HsfA1d, a Protein Identified via FOX Hunting Using Thellungiella salsuginea cDNAs Improves Heat Tolerance by Regulating Heat-Stress-Responsive Gene Expression

Heat stress and abscisic acid (ABA) induce leaf senescence, whereas melatonin (MT) and gibberellins (GA) play critical roles in inhibiting leaf senescence. Recent research findings confirm that plant tolerance to diverse stresses is closely associated with foliage lifespan. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the signaling interaction of MT with GA and ABA regarding heat-induced leaf senescence largely remains undetermined. Herein, we investigated putative functions of melatonin in suppressing heat-induced leaf senescence in tomato and how ABA and GA coordinate with each other in the presence of MT. Tomato seedlings were pretreated with 100 μM MT or water and exposed to high temperature (38/28°C) for 5 days (d). Heat stress significantly accelerated senescence, damage to the photosystem and upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), generating RBOH gene expression. Melatonin treatment markedly attenuated heat-induced leaf senescence, as reflected by reduced leaf yellowing, an increased Fv/Fm ratio, and reduced ROS production. The Rbohs gene, chlorophyll catabolic genes, and senescence-associated gene expression levels were significantly suppressed by MT addition. Exogenous application of MT elevated the endogenous MT and GA contents but reduced the ABA content in high-temperature-exposed plants. However, the GA and ABA contents were inhibited by paclobutrazol (PCB, a GA biosynthesis inhibitor) and sodium tungstate (ST, an ABA biosynthesis inhibitor) treatment. MT-induced heat tolerance was compromised in both inhibitor-treated plants. The transcript abundance of ABA biosynthesis and signaling genes was repressed; however, the biosynthesis genes MT and GA were upregulated in MT-treated plants. Moreover, GA signaling suppressor and catabolic gene expression was inhibited, while ABA catabolic gene expression was upregulated by MT application. Taken together, MT-mediated suppression of heat-induced leaf senescence has collaborated with the activation of MT and GA biosynthesis and inhibition of ABA biosynthesis pathways in tomato.

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Heat tolerance and gene expression responses to heat stress in threespine sticklebacks from ecologically divergent environments

Journal of Thermal Biology ◽

10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.06.003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 88-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Karin Brydsø Dammark ◽

Anne-Laure Ferchaud ◽

Michael M. Hansen ◽

Jesper G. Sørensen

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Threespine Sticklebacks

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Differential gene expression in shoots and roots under heat stress for a geothermal and non-thermal Agrostis grass species contrasting in heat tolerance

Environmental and Experimental Botany ◽

10.1016/j.envexpbot.2007.11.011 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 63 (1-3) ◽

pp. 240-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Jichen Xu ◽

Faith Belanger ◽

Bingru Huang

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Differential Gene Expression ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Grass Species ◽

Differential Gene

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Expression of heat shock protein (HSP) genes and antioxidant enzyme genes in hybrid rice II YOU 838 during heat stress

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.21.15.09.sp-4 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 38-43

Author(s):

Yan Wang ◽

Min Huang ◽

Peng Gao ◽

Hao Chen ◽

Yu Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Heat Stress ◽

High Temperature ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Heat Shock Protein ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Flag Leaves

II YOU 838 (Oryza sativa subsp. indica), crossed by the maternal II-32A and paternal Fu Hui 838, was one of the most widely cultivated hybrid rice in China. Fu Hui 838, which has resistance to high temperature, was generated by mutation technology in 1990. Previous field-testing showed that II YOU 838 had tolerance to high temperature stress and this was confirmed in the present study. The mechanism of heat tolerance of II YOU 838 is not understood. The present study reports gene expression of a representative sample of heat-responsive proteins in II YOU 838 flag leaves subjected to heat stress during flowering. Differential expression of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), small heat shock protein (smHSP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were studied under heat stress and optimum temperatures in flag leaves of II YOU 838. All six genes studied were responsive to high temperatures. Quantitative real-time PCR showed increased expression of the heat shock protein genes and antioxidant enzyme genes in ﬂag leaves under heat stress. With increasing number of days gene expression decreased under high temperature. Peak expression of SOD, POD, hsp70 and hsp90 was on Day 2 under 39 ℃. On Day 3, the expression of CAT under 39 ℃ was the highest. The expression of smhsp was highest on Day 3 under 27 ℃, followed by that on Day 2 under 27 ℃. The maximum expression values were observed on Day 2 or Day 3 after beginning of heat stress. This suggests that hsp90, hsp70, SOD and POD are principally involved in early responses to heat in rice ﬂag leaves, and that smhsp may play a role in the recovery mechanism in rice after heat stress. This may provide insights into the mechanism of heat-tolerance in rice

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Transcriptome analysis of the role of autophagy in plant response to heat stress

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0247783 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. e0247783

Author(s):

Yan Zhang ◽

Haoxuan Min ◽

Chengchen Shi ◽

Gengshou Xia ◽

Zhibing Lai

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Critical Role ◽

Plant Response ◽

Wild Type ◽

Altered Expression ◽

Regulated Gene Expression

Autophagy plays a critical role in plant heat tolerance in part by targeting heat-induced nonnative proteins for degradation. Autophagy also regulates metabolism, signaling and other processes and it is less understood how the broad function of autophagy affects plant heat stress responses. To address this issue, we performed transcriptome profiling of Arabidopsis wild-type and autophagy-deficient atg5 mutant in response to heat stress. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between wild-type and atg5 mutant even under normal conditions. These DEGs are involved not only in metabolism, hormone signaling, stress responses but also in regulation of nucleotide processing and DNA repair. Intriguingly, we found that heat treatment resulted in more robust changes in gene expression in wild-type than in the atg5 mutant plants. The dampening effect of autophagy deficiency on heat-regulated gene expression was associated with already altered expression of many heat-regulated DEGs prior to heat stress in the atg5 mutant. Altered expression of a large number of genes involved in metabolism and signaling in the autophagy mutant prior to heat stress may affect plant response to heat stress. Furthermore, autophagy played a positive role in the expression of defense- and stress-related genes during the early stage of heat stress responses but had little effect on heat-induced expression of heat shock genes. Taken together, these results indicate that the broad role of autophagy in metabolism, cellular homeostasis and other processes can also potentially affect plant heat stress responses and heat tolerance.

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Antibiotics Alter Pocillopora Coral-Symbiodiniaceae-Bacteria Interactions and Cause Microbial Dysbiosis During Heat Stress

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.814124 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Michael T. Connelly ◽

Crystal J. McRae ◽

Pi-Jen Liu ◽

Cecily E. Martin ◽

Nikki Traylor-Knowles

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Proteolytic Enzymes ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Protein Translation ◽

Associated Bacteria ◽

Symbiotic Associations ◽

Algal Symbiont ◽

Bacteria Communities

Symbioses between eukaryotes and their associated microbial communities are fundamental processes that affect organisms’ ecology and evolution. A unique example of this is reef-building corals that maintain symbiotic associations with dinoflagellate algae (Symbiodiniaceae) and bacteria that affect coral health through various mechanisms. However, little is understood about how coral-associated bacteria communities affect holobiont heat tolerance. In this study, we investigated these interactions in four Pocillopora coral colonies belonging to three cryptic species by subjecting fragments to treatments with antibiotics intended to suppress the normal bacteria community, followed by acute heat stress. Separate treatments with only antibiotics or heat stress were conducted to compare the effects of individual stressors on holobiont transcriptome responses and microbiome shifts. Across all Pocillopora species examined, combined antibiotics and heat stress treatment significantly altered coral-associated bacteria communities and caused major changes in both coral and Cladocopium algal symbiont gene expression. Individually, heat stress impaired Pocillopora protein translation and activated DNA repair processes, while antibiotics treatments caused downregulation of Pocillopora amino acid and inorganic ion transport and metabolism genes and Cladocopium photosynthesis genes. Combined antibiotics-heat stress treatments caused synergistic effects on Pocillopora and Cladocopium gene expression including enhanced expression of oxidative stress response genes, programed cell death pathways and proteolytic enzymes that indicate an exacerbated response to heat stress following bacteria community suppression. Collectively, these results provide further evidence that corals and their Symbiodiniaceae and bacteria communities engage in highly coordinated metabolic interactions that are crucial for coral holobiont health, homeostasis, and heat tolerance.

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