The Practice of Yoga

2019 ◽  
pp. 325-335
Author(s):  
Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Supportive Environment ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Yoga Practitioners

Body image concerns, disordered eating, and eating disorders are of public health concern, given their high prevalence and adverse health consequences. Yoga may offer a tool for addressing these concerns given its underlying tenets and its increasing popularity. The practice of yoga involves both physical and mindfulness components. The physical aspect of yoga can involve varying degrees of cardiovascular and muscular exertion and can be adapted to meet different needs, skill levels, and body sizes. Thus, if yoga is offered within a supportive environment, yoga practitioners can learn to move in a manner that suits their individual bodies. The mindfulness component of yoga provides an opportunity for yoga practitioners to connect with themselves and their bodies in a positive and compassionate manner. This chapter includes a description of yoga and its potential for leading to a positive body image and greater embodiment.

scholarly journals Normalisation and Stigmatisation of Obesity in UK Newspapers: a Visual Content Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mr. Chris Patterson ◽  
Dr. Shona Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Manifest Content ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
The Uk

Obesity represents a major and growing global public health concern. The mass media play an important role in shaping public understandings of health, and obesity attracts much media coverage. This study offers the first content analysis of photographs illustrating UK newspaper articles about obesity. The researchers studied 119 articles and images from five major national newspapers. Researchers coded the manifest content of each image and article and used a graphical scale to estimate the body size of each image subject. Data were analysed with regard to the concepts of the normalisation and stigmatisation of obesity. Articles’ descriptions of subjects’ body sizes were often found to differ from coders’ estimates, and subjects described as obese tended to represent the higher values of the obese BMI range, differing from the distribution of BMI values of obese adults in the UK. Researchers identified a tendency for image subjects described as overweight or obese to be depicted in stereotypical ways that could reinforce stigma. These findings are interpreted as illustrations of how newspaper portrayals of obesity may contribute to societal normalisation and the stigmatisation of obesity, two forces that threaten to harm obese individuals and undermine public health efforts to reverse trends in obesity.

scholarly journals Importance of Wild Species Kept in Captivity as Reservoirs of Salmonella Serotypes for Human in Petting Exhibitions and Zoo in Iran with Focus on Antimicrobial Resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Hamid Staji ◽  
Ladan Zandiar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Enteric Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Zoo Animals ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Potential Public Health

AbstractSalmonella spp. is the leading cause of zoonotic enteric diseases wich represents a public health concern worldwide. The incidence of zoo-associated salmonellosis is rather high due to the high prevalence and shedding of this bacterium from wild animals specially kept in stressful conditions. To determine the potential public health risk presented by zoo animals in Semnan, we investigated the prevalence of Salmonella serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium among wild animal species kept in the zoo and pet shops. Totally, 152 fecal samples from species in the zoo and pet shops were collected and Salmonella prevalence and identification was assessed via standard bacteriologic culture methods, serotyping, multiplex-PCR and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Overall, 21% (32/152) of the samples were confirmed positive for Salmonella and serotyping showed 12.5% (19/32) Salmonella serovar Enteritidis and 8.5% (13/32) serovar Typhimurium, respectively. All the Salmonella isolates were sensitive to Chloramphenicole, Flurefenicole, Meropenem, Ceftizoxime, Imipenem and Ampicillin, while resistance was observed in the case of Nalidixic acid (78%) as the highest resistance, Streptomycin (28%), Oxytetracycline, Neomycin, Furazolidone (each one 15%) and Lincospectin (9.3%). The high occurrence of multidrug resistance Salmonella in zoo and pet animals represents a potential threat to public health and requires strict surveillance and application of hygienic criteria.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among adolescent girls in selected Indian states

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Angeline Jeyakumar ◽  
Vidhya Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
National Prevalence

Background: Vitamin D deficiency among adolescents is an emerging public health priority as adolescence marks a period of rapid growth and the onset of the reproductive phase. However, lack of national prevalence data and intervention strategies is of public health concern. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among adolescent girls in selected Indian states. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed using three different search engines. The searches yielded nine eligible articles. Study quality was assessed for 10 different criteria. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among adolescent girls and to assess the heterogeneity among selected studies. Results: A sample of n=1352 was used to study prevalence among adolescent girls. The random effects combined estimate for overall prevalence was 25.70% (95% CI 3.89–2137.9). High heterogeneity (tau2=1.71, I2=100%) was observed and seven out of nine studies showed low to moderate risk and two showed high risk of bias. The test for overall effect was observed to be Z=0.77 ( p=0.44). Conclusions: High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among adolescent girls identifies the need to introduce screening of adolescents and introduce proven public-health interventions such as fortification of foods to address deficiency.

Body dissatisfaction: an overlooked public health concern

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela M. Bucchianeri ◽  
Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
The Public

Purpose – In contrast to the attention it has received in related fields of research, body image has remained understudied within the field of public health. This is highly problematic, given a growing body of evidence implicating body dissatisfaction in a range of other public health concerns. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This commentary is based on a review of the public health, body image, eating disorder, and mental health literatures. Findings – Body dissatisfaction is implicated in a range of public health concerns, including impaired psychological health (e.g. depression) and eating- and weight-related problems (e.g. eating disorders, obesity). Originality/value – Given these associations, as well as the high levels of body dissatisfaction in the population, the authors argue for a critical need to address the prevalence of body image concerns as a public health issue worthy of greater consideration within programs and policies; dedicated funding for research on antecedents, consequences, and intervention strategies; and allocated resources for training.

scholarly journals Yoga Practice Among Ethnically/Racially Diverse Emerging Adults: Associations with Body Image, Mindful and Disordered Eating, and Muscle-Enhancing Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne Neumark-Sztainer ◽  
Melanie M Wall ◽  
Jongwoo Choi ◽  
Daheia J. Barr-Anderson ◽  
Marla E. Eisenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Mindful Eating ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Weight Control Behaviors ◽  
Yoga Practitioners

Abstract Background: Yoga may be beneficial for young people at risk for body dissatisfaction and unhealthy behaviors aimed at changing one’s body shape and size. This study explores associations between yoga practice and body image, mindful eating, disordered eating, and muscle-enhancing behaviors among a population-based sample of emerging adults from diverse socio-economic and ethnic/racial backgrounds.Methods: Survey data were collected from 1,568 ethnically/racially diverse emerging adults (18-26 years) as part of the EAT 2010-2018 study (Eating and Activity over Time). Results: Practicing yoga at least 30 minutes/week was reported by 12.7% (n=210) of the sample. In models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, yoga practitioners had higher levels of mindful eating and body satisfaction than non-practitioners. Of concern, yoga practitioners were more likely to use steroids to enhance the size or tone of their muscles than those not practicing yoga (4.2% vs. 0.8%, p<.001). Furthermore, 35.4% of yoga practitioners used protein powder or shakes in the past year as compared to 25.0% of those not practicing yoga (p=.005). Yoga practitioners had similar levels of unhealthy weight control behaviors and binge eating to those not practicing yoga. Associations between yoga practice and body satisfaction, mindful eating, disordered eating, and muscle-enhancing behaviors were similar across ethnic/racial groups.Conclusions: In order to promote yoga among diverse populations, and enhance its safety and benefits for weight-related health, it is crucial for settings in which yoga is offered, and yoga teachers, to have awareness of the high prevalence of concerning disordered eating and muscle-enhancing behaviors among students and to address accordingly.

scholarly journals 1163. Minocycline EDTA Ethanol (MEDTA+EtOH) Lock Is Highly Efficacious in Rapidly Eradicating Candida auris Biofilm

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S416-S416
Author(s):  
Ruth A Reitzel ◽  
Joel Rosenblatt ◽  
Bahgat Gerges ◽  
Nylev Vargas-Cruz ◽  
Ray Y Hachem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
Lock Solution ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Highly Effective

Abstract Background Bloodstream infections due to Candida auris are an emerging public health concern due to high prevalence of antifungal resistance and significant rates of patient mortality. C. auris is typically azole-resistant; however, several strains have been identified with elevated MICs to all major classes of antifungals. Previously we reported that a synergistic combination of MEDTA+EtOH was highly effective in a clinical trial that evaluated salvage of catheters in patients with bacterial CLABSI. We have also previously reported in vitro studies that demonstrated this combination was capable of eradicating ordinary yeast CLABSI pathogens. In this study we evaluated the ability MEDTA+EtOH lock to rapidly eradicate C. auris biofilms. Methods Biofilm eradication of C. auris was evaluated in 10 strains. Candida auris biofilm was grown on silicone discs for 24 hours. Discs were then washed to remove any nonadherent organisms and exposed for 60 minutes to 1 mg/mL Minocycline + 30 mg/mL EDTA + 25% Ethanol (MEDTA+EtOH) lock solution. 1.35% Taurolidine + 3.5% Citrate + 1000U Heparin (TCH) lock solution was used as a comparator. Discs were exposed to Muller–Hinton broth as a control. Subsequently discs were sonicated for 15 minutes in 5 mL of saline and quantitatively cultured onto sabouraud dextrose agar. Plates were incubated at 37°C for 48 hours and counted for growth. All testing was conducted with 6 replicates. Results Median and range of recovered viable colonies are presented below. MEDTA+EtOH was significantly more efficacious compared with control (P = 0.002 for all strains) in completely eradicating all replicates in all 10 strains of C. auris tested. MEDTA+EtOH was also superior compared with TCH lock solution (P = 0.002) for all strains. Conclusion MEDTA+EtOH is highly effective and was superior to TCH and positive control in the rapid in vitro eradication of all 10 strains of C. auris biofilms tested. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

An Integrated Approach to Eating Disorders and Obesity Prevention: What Has the Research Taught Us?

2018 ◽  
pp. 228-244
Author(s):  
Dianne Neumark-Sztainer ◽  
Katie A. Loth
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Shared Risk ◽  
Great Public Health

The broad spectrum of weight-related problems, including obesity, eating disorders, and disordered eating, is of great public health concern for adolescents, given the high prevalence and potentially harmful consequences of these problems. Traditionally the fields of obesity and eating disorders have been separate, but there has been a shift toward integration given conceptual support, empirical findings regarding shared risk factors, and practicalities related to limited time and resources. This article summarizes key research findings providing justification for an integrated approach to the prevention of obesity, eating disorders, and disordered eating behaviors. In addition, opportunities for integration within various settings are described.

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