MO008B LYMPHOCYTE SUBSET CHANGES IN PRIMARY MEMBRANEOUS NEPHROPATHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nooshin Dalili ◽  
Fatemeh Pour-Reza Gholi ◽  
Katayoun Hasanzadeh ◽  
Sara Assadiasl
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Memory B Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background and Aims Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in adults. Rituximab a chimeric monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody has been supposed to eliminate autoantibody-producing B cells via direct signaling, complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC), and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). According to the fact that a wide range of B lymphocytes may carry this marker, we aimed to identify which subset is more (or less) frequent in PMN patients and which one is more affected by rituximab administration. Method Three groups were enrolled in the present study. They included a healthy control group and two patient groups having the clinical, laboratory, and pathological diagnostic criteria of PMN, comprising either patients on standard treatment or patients on standard treatment plus rituximab. The latter group was studied just before receiving rituximab (pre-rituximab) and two months later (post rituximab). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated using Ficoll-hypaque (inno-train, Germany) gradient. Afterward, cells were adjusted to a concentration of 1 _ 106 cells/mL and stained with mouse antihuman CD19-Cy5-conjugated antibody (Cytognos, Spain), mouse antihuman CD24-PE-conjugated antibody (Cytognos, Spain), and mouse antihuman CD38-FITC-conjugated antibody (Cytognos, Spain). Flow cytometry performed by FACS Calibur (BDFacs Calibur Becton Dickinson, USA). Results The total lymphocyte percentage was higher in PMN patients receiving either standard treatment or rituximab than in healthy controls (standard-treatment vs. control: P value = 0.001, pre-rituximab vs. control: P value =0.001). In post-rituximab analysis, CD19+ cell count showed notable reduction (P value = 0.003) B CD19+CD24+CD38- cells, representing the memory B cell population, did not show any significant difference between healthy controls and patients. Furthermore, the count of these cells did not decrease significantly two months after rituximab administration. The subset of CD19+CD24-CD38+ B lymphocytes, a class of naïve/mature lymphocytes with normal function, was significantly higher in the control group than in standard treatment patients (P value = 0.01). However, no statistically significant difference was found in CD19+CD24-CD38+B lymphocytes neither between the rituximab and control groups nor between pre-rituximab and post-rituximab patients. Conclusion The number of regulatory B cells decreased in both standard treatment and rituximab-receiving PMN patients and the proportion of naïve/mature B-lymphocytes was lower in the former group. Moreover, the memory B cells count did not reduce significantly two months after rituximab administration. Hence, it might be the best choice to target the memory B cell subset in immunosuppressive therapy while avoiding the Breg or naïve/mature B lymphocyte depletion to obtain more favorable sustained outcomes.

scholarly journals The Expression of BTK/p-BTK Is Different between CD5+ and CD5- B Lymphocyte from Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia/Evans Syndromes

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4886-4886
Author(s):  
Limin Xing ◽  
Yingying Qu ◽  
Ningning Duan ◽  
Zonghong Shao
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Bruton’S Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Cell Subsets

Abstract Objective To investigate the expression level of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) on CD19+B lymphocytes in peripheral blood (PB) of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)/Evans patients. Methods The expression of Btk and Phosphorylated Btk(p-Btk) on CD5+CD19+B and CD5-CD19+B lymphocytes were detected using flow cytometry in AIHA/ Evans patients with different disease states, healthy controls (HC) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients and analyzed its correlation with clinical parameters. Results 36 AIHA/ES patients (16 hemolytic, 20 remission), 11 CLL patients and 15 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. The expression of Btk and p-Btk on CD5+B lymphocytes in AIHA/Evans patients were higher than those in HCs and CLL patients, the latter two groups had no significant difference, and were positively correlated with the quantity of IgE. The ratio of p-Btk to Btk on CD5+B lymphocytes of hemolytic group and remission group was obviously higher than that on CD5-B lymphocytes [(74.62±6.42)%, (29.63±10.19)%, P=0.001], [(77.95±9.57)%, (26.29±6.86)%, P=0.006]. The ratio of p-BTK to BTK on CD5+B lymphocytes [(54.89±9.56)%] and CD5-B lymphocytes [(30.86±12.47)%, P=0.109)] showed no significant difference in HCs. There was no significant difference of Btk on CD5+B and CD5- B lymphocytes in AIHA/Evans patients, but the expression of p-Btk on CD5+B lymphocytes significantly higher than that on CD5-B lymphocytes in AIHA/Evans patients. Conclusion The expression levels of p-BTK in different B cell subsets of AIHA/Evans patients were significantly different, the expression levels of p-BTK in CD5+B cells were obviously higher than that in CD5-B cells, and higher than that in CD5+ B cells in CLL patients, and positively correlated with the number of serum IgE. Key words: anemia hemolytic autoimmune; Bruton's tyrosine kinase, Phosphorylated Bruton's tyrosine kinase; B cell subsets Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals The effect of Curcuminvs. Curcumin combined Antibiotic Ointmentson the Healing of skin wound

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1587-1593
Author(s):  
Emad K. Abbas ◽  
Hussein H. Echrish ◽  
Sabaa A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Animal House

Background:Turmeric is typically used as a spicy food preservative and colorant. It has been proved that curcumin has a wide range of biological effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-fungal, and curcumin activity that can improve antibiotic activity on the wounds. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Curcumin with and without antibiotics on skin wound treatment. Materials and Methods: The protocol was approved by the animal house in medical college / Basra university. This study used nine male rabbits aged about 6 months and an average weight of (1.083 g). Each group consists of 3 rabbits: control group (normal saline) A, topical curcumin in group B, topical curcumin, and tetracycline ointment in group C. Regular treatments were given to rabbits in therapeutic groups. Result: The lowest Mean ± SDof swelling of suturing area was noted in both groups that treated by curcumin alone (9.07 ± 0.97 vs 15±1 mm, p value = 0.002) and that treated with curcumine and antibiotic (9.1±0.9vs 15±1 mm, p value = 0.002) versus the control group ( that treated by normal saline) and the lowest Mean ± SD of elevation of suture line was noted in both group that treated by curcumin alone (2.63 ± 0.06 vs 4.07±0.21 mm, p value >0.001) and that treated with curcumin and antibiotic (2.7 ± 0.2 vs 4.07±0.21 mm, p value =0.001) versus control group. There is no significant statistical difference between the Mean ± SD neither of swelling of suture area nor of elevation of suture lines of groups that treated by curcumin alone and group that treated with curcumin and antibiotic [(9.07 ± 0.97 vs 9.1 ±0.9, p value=0.97),(2.63±0.06 vs 2.7 ± 0.2, p value=0.61) respectively]. The histopathological evaluation is consistent with morphological changes as at day 3 of wound healing in both groups that treated by curcumine with and without antibiotic, there is formation a thin layer of keratin and absence of features that indicate delay wound healing such as hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltrate of (Neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes) and debris, which are detected in control group. Furthermore, at day 7 of control group, there is decrease of inflammation, presence of gap between the two edgesof the wound but no keratin formation. No clear histopathological difference in wound healing between tested groups that treated by curcumin with and without antibiotic. Conclusion: There issignificant clinical and histological evidences that the curcumin not only prevent delay of wound healing but it is also enhanced wound healing. No significant difference in using curcumin alone or combine it with local antibiotic.

scholarly journals Atorvastatin in Helicobacter Pylori Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial and Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Mohammad Hoseini Azar ◽  
Parham Porteghali ◽  
Amin Sedokani
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bismuth Subcitrate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background: Considering the increase in drug resistance over time to Helicobacter pylori treatment relying on the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects of atorvastatin to increase the success rate of H. pylori eradication, we examined the effect of adding atorvastatin to standard treatment of H. pylori eradication.Results: A total of 186 symptomatic patients who had been diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori infection and tested for H. pylori eradication were examined by a pathological response or positive urea breath test. Patients who received atorvastatin in addition to standard treatment were also identified based on a table of random numbers. Standard treatment included a 240mg bismuth subcitrate tablet, a 40mg pantoprazole tablet, a 500mg metronidazole tablet, and 2 capsules of 500mg amoxicillin, all taken BID for 14 days. After 4 weeks of treatment, all patients underwent stool testing for H. pylori fecal antigen. If the test was positive, the request was considered a failure of treatment, and if the test was negative, it was considered a successful eradication of H. pylori. The clinical trial registration code for this study is IRCT20190823044589N1. The eradication rate of H. pylori was 80% in the control group and 80.9% in the intervention group, which did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P-value=0.971).Conclusion: Adding atorvastatin to 4-drug regimen of PPI, bismuth subcitrate, amoxicillin, and metronidazole as the first line of treatment for H. pylori eradication is ineffective.Trial registration: IRCT, IRCT20190823044589N1. Registered 28 December 2019 - Retrospectively registered, https://en.irct.ir/trial/41734

Delayed Redistribution of CD27, CD40 and CD80 Positive B Cells and the Impaired In Vitro Immunoglobulin G Production in Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated with Rituximab.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 938-938
Author(s):  
Mitsufumi Nishio ◽  
Katsuya Fujimoto ◽  
Satoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Toshiya Sakai ◽  
Kohki Kumano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Memory B Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Immunoglobulin Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Delayed Recovery

Abstract Rituximab (RT) has been proven to be very effective in depleting normal and malignant B lymphocytes in vivo and it is widely used for the treatment of B cell malignancies, particularly B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). RT alone does not appear to cause severe hypogammaglobulinemia according to initial clinical trials. However, recent studies revealed that patients who received RT as an adjuvant to stem cell transplantation (SCT) demonstrated an increased risk of developing severe hypogammaglobulinemia. We have found such hypogammaglobulinemia to be due to the delayed recovery of CD27 positive memory B cells and an impaired isotype expression. (Nishio et al. Eur J Haematol, 2006). This finding suggests that RT can influence not only the quantity, but also the quality of B-cell redistribution. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, precisely how the B-cell repertoire regenerates after anti-CD20-mediated transient B-cell depletion in patients with NHL remains to be elucidated. To clarify this, we performed a phenotypical analysis of B cells. A total of 22 patients with NHL who received RT combined with autologous SCT (n=17) or CHOP (n=5) were evaluated to identify their immunophenotype. The median period after the last administration of RT was 33.5 months (range from 12 to 56 months). We investigated the expression of various markers, including CD27, CD38, CD40, CD80, CD86 and CD95 on B cells by immunofluorescence staining with a flowcytometry analysis. A statistically significant difference was noted in three of the six surface antigens when the expressions of those antigens were compared with those in the healthy control populations (N=14). The most striking differences we found was the expression levels of CD27. The healthy control group had a much higher expression of CD27 in comparison to those of the patients treated with RT (28.1±14.1% vs 8.2±6.1%, p<0.001). In addition, significant differences in the expression of CD40 and CD80 were also noted. While the positive rates of CD80 and CD40 on B cells from healthy controls were 21.5±10.8% and 80.5±16.7%, those of patients treated with RT were 9.9±6.9% and 49.7±33.5%, respectively (p<0.01 and p<0.05). Since CD40-CD40L and CD80-CD28 pathways between B and T cells are necessary for the development of CD27 positive polyclonal B-cell activation and immunoglobulin production, we hypothesized that the B cells from patients treated with RT thus had a reduced ability to differentiate into plasma cells and immunoglobulin production in vitro. To test this hypothesis, we purified the B cells from ten patients with NHL treated with RT and then cultured them upon the engagement of immunoglobulin receptor and CD40 in the presence of IL-2 and IL-10. After eight days of stimulation, the supernatants of the culture were harvested and the concentrations of immunoglobulin were measured by ELISA. As a result, the IgG production was found to be significantly impaired in patients with NHL in comparison to those from the healthy controls. The observation of a delayed recovery of the memory B cells with an abnormal cell marker expression and function demonstrates that naive B cells may therefore be responsible for their failure to differentiate into plasma cells after RT therapy.

scholarly journals The effects of combination of Zingiber officinale and Echinacea on alleviation of clinical symptoms and hospitalization rate of suspected COVID-19 outpatients: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mesri ◽  
Seied Saeid Esmaeili Saber ◽  
Mohammadreza Godazi ◽  
Aboulfazl Roustaei Shirdel ◽  
Reza Montazer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives Herbal medicines, as a treatment method, have received a great deal of attention. The effects of two herbal medicines namely Zingiber officinale and Echinacea on alleviation of clinical symptoms and hospitalization rate of suspected COVID-19 outpatients were examined. Methods A clinical trial with 100 suspected COVID-19 outpatients as participants was conducted. The participants were allocated randomly to two groups of 50 members. The intervention group received concurrent Zingiber officinale (Tablet Vomigone 500 mg II tds) and Echinacea (Tablet Rucoldup I tds) for seven days in addition to the standard treatment. The control group only received the standard treatment (Hydroxychloroquine). After seven days, alleviation of clinical symptoms and hospitalization rate were examined. In addition, 14 days after treatment, the hospitalization was assessed again by telephone follow up. Results The two groups were identical in terms of basic characteristics. Improvement level as to coughing, dyspnea, and muscle pain was higher in the intervention group (p value <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the other symptoms. In addition, the hospitalization rate in the intervention and control groups were 2 and 6% respectively, which are not significantly different (p value >0.05). Conclusions Taking into account the efficiency and trivial side-effects of Zingiber officinale and Echinacea, using them for alleviation and control of the clinical symptoms in COVID-19 outpatients is recommended.

scholarly journals BAFF Inhibition Effectively Suppresses the Development of Anti-HLA.A2 Antibody in the Highly Sensitized Mouse Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Ji Won Min ◽  
Yoo-Jin Shin ◽  
Hyeyoung Lee ◽  
Bo-Mi Kim ◽  
Ki Hyun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
B Cell Differentiation ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Skin Allografts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Desensitization Therapy

B cell activating factor (BAFF) is a cytokine that plays a role in the survival, proliferation and differentiation of B cells. We proposed to observe the effects of BAFF inhibition on the humoral immune responses of an allosensitized mouse model using HLA.A2 transgenic mice. Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with skin allografts from C57BL/6-Tg (HLA-A2.1)1Enge/J mice and were treated with anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody (mAb) (named Sandy-2) or control IgG1 antibody. HLA.A2-specific IgG was reduced in BAFF-inhibited mice compared to the control group (Δ-13.62 vs. Δ27.07, p < 0.05). BAFF inhibition also resulted in increased pre-pro and immature B cell proportions and decreased mature B cells in the bone marrow (p < 0.05 vs. control). In the spleen, an increase in transitional B cells was observed with a significant decrease in marginal and follicular B cells (p < 0.05 vs. control). There was no significant difference in the proportions of long-lived plasma and memory B cells. Microarray analysis showed that 19 gene probes were significantly up- (>2-fold, p < 0.05) or down-regulated (≤2-fold, p < 0.05) in the BAFF-inhibited group. BAFF inhibition successfully reduced alloimmune responses through the reduction in alloantibody production and suppression of B cell differentiation and maturation. Our data suggest that BAFF suppression may serve as a useful target in desensitization therapy.

scholarly journals The mild cranial traumas and autoimmune affection of the nervous system: dynamic of the indexes of the B-cells activation in patients during the rehabilitation period

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-2) ◽  
pp. 486-489
Author(s):  
F. A. Yusupov ◽  
S. A. Groshev ◽  
U. A. Karimov
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Definition Of

The aim was to study the indexes of the autoimmune affection of the nervous system in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) after mild cranial traumas (CT). Under the observation there were 16 patients with neurological signs of RA, got mild CT. The group of compare consisted of 30 patients with RA and the nervous system lesions but without CT in the histories of lives. 30 healthy people were in the control group. The blood for the investigations was got 6 times from patients of the main group: on the 2nd, 15th, 30th, 60th, 90th, and 120th days after the CT. The autoimmune affection of the nervous system was diagnosed by the help of definition of the cerebrolysin-dependent activation of the B-lymphocytes by the method of quantitive cytophluorimetry. It was found that B-cells of RA patients with the nervous system lesions were sensitized to the nervous tissue. Even mild CT of the RA patients noticeably raises the activity of the immune system pointed on the tissue of the CNS. Usage of the standard treatment could not prevent such changes which were the brightest to the 15th day after CT.

scholarly journals Impaired Memory B-Cell Response to Influenza Immunization in Patients With Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Wei Zhan ◽  
Todd Hatchette ◽  
Fengyun Yue ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Haihan Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Memory B Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Memory B Cell ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
B Cell Responses

Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous primary immunodeficiency characterized by low serum antibody levels and recurrent infections. The cellular response to immunization in patients with CVID has not been fully investigated. In this study, we aimed to characterize vaccination-induced influenza-specific memory B-cell responses in CVID. Methods: Eleven individuals affected with CVID and 9 unaffected control individuals were immunized with the 2010-2011 non-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine. Blood samples were collected on the day of vaccination and at week 8 and week 16 after vaccination, and PBMCs were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry. Influenza specific serology was determined using hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization against vaccine antigens. Influenza-specific memory B-cell responses were determined by ELISpot.  Results: Individuals with CVID showed wide variability in the frequency of CD19+ B cells in blood. The CVID group had significantly reduced frequencies of CD19+CD27+ memory B cells. Frequencies of circulating T follicular helper (CD4+CXCR5+) cells were similar between those with CVID and healthy controls. In terms of serology, compared to healthy controls, the CVID group overall showed significantly reduced boosting to vaccine antigens by hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization assays at 8 weeks compared to controls and failed to maintain responses by 16 weeks compared to controls, resulting in a post-vaccination geometric mean titer (GMT) ≥ 40 to strain A/H1N1 in only 27% at 8 weeks, and 22% at 12 weeks for patients with CVID vs 78% and 75%, respectively for healthy controls. In addition, there was a GMT ≥ 40 to A/H3N2 in only 9% at 8 weeks and 22% at 12 weeks for patients with CVID vs 56% and 50%, respectively for healthy controls. Healthy participants showed significant increases in flu-specific IgM-secreting memory B cells after vaccination, whereas patients with CVID showed non-significant mild increases. Before vaccination, patients with CVID had significantly lower frequencies of background level influenza-specific IgG and IgA memory B cells. Half of the patients with CVID showed an increase in influenza-specific IgG-secreting memory B cells post vaccination, whereas the other half showed none. All control participants exhibited an increase in influenza-specific IgG-secreting B cells. None of the patients with CVID developed influenza-specific IgA memory B-cell response post vaccination, compared to 5/8 in healthy controls. At week 16, the frequency of influenza-specific memory B-cell responses decayed but to non-zero baseline in healthy controls and to zero baseline in patients with CVID.  Conclusions: Together, these data demonstrate that patients with CVID respond heterogeneously, but as a group poorly, to non-adjuvanted influenza vaccine, with a subgroup unable to generate influenza-specific memory B-cell responses. No patient with CVID was able to maintain memory response for prolonged periods. Together, our results suggest a defect in Ig class switching and memory B-cell maintenance in patients with CVID during a de novo vaccine immune response.

scholarly journals Altered Tim-1 and IL-10 Expression in Regulatory B Cell Subsets in Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yikai Liu ◽  
Zhiying Chen ◽  
Junlin Qiu ◽  
Hongzhi Chen ◽  
Zhiguang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Regulatory B Cell ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Cell Subsets

BackgroundType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with a complex aetiology. B cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of T1D. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are a subset of B cells that produce and secrete the inhibitory factor interleukin-10 (IL-10), thereby exerting an anti-inflammatory effect. It was recently discovered that T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain 1 (Tim-1) is essential for maintaining Bregs function related to immune tolerance. However, the detailed understanding of Tim-1+ Bregs and IL-10+ Bregs in T1D patients is lacking. This study aimed to characterize the profile of B cell subsets in T1D patients compared with that in controls and determine whether Tim-1+ Bregs and IL-10+ Bregs play roles in T1D.Materials and MethodsA total of 47 patients with T1D, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 24 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Flow cytometry was used to measure the levels of different B cell subsets (including B cells, plasmablasts, and Bregs) in the peripheral blood. Radiobinding assays were performed to detect the antibody titres of T1D patients. In addition, the correlations between different B cell subsets and patient parameters were investigated.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, differences in frequency of Tim-1+ Bregs were significantly decreased in patients with T1D (36.53 ± 6.51 vs. 42.25 ± 6.83, P=0.02*), and frequency of IL-10+ Bregs were lower than healthy controls (17.64 ± 7.21vs. 24.52 ± 11.69, P=0.009**), the frequency of total Bregs in PBMC was also decreased in patients with T1D (1.42 ± 0.53vs. 1.99 ± 0.93, P=0.002.**). We analyzed whether these alterations in B cells subsets were associated with clinical features. The frequencies of Tim-1+ Bregs and IL-10+ Bregs were negatively related to fasting blood glucose (FBG) (r=-0.25 and -0.22; P=0.01* and 0.03*, respectively). The frequencies of Tim-1+ Bregs and IL-10+ Bregs are positively correlated with fast C-peptide (FCP) (r=0.23 and 0.37; P=0.02* and 0.0001***, respectively). In addition, the frequency of IL-10+ Breg was also negatively related to glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (r=-0.20, P=0.04*). The frequencies of Tim-1+ Bregs, IL-10+ Bregs and Bregs in T2D patients were reduced, but no statistically significant difference was found between other groups. Interestingly, there was positive correlation between the frequencies of Tim-1+ Bregs and IL-10+ Bregs in T1D (r=0.37, P=0.01*). Of note, it is worth noting that our study did not observe any correlations between B cell subsets and autoantibody titres.ConclusionsOur study showed altered Tim-1 and IL-10 expression in regulatory B cell in T1D patients. Tim-1, as suggested by the present study, is associated with islet function and blood glucose levels. These findings indicate that Tim-1+ Bregs and IL-10+ Bregs were involved in the pathogenesis of T1D.

scholarly journals Atorvastatin and standard treatment of Helicobacter pylori: Single Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Mohammad Hoseini Azar ◽  
Parham Portaghali ◽  
Ali Jafari ◽  
Amin Sedokani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bismuth Subcitrate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
H Pylori

AbstractBackgroundConsidering the increase in drug resistance over time to Helicobacter pylori treatment relying on the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects of atorvastatin to increase the success rate of H. pylori eradication, we examined the effect of adding atorvastatin to standard treatment of H. pylori eradication.Materials and MethodsA total of 186 symptomatic patients who had been diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori infection and tested for H. pylori eradication were examined by a pathological response or positive urea breath test. Patients who received atorvastatin in addition to standard treatment were also identified based on a table of random numbers. Standard treatment included a 240mg bismuth subcitrate tablet, a 40mg pantoprazole tablet, a 500mg metronidazole tablet, and 2 capsules of 500mg amoxicillin, all taken BID for 14 days. After 4 weeks of treatment, all patients underwent stool testing for H. pylori fecal antigen. If the test was positive, the request was considered a failure of treatment, and if the test was negative, it was considered a successful eradication of H. pylori. The clinical trial registration code for this study is IRCT20190823044589N1.ResultsThe eradication rate of H. pylori was 80% in the control group and 80.9% in the intervention group, which did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P-value = 0.971).ConclusionAdding atorvastatin to 4-drug regimen of PPI, bismuth subcitrate, amoxicillin, and metronidazole as the first line of treatment for H. pylori eradication is ineffective.

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