Musculoskeletal disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-142
Author(s):  
Lope H. Barrero ◽  
Alberto J. Caban-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Classification Structure

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major public health burden ranking third in terms of the causes of disability among persons worldwide. Since the seventies, life expectancy at birth around the world has risen roughly by 13 years for women and 12 years for men, creating a greater probability of experiencing some type of MSD during the life course. In this chapter, we first introduce the definition and classification structure of musculoskeletal disorders and provide a comprehensive description of selected MSDs (i.e. low back pain, neck pain, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis) of major concern to public health research and practice. We then transition the discussion on a global scale, to the incidence and prevalence of MSDs, their economic impact, and growing burden on society. There are various known modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of MSDs that will also be discussed including an emphasis on the presence and influence of ageing and obesity on MSDs. Lastly we summarize future directions in terms of research, practice, and policy that can be implemented and developed to improve the global burden of musculoskeletal disorders. In the advent of a large ageing population and increased life expectancy, the burden of musculoskeletal disorders can be expected to increase globally.

OP134 Predictors Of Public Health Outcomes: A Case Study From Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
Songul Cinaroglu ◽  
Onur Baser
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Outcome Indicators ◽  
Random Forest Classification ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Forest Classification ◽  
Province Level ◽  
Public Health Outcome

INTRODUCTION:In Turkey, there is a scarcity of knowledge about the predictors of health outcomes at a national level, and it is well known that there is a gap between rural and urban parts of developing countries in terms of the level of health outcomes. This study aims to find out predictor factors of the public health outcomes at a province level in Turkey.METHODS:Life expectancy at birth and mortality are used as public health outcome indicators. Logistic regression and Random Forest classification generated by using 50, 100, and 150 trees were used to compare prediction performance of health outcomes. The results of different prediction methods were recorded changing the “k” parameter from 3 to 20 in k-fold cross validation. The Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) was used as a measure of prediction accuracy. Prediction performance differences were tested using Kruskall-Wallis analysis and visualized on a heatmap. Finally, predictor variables of public health outcomes were shown on a decision tree.RESULTS:Study results revealed that Logistic regression outperformed Random Forest classification. The difference between all prediction methods to predict public health outcome indicators was statistically significant (p<.000). The heatmap shows that AUC values to predict mortality have superior performance when compared with life expectancy at birth. Decision tree graphs present that the most important predictor variables were total number of beds for mortality and percentage of higher education graduates for life expectancy at birth.CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study represent a preliminary attempt to determine public health outcome indicators. It is hoped that the results of this study serve as a basis to understand the determinants of health care outcomes at province level with focus on a developing country. This study illustrates that there is a need to spend extra effort for future studies to analyze public health outcomes to improve social welfare functions in health systems.

scholarly journals Using Twitter for Public Health Surveillance from Monitoring and Prediction to Public Response

Data ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Jordan ◽  
Sierra Hovet ◽  
Isaac Fung ◽  
Hai Liang ◽  
King-Wa Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
Health Related

Twitter is a social media platform where over 500 million people worldwide publish their ideas and discuss diverse topics, including their health conditions and public health events. Twitter has proved to be an important source of health-related information on the Internet, given the amount of information that is shared by both citizens and official sources. Twitter provides researchers with a real-time source of public health information on a global scale, and can be very important in public health research. Classifying Twitter data into topics or categories is helpful to better understand how users react and communicate. A literature review is presented on the use of mining Twitter data or similar short-text datasets for public health applications. Each method is analyzed for ways to use Twitter data in public health surveillance. Papers in which Twitter content was classified according to users or tweets for better surveillance of public health were selected for review. Only papers published between 2010–2017 were considered. The reviewed publications are distinguished by the methods that were used to categorize the Twitter content in different ways. While comparing studies is difficult due to the number of different methods that have been used for applying Twitter and interpreting data, this state-of-the-art review demonstrates the vast potential of utilizing Twitter for public health surveillance purposes.

scholarly journals REDUCING HEALTH INEQUALITIES AS A COMPONENT OF THE HEALTH TRAINING PROGRAMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-942
Author(s):  
Tetiana S. Gruzieva ◽  
Nataliia V. Hrechyshkina ◽  
Mykhаilo D. Diachuk ◽  
Vasyl A. Dufynets
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
The Difference

The aim: identifying the characteristics and trends of inequalities in the health of the population to substantiate the educational content of the curriculum for the training of Master in Public Health. Materials and methods: Bibliographic, sociological, medical-statistical and information-analytical methods were used in the study. Ukraine’s healthcare institutions were the scientific base of the study. The data on the average life expectancy, morbidity, mortality, satisfaction of medical needs of different groups of the population for revealing the social gradient are analyzed. Documents on strategies to reduce health inequalities have been examined. Results: Health inequalities between WHO countries have been identified, including a difference in the average life expectancy at birth of 17.1 years in premature mortality due to differences in the levels of economic development of countries. The inequality in the prevalence of diseases and the difference in the satisfaction of specific medical needs among the first and tenth decile population of Ukraine were determined. The prevalence of diseases of the genitourinary system in the population older than 60 years with low rates by 27.3% was higher than the figure among financially insured persons. The incidence of ocular pathology among adults with different income levels varied 1.8 times. The provisions of the WHO strategic documents on reducing health inequalities and its protection and on developing the public health system are analyzed. We justify the necessity of expanding the coverage of the problems of reducing disparities in health and health care in the course of training of the Master in Public Health. A modern curriculum “Social Medicine, Public Health” has been developed with the inclusion of inequalities in public health and appropriate educational and methodological support. Conclusion: The strategic goal of reducing inequalities in public health and its care requires integrating these issues into a modern master’s in public health program. The curriculum developed covers various aspects of health inequalities and health care, including the identification and assessment of disparities, the clarification of causes, the identification of counter-measures. Created educational and methodological support allows acquiring theoretical knowledge and practical skills that form the necessary competencies of professionals in the context of overcoming inequalities in health.

scholarly journals DAMPAK RESESI EKONOMI PADA PENURUNAN KEMATIAN DAN PENINGKATAN ANGKA HARAPAN HIDUP DI INDONESIA*

Populasi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siswanto Agus Wilopo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Government Role ◽  
Current Economic Crisis ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

Since July 1997, Indonesia has suffered a monetary crisis that has led to a high rate of inflation and economic recession. This situation has inflicted an impact on the individual at two levels that is through the family and then the government role. Economic recession ean also have a direct and indirect influence on the degree of public health. There is a phenomenon of epidemiological polarization, which has a bigger impact on handling public health issues during recession. Without a program and more effective and efficient activities compared with the previous years, the current economic crisis will endanger the pattern of the declining death rate and increasing life expectancy at birth. Although various studies indicate that recession and economic fluctuation does notalways lead to a stagnationand decline inpublic health, the economic conditions in Indonesia arefundamentally different from those in other countries going through a similar experience. Efforts to maintain a momentum in reducing death rate and increasing life expectancy require reinventingpublic health policy.

scholarly journals Life expectancy and cause of death in the Kuwaiti population 1987-2000

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
M. El Shazly ◽  
G. Makboul ◽  
A. El Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Kuwaiti Population ◽  
Annual Mortality

Census and health data were analysed to determine changes in life expectancy at birth during 1987-2000 in the Kuwaiti population and to correlate these with cause-specific annual mortality rates. Life expectancy at birth rose from 73.3 to 75.5 years with a gap between females and males, which increased from 2.2 to 4.5 years. For all causes of death except hypertension and ill-defined conditions, males had higher mortality than females. The leading causes of death in males were ischaemic heart diseases, traffic accidents and cancer, while in females they were cancer, ischaemic heart diseases and hypertension. The problems of an ageing population will need to be considered in planning the health policies of Kuwait

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Mortality on U.S. Life Expectancy by Socioeconomic Rank of County of Residence

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 236-236
Author(s):  
Denys Dukhovnov ◽  
Magali Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparities ◽  
National Data ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
The Us ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Mortality disparities due to COVID-19 pandemic in the US accentuated the gap in the targeted public health and education response among disadvantaged communities. We use county data from John Hopkins University of Medicine in conjunction with county socioeconomic decile rankings, and weekly national data from the Centers for Disease Control to uncover the impact of county-level socioeconomic deprivation on the spatio-temporal dynamic of COVID-19 mortality. We estimate that over the course of 2020, the pandemic reduced the life expectancy at birth by 1.33 years (95% CI 1.0-1.56), and by 0.84 years (95% CI 0.59-1.0) by age 85 across all county SES decile groups, relative to the previous year's projection. The highest losses occurred in counties at the ends of the deprivation spectrum, and least affecting those in its middle. Decomposition of the impact of the COVID-19 mortality by seasonal time periods of 2020 reveals that coastal urban and high-SES counties endured a heavy death toll in the initial stages of the pandemic, though managed to cut it by more than a half by the end of 2020. The least affluent, inland, and rural counties have experienced a dramatic and lasting increase in deaths toward the second half of the year. We find that preexisting socioeconomic disparities before COVID-19 remained in force during the pandemic, leaving populations at all ages residing in underserved communities at a greater risk. This both calls into question and further instructs the ongoing public health interventions enabling more effective and equitable infectious disease mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals Waste Management Systems’ Impact on Health and Environment in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Abarca Guerrero ◽  
V. Rudin Valverde ◽  
Ger Maas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
The Impact

There is a large body of literature produced in developed countries on the potential adverse health effects of different waste management options but hardly studied in developing countries. On the contrary, the relations between economic issues and the impact of waste management systems on the environment have been studied by different scholars from developing countries. This paper aims to explain associations between some parameters that describe waste management systems at a city level and country parameters in relation to public health and environmental pollution in developing countries. This work reviews waste management systems from more than thirty urban areas in 22 developing countries in 4 continents It describes partly their waste management as answers to 122 questions that include information of public sources and general country characteristics. A combination of methods was used in order to assess the impact of waste management system on health and the environment. Collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistic methods in order to draw conclusions. The outcomes were unable to provide convincing evidence of an association of waste management and the impact on health. On the contrary, the results show that some of the waste management practices have a negative influence in the environment. The study didn’t consider epidemiological evidences concerning public health, economy and pollution of the studied cities due to nonexistence or unreliable reliable information. Instead, data on country performance indicators for public health (perinatal mortality, adult mortality, life expectancy at birth and healthy life expectancy, an economic indicator (Gross Domestic Product/capita) and environmental indicators (ecological footprint / capita and  CO2-emission/capita were used. In addition, some other country characterization parameters were chosen (persons/km2, % urban population).

scholarly journals Public health management: life expectancy and air pollution

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgeta-Madalina Meghisan ◽  
Dorin Toma
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Public Health Management

Abstract Part of the National Strategy of Sustainable Development from Romania, life expectancy and air pollution indicators have an important role in establishing long term public health management strategies. International scientific literature within the field underlines the strong connection between air pollution and life expectancy. This research study focuses on the impact of greenhouse gas emissions, particulate matter air pollutants, ozone air pollutants on the length of life at 65 years old and life expectancy at birth of the population from Romania. The methods used for research are correlation and linear regression. Our results will be a starting point for further development of public health policies in developing countries, which mostly focus on socio-economic aspects, neglecting the negative impact of air pollution.

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