfere with antibody response to BVD vaccination in high-risk, newly received calves metaphylactically treated with tilmicosin on arrival.

Effects of Photoperiods on the Growth Performance of Juvenile Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton, 1822)

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Awasthi ◽  
Pragya Gupta ◽  
Farah Bano ◽  
Mohammad Serajuddin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Light Duration ◽  
The Mean

Juvenile of Trichogaster lalius was reared under three photoperiod conditions (0L:24D, 12L:12D, 16L:08D) for 60 days to examine the growth performance under laboratory conditions. The maximum growth was observed in the juvenile of T. lalius exposed to 16:00 hrs. light. The mean body weight of different groups of juvenile fish exposed to different light conditions were significantly different (p<0.05) from each other which was observed from 20thday of the experiment. The absolute, specific, and relative growth rates were found to be maximum in the group exposed to 16:00 hrs. light duration. The present study indicated that 16:00 hrs. light duration was considered to be better for the growth of juvenile of T. lalius under controlled condition.

Effect of Weaning and Natural Suckling on the Colostrum, Milk and Dry Matter Intake and Growth Performance of Sahiwal Calves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranay Bharti ◽  
M.L. Kamboj
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
The Mean

Background: The young calves are the future replacement stock in any farm. Traditionally calves are allowed to suckle their dams while in modern intensive dairy farming calves get separated from the dam. The current study was aimed to find the influence of weaning and natural suckling on the colostrum, milk and dry matter intake growth performance of Sahiwal calves. Methods: Twelve newborn Sahiwal calves were selected and divided into 2 groups, one group was weaned from their dams immediately after birth (weaned group) and another allowed to suckle their dam (suckled group). The parameters were taken daily for colostrum intake, weekly for milk intake and fortnightly for total dry matter intake (from milk, green fodder and concentrate), body weight and average body weight gain. Result: The mean daily colostrum intake during the first 3 feedings were significantly (P less than 0.05) lower in weaned calves as compared to suckled calves. The mean daily milk intake was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in suckled (3.37 kg/day) as compared to weaned (2.80 kg/day) calves whereas average total dry matter intake did not differ between weaned and suckled calves. The mean final body weights at 12th fortnight was only numerically higher in suckled group of calves as compared to weaned group of calves while the overall average daily gain (ADG) was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher in case of suckled calves (0.419±0.012 kg/day) than weaned (0.377±0.009) group of Sahiwal calves. It was concluded that the colostrum and milk intake performance as well as the final body weight and average daily body weight gain was improved in naturally suckled Sahiwal calves as compared to weaned calves.

077 Comparison of Tulathromycin and Gamithromycin on Growth Performance, Morbidity, and Treatment Cost in High-Risk, Newly Received Beef Calves

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 38-38
Author(s):  
J. J. Ball ◽  
E. B. Kegley ◽  
J. A. Hornsby ◽  
J. L. Reynolds ◽  
J. G. Powell
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Beef Calves

scholarly journals Comparison of growth performance among channel-blue hybrid catfish, ccGH transgenic channel catfish, and channel catfish in a tank culture system

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nermeen Y. Abass ◽  
Zhi Ye ◽  
Ahmed Alsaqufi ◽  
Rex A. Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Hybrid Catfish ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Female Hybrid

AbstractFish is an essential source of high-quality protein for people worldwide. The present study was designed to compare the growth performance among the channel-blue hybrid catfish, channel catfish transgenic for the channel catfish growth hormone (ccGH) cDNA driven by the antifreeze protein promoter from an ocean pout Zoarces americanus (opAFP-ccGH), and non-transgenic channel catfish control. Mean body weight of channel-blue hybrid catfish was 15.80 and 24.06% larger than non-transgenic channel catfish control at 4 and 18 months of age, respectively. However, transgenic opAFP-ccGH channel catfish were 5.52 and 43.41% larger than channel-blue hybrid catfish and 22.19 and 77.91% larger than their controls at 4 and 18 months of age, respectively. Significant differences in mean body weight between the sexes within all genetic types were found. Males were larger than females (P < 0.001). However, mean body weight of non-transgenic males was not larger than transgenic opAFP-ccGH females or male and female hybrid catfish. Condition factor of transgenic opAFP-ccGH channel catfish was higher (P < 0.05) than that of full-sibling, non-transgenic channel catfish and hybrid catfish. The mean percentage body weight gain of GH transgenic channel catfish was 559%, the channel-blue hybrid catfish was 384.9% and their non-transgenic controls channel catfish was 352.6%.

scholarly journals Growth performance of cockerel chicks fed cassava Leaf meal

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
J. U. OGBONNA ◽  
A. O. OREDEIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
A Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Body Weight ◽  
The Mean

The effects of diets containing 0, 150 and 300g/kg sun-dried cassava leaf meal (CLM) on the growth performance of cockerel chicks were studied. The experimental diets A, B and C were both isonitrogenous and isoenergetic in formulation. Chicks on diets A, B and C consumed 89.89, 103.16 and 104.71g/bird/day, respectively. The mean daily body weight gain showed a significant difference (P <0.05) between treatments A and C but not between B and C (P >0.05). The highest mean daily body weight gain (20.11g/bird) was obtained on diet A, while the lowest value (11.70g/bird) was obtained on diet C. The chicks on diets B and C showed a continous depression in growth rate with increasing dietary CLM. The feed conversion ratio showed significant differences (P<0.05) between treatments. A value of 0.22 was obtained on diet A, while 0.11 was recorded on diet C. The chicks on treatment A tended to rest more often than those on treatment B or C, which appeared more "active" and "visited" the feed troughs more often. 

Pre-operative Plasma Levels of Thrombin-Antithrombin III Complexes Correlate with the Development of Venous Thrombosis after Major Hip or Knee Surgery

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (02) ◽  
pp. 602-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S Ginsberg ◽  
Patrick Brill-Edwards ◽  
Akbar Panju ◽  
Ameen Patel ◽  
Joanne McGinnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Knee Surgery ◽  
Referral Centre ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Major Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryStudy objective. To determine whether levels of thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) in plasma, taken two weeks pre-operatively, predict the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing major hip or knee surgery.Design. Prospective cohort.Setting. Tertiary-care referral centre, university-affiliated hospital.Patients. Ninety eight consecutive patients undergoing elective hip or knee surgery.Intervention. All eligible consenting patients were seen in a preoperative clinic two weeks prior to surgery and had blood taken for measurement of plasma TAT level. After surgery, they received a combination of unfractionated heparin 5000 Units 12-hourly subcutaneously, and antiembolism stockings (TEDS), as prophylaxis against DVT. Contrast venography was performed prior to discharge, and according to the results, patients were classified as having proximal (popliteal and/or more proximal) DVT (n = 12), calf DVT (n = 7) or no DVT (n = 79).Measurements and Results. The mean TAT level was significantly higher in patients who developed DVT (5.7 μg/l) than in those who did not (4.1 μg/l), p = 0.035. Using cut-points of 3.5 and 5.5 μg/l for the TAT level, patients could be categorized as high, intermediate, and low risk for the development of DVT. The proportion of patients with TAT levels of ≥3.5μg/l who developed calf or proximal DVT was significantly higher than the proportion of patients with TAT levels of <3.5 μg/l who developed calf or proximal DVT (p = 0.02). The proportion of patients with TAT levels >5.5 μg/l who developed proximal DVT was significantly higher than the proportion of patients with TAT levels of ≤5.5 μg/l who developed proximal DVT (p = 0.03).Conclusions. This study demonstrates that pre-operative TAT levels correlate with the risk of developing DVT after major orthopedic surgery. Further studies are needed to determine the reason(s) for this observation and whether rational recommendations about prophylaxis and screening for DVT can be made based on the results of a pre-operative TAT level.

Effect of High Plane of Nutrition on Blood Biochemical Profile and Onset of Puberty in Prepubertal HF X Kankrej Crossbred Heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
K K Hadiya ◽  
A J Dhami ◽  
D V Chaudhari ◽  
P M Lunagariya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
The Mean

This study was initiated on 24 prepubertal Holstein x Kankrej crossbred heifers of nearly identical age (7-9 months) and body weight (130-140 kg) at University farm to evaluate the effect of high plane of nutrition on blood biochemical and minerals profile and the age at puberty. Twelve heifers were managed under routine farm feeding (control) and the rest 12 under ideal optimum feeding regime (treatment) that included extra 1 kg concentrate, 30 g min mix and ad-lib dry fodder. The body weight and ovarian ultrasonography together with blood sampling was carried out at monthly interval from 10 to 18 months of age to study the ovarian dynamics and blood biochemical changes. High plane of nutrition to growing heifers was beneficial in reducing the age of onset of puberty (by 2-3 months) compared to routine farm fed group. The mean plasma total protein and cholesterol concentrations showed a rising trend with significant variations from 10 to 16 months of age, where it got mostly stabilized indicating adult profile. The activity of enzymes GOT and GPT also rose gradually and significantly from 10 months till 14-15 months of age, and thereafter it remained more or less static till 18 months of age. The levels of both these enzymes were higher, with lower protein and cholesterol, in control than the treatment group from 15-16 months of age onwards. The mean plasma levels of both calcium and phosphorus increased gradually and significantly with advancing age till 16-17 months of age, with little higher values in supplemented than a control group. The plasma levels of zinc, iron, copper, and cobalt also showed rising trend with significant differences between 10th and 12th-14th months of age, and from 15th to 18th months of age the levels were statistically the same in all the groups with slightly higher values in the treatment group.

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