scholarly journals Political and institutional determinants of migration policies

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Toni Ricciardi ◽  
Sandro Cattacin
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Migration

International migration is an especially important interpretive key through which to understand the long history of globalization. Over the last 20 years, an increasing number of countries have experienced a prolonged transition in the nature of the migration to which they are subject: countries that were historically lands of emigration are becoming lands of immigration. This chapter describes how migration and migration policies have changed over the last two centuries, especially in Europe. Until the French Revolution, Europe had considered immigration a resource and not a scourge, and European imperialism has probably sown the seeds of distrust and racism that continue to pervade the world today. European states have alternated between policies favouring the restriction and promotion of migration, depending on their own perceived economic and geopolitical needs. Paradoxically, periods of restriction, intended to protect the domestic economy, preceded economic crises. It is possible to trace a cause-and-effect relationship between restrictive policies and subsequent economic crises.

History of Turkey's Economic Crises

2017 ◽  
pp. 318-332
Author(s):  
Hakan Ay ◽  
Öznur Uçar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Advanced Economy ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Turkish Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Economic

Examine the history of Turkey's economic crisis based economy will give clues for a much better economy. For 92 years, history of Turkey Republic has experienced the development stages of democracy and economy. Turkey has completed the journey of economic development as the most advanced economy in the world, although began as an undeveloped country. Turkey has been affected from the global and regional crises and overcame the nine economic crises. The implemented economic crisis policies showed parallelism with the trend of the world economic thoughts and has been shaped around Keynes and Friedman applications. All these details have been described in our study chronologically. With our study, we were trying to portray the Turkish economy's yesterday and today. Thus, we believe that our study will create data for predicting the future of the Turkish economy and the future of the world of economy.

scholarly journals A brief history of metrology: past, present, and future

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Fanton
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
International System ◽  
Actual State ◽  
The Past ◽  
System Of Units ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we take the freedom to paraphrase Stephen Hawking's well-known formula and approach, for a reflection about metrology. In fact, metrology has a past, a present, and a future. The past is marked by a rich series of events, of which we shall highlight only those which resulted in major turns. The impact of the French Revolution is indisputably one of them. The present corresponds to a significant evolution, which is the entry of metrology into the world of quantum physics, with the relevant changes in the International System of units (SI). An apercu of the actual state of the art of metrological technology is given. The future is characterised by a persisting need for a still enhanced metrology, in terms of performance and domain covered. In this respect, soft metrology seems to constitute a promising field for research and development.

Agrarian Reform in Historical Perspective a Comparative Study

1963 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias H. Tuma
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Reform Movements ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost Continuous

The history of agrarian reform is as long as the history of the world, extending back into medieval, ancient, and biblical times. Like many other socio-economic and political movements, agrarian reform movements have been sporadic and discontinuous, although the last two centuries have witnessed almost continuous reform attempts commencing with the French Revolution. These attempts have become very common during the last two decades and have become part and parcel of United Nations programs. Though the literature on reform is extensive, there has been no endeavor to review reform movements in a historical perspective, or to synthesize the knowledge that can be derived therefrom and utilize it in guiding or evaluating reform. The need for this cannot be overestimated.

scholarly journals Tutor and Tutoring in the History of Education (to the Great French Revolution)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Ludwik Szuba
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Mesopotamia

AbstractThe article aims at presenting the history of tutoring and the role of a tutor in one of the most significant educational concepts in the world starting with the ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, China or the countries of Europe-Greece, Rome, England, Ireland, Kingdom of the Franks, the Roman Empire, France, Poland, Italy, ending with the immense social transformations sparked by the French Revolution. Throughout the centuries the role of tutors was of great significance since by staying in homes of their pupils not only did they educate but by the direct relation between a master and an apprentice, based on friendship and mutual trust, which initiated honest discussion, they influenced to a great extent the shaping of their pupils` personalities…

“Our Dreams Are Not Different from Yours”

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-660
Author(s):  
Marta Bellingreri
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
International Audience ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
And Migration ◽  
European Youth

Migration and revolution in the Mediterranean area are inextricably connected. In this paper, I bring the stories of young Tunisian and Syrian revolutionaries of the 2008 and 2011 uprisings who were later forced into displacement and migration and who—both in their countries of origin and at European borders—demand freedom from their regimes’ oppression and freedom of movement. As European youth can mostly move freely in the world, Arab youth share the dream of doing the same. Both local tyrannies and their international allies, as well as unjust socioeconomic and migration policies, prevent these young people from living in dignity, from choosing where they live, and from being actors of change. The letters they share and the movement they found address an international audience and it to listen to their demands.

scholarly journals Tides of Migration, Currents of History: The State, Economy, and the Transatlantic Movement of Labor in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Strikwerda
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
The State ◽  
Migration System ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
History Of Migration

International migration has flowed and ebbed in two long waves over the last two hundred years. The major determinants of international migration have been the economy and the state. The economic forces impinging on migration are demography, technology, the level of wages, and geographical proximity, transportation, and communications. The state is the confluence of social and political forces within countries which define, encourage or curtail, and regulate movement across borders. The lesson of the nineteenth-century migration system is that states created it or allowed it to happen. They also always had the power to end it, and they eventually did. The huge break in the history of migration which accompanied the era of the world wars points to the decisive power of the state to control migration and, by extension, the direction of economic development itself. The present article reviews the major phases of the history of modern migration in order to put the present crossroads in perspective.

scholarly journals Madame de Sade Yukio Mishimy: krew europejskich rycerzy, koronki przedrewolucyjnych dam, japońska scena i bomba atomowa

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Błażej Tokarski
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Theatre ◽  
The French Revolution

Madame de Sade, a shingeki play by Yukio Mishima, first published and performed in 1965, still enjoys huge popularity all over the world. In my work, I consider the meaning of the drama and the connections between the Japanese and the European theatre, Marquis de Sade’s philosophy, the French Revolution and the history of Japan. I ask questions about the drama’s popularity and the possibilities for its modern staging.

Transitions in Gender Ratios among International Migrants, 1820–1930

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Gabaccia ◽  
Elizabeth Zanoni
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Migration Flow ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
The World ◽  
International Migrants ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
And Migration

This article uses international migration flow (entry and exit) data as compiled by Walter Willcox and Imre Ferenczi (1970 [1929]) for the years between 1820 and 1924 to discuss the timing and cause of a transition in gender ratios—from male-dominated to gender-balanced—among international migrants. The article compares gender ratios for international migrants at the national, regional, and global levels and identifies when and how migration patterns to the United States resembled those to other parts of the world. Historical variations in gender ratios were considerable enough to render problematic the frequently used label “male-dominated” when applied to past migrations. The article discusses past cases of gender-balanced and female-predominant migrations and proposes an alternative typology for distinguishing among differently gendered international migrations. While some scholarly and popular sources depict the feminization of international migration as a recent phenomenon, historical data suggest that the convergence toward gender-balanced migrations began in the first half of the twentieth century. The article concludes by addressing contemporary debates over globalization and migration and cautions scholars against equating increased female mobility with egalitarian gender relations.

scholarly journals A Ciência em tempos de pandemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 05-06
Author(s):  
Raimundo Nonato Ribeiro dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Breaking Points ◽  
Education Science ◽  
The French Revolution

The COVID-19 pandemic, which was established in the world in that year 2020, is one of those breaking points that mark the history of humanity, as well as the discovery of fire, the invention of the press, the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, world wars, among other moments. In common, both allowed a leap in the evolution and survival of humanity, transforming its entire social organization and spheres such as Education, Science, the Environment, Politics and Labor relations.

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