Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 391-410
Author(s):  
George Kunnackal John ◽  
Mohammed Razvi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
The World ◽  
Red Meat Intake ◽  
Related Mortality

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. However, the adoption of a healthier lifestyle, including modifications in diet, physical activity, and regular screening can drastically reduce the risk for CRC. Major risk factors for CRC include lack of a balanced diet, high red meat intake, physical inactivity, alcohol, and smoking. There is widespread geographic variation in the rates of CRC across the world, reflecting differences in exposure to these risk factors and the influence of protective factors in these regions. In this chapter, we summarize the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and risk factors, and focus on the prevention of CRC through an integrative approach.

Prevalence of and factors associated with insufficient physical activity among adolescents: evidence from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif ◽  
Md Showkat Ali Khan ◽  
Abu Ahmed Shamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
World Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽  
The World ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The World Health Organization set a target of a 15% relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity (IPA) by 2025 among adolescents and adults globally. In Bangladesh, there are no national estimates of the prevalence of IPA among adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent girls and boys. Data for 4865 adolescent girls and 4907 adolescent boys, collected as a part of a National Nutrition Surveillance in 2018–19, were analysed for this study. A modified version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to collect physical activity data. The World Health Organization recommended cut-off points were used to estimate the prevalence of IPA. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with IPA. Prevalences of IPA among adolescent girls and boys were 50.3% and 29.0%, respectively, and the prevalence was significantly higher among early adolescents (10–14 years) than late adolescents (15–19 years) among both boys and girls. The IPA prevalence was highest among adolescents living in non-slum urban areas (girls: 77.7%; boys: 64.1%). For both boys and girls, younger age, non-slum urban residence, higher paternal education and increased television viewing time were significantly associated with IPA. Additionally, residing in slums was significantly associated with IPA only among the boys. Higher maternal education was associated with IPA only among the girls. This study identified several modifiable risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent boys and girls in Bangladesh. These factors should be addressed through comprehensive public health interventions to promote physical activity among adolescent girls and boys.

scholarly journals Colorectal cancer in the world: incidence, mortality and risk factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Sadeghi Gandomani ◽  
Seyed Majid Yousefi ◽  
Mohammad Aghajani ◽  
Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani ◽  
Abed Asgari Tarazoj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The World ◽  
Peer Reviewers

A rapid literature search strategy was conducted for all English language literature published before July 2017. The search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The search strategy included the keywords ‘colorectal cancer’, ‘epidemiology’, ‘incidence’, ‘mortality’, ‘risk factor’, and ‘world’. In 2012, the highest CRC incidence rates were observed in the Republic of Korea, Slovakia and Hungary while the lowest incidence rates were seen in Singapore, Serbia and Japan. The highest CRC mortality rates in both sexes were seen in Central and Eastern Europe and the lowest mortality rates were found in Middle Division of Africa. The main risk factors for CRC include nutritional factors, past medical history, smoking, socioeconomic status, and family medical history. According to the increasing trend of CRC incidence and mortality in the world, implementation of prevention programs such as screening programs, diet modification, and healthy lifestyle education is necessary. Peer Review Details Peer review method: Single-Blind (Peer-reviewers: 02) Peer-review policy Plagiarism software screening?: Yes Date of Original Submission: 26 August 2017 Date accepted: 20 Sept 2017 Peer reviewers approved by: Dr. Lili Hami Editor who approved publication: Dr. Phuc Van Pham  

scholarly journals Current Tissue Molecular Markers in Colorectal Cancer: A Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaia Peluso ◽  
Paola Incollingo ◽  
Armando Calogero ◽  
Vincenzo Tammaro ◽  
Niccolò Rupealta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Ct Colonography ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Endoscopic Evaluation ◽  
The World

Background. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most spread neoplasia types all around the world, especially in western areas. It evolves from precancerous lesions and adenomatous polyps, through successive genetic and epigenetic mutations. Numerous risk factors intervene in its development and they are either environmental or genetic.Aim of the Review. Alongside common screening techniques, such as fecal screening tests, endoscopic evaluation, and CT-colonography, we have identified the most important and useful biomarkers and we have analyzed their role in the diagnosis, prevention, and prognosis of CRC.Conclusion. Biomarkers can become an important tool in the diagnostic and therapeutic process for CRC. But further studies are needed to identify a noninvasive, cost-effective, and highly sensible and specific screening test for their detection and to standardize their use in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Colorectal cancer: a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Granados-Romero ◽  
Alan Isaac Valderrama-Treviño ◽  
Ericka Hazzel Contreras-Flores ◽  
Baltazar Barrera-Mera ◽  
Miguel Herrera Enríquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Colonic Polyps ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Basis Risk ◽  
Intestinal Inflammatory Disease

Colorectal cancer (CCR) is the third most common cancer worldwide in men and women, the second largest cause of death related to cancer, and the main cause of death in gastrointestinal cancer. The risk of developing this cancer is related to bad alimentary habits, smoking, intestinal inflammatory disease, polyps, genetic factors, and aging. Of the patients that are diagnosed with colorectal cancer 90% are older than 50, with a median age of 64 years; however, the disease is more aggressive in patients that are diagnosed at younger ages. According to the American Cancer Association, it was accounted for more than 49,700 deaths in 2015. The goal is to reduce the mortality rate with early diagnosis and treatment. Currently, the survival rate is used to predict a patient’s prognosis. The patient is considered to have a positive familial history if a first-degree relative has been diagnosed with colorectal cancer or colonic polyps before the age of 60, or also if two or more first-degree relatives have been diagnosed with cancer or polyps at any age. There are several methods for detecting colorectal cancer, such as the guaiac test, immunochemical test of stool, DNA stool test, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and barium enema. The stage in which the cancer is detected determines the prognosis, survival, and treatment of the patient. Provide a review about generalities, genetic basis, risk factors, protective factors, clinical course, diagnostic methods, therapy and survival in colorectal cancer. Conducted research from different databases such as PubMed, Medline, MedScape, on the definition, genetic factors, classification, risk factors, protective factors, diagnostic methods, epidemiology, survival and treatment of colorectal cancer. Articles from 2000 to 2017 were included using the following keywords.

scholarly journals Red Meat Intake, NAT2, and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 11 Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan ◽  
Mengmeng Du ◽  
Sonja I. Berndt ◽  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
Bette J. Caan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Red Meat Intake

scholarly journals Alcohol, physical activity and other risk factors for colorectal cancer: A prospective study

1987 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Wu ◽  
A Paganini-Hill ◽  
RK Ross ◽  
BE Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals The effects of physical inactivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 241-243
Author(s):  
Ferhan Soyuer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
World Health ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
The World ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Health Organization

Physical inactivity constitutes the basis of diseases that reduce life duration and quality and rank first among the causes of death in the world. Worldwide, it has been determined that 23 % of adults aged 18 and over are not active enough. According to the World Health Organization, sedentary life is among the main risk factors for deaths from non-communicable diseases worldwide and causes approximately 3.2 million deaths per year. For this reason, the issue of reducing inactivity has gained importance in the world today. As a solution, it is thought that increasing physical activity requires not only individual but also community-specific, multi-sectoral, multi-disciplinary and culturally appropriate approaches.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of the cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients in Mongolia

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
B. Tsetsegdulam ◽  
T. M. Maksikova ◽  
A. N. Kalyagin ◽  
G. M. Orlova ◽  
G. M. Sinkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Health Organization

The review analyzes the structure of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with hypertension in Mongolia. According to the WHO data from 2014 the prevalence of hypertension in Mongolia is high among men and above medium level among women. In adults (≥ 18 years old), the prevalence of hypertension constituted 28,7% (25,8 % among men and 22,9 % among women), and when adjusted for age it achieved 31,8% (34,8% and 28,8 %, respectively). The most important modifable (non-nutritious food, low physical activity, smoking, alcohol abuse, obesity, hyperglycemia) and non-modifable risk factors of cardiovascular diseases are considered. We perform a comparative analysis of the Mongolian data with the data of the World Health Organization, the Russian Federation and other countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document