scholarly journals BIOM-49. SERUM microRNA IS A PROGNOSTIC AND POST-OPERATIVE MONITORING BIOMARKER IN GLIOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii12-ii12
Author(s):  
Jordan Jones ◽  
Andrew Morokoff ◽  
Kate Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Mirna Signature ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Sequencing Platform ◽  
Serum Mirna ◽  
Candidate Mirnas

Abstract Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides accurate anatomical and spatial details regarding gliomas, it is not reliable at predicting biological behaviour and is confounded by problems such as pseudo-progression. A circulating biomarker has potential to improve predictions of glioma outcomes and identify tumor progression post treatment, however no such biomarker is currently available. We aimed to discover a microRNA (miRNA) serum biomarker for longitudinal monitoring of glioma patients as well as identify miRNAs that are predictive of survival outcomes. To investigate this a prospectively collected cohort of 91 gliomas and 17 healthy controls underwent pre- and post-operative serum miRNA profiling using the next-generation sequencing platform Nanostring®. Differentially expressed miRNAs were discovered using a machine learning random forest analysis. Candidate miRNAs were then assessed by droplet digital PCR in 11 patients with multiple follow-up samples and compared to tumor volume based on MRI. A lasso-regression model was used to identify candidate miRNAs from pre-operative serum that were associated with both progression-free and overall survival. We identified a 9-gene miRNA signature that could distinguish between glioma and healthy controls with 99.8% accuracy. From this signature, we identified two miRNAs that demonstrated dynamic changes which correlated closely with tumor volume in both LGG and GBM. Importantly, miRNA levels did not increase in two cases of pseudo-progression, indicating the potential utility of this test in guiding treatment decisions. Additionally, altered expressions of 6 miRNAs were found to be associated with overall and progression-free survival and were incorporated in a predictive model with already known survival factors. In conclusion, we have identified a highly accurate 9-miRNA signature associated with glioma serum and observed specific miRNAs that both correlated with tumor volume over long-term follow up and were predictive of survival. These results support a large prospective validation study of serum miRNA biomarkers in glioma.

Serum microRNA signatures for the detection of pancreatobiliary cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15718-e15718
Author(s):  
Shuichi Mitsunaga ◽  
Shogo Nomura ◽  
Kazuo Hara ◽  
Yukiko Takayama ◽  
Makoto Ueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Validation Cohort ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mirna Signature ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Serum Mirna ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

e15718 Background: The diagnostic value of serum microRNAs (miRNA) in a highly sensitive microarray for pancreatobiliary cancer (PBca) has been demonstrated. This study attempted to build and validate a signature comprised of multiple serum miRNA markers for discriminating PBca from healthy controls. Methods: A multicenter prospective study on the diagnostic performance of serum miRNAs was conducted. The patients (pts) with treatment-naïve PBca and healthy participants aged ≥60 years were enrolled. Clinical data and sera were collected. Target population was randomly divided to training or validation cohort with an allocation ratio of 2:1. Twenty-nine serum miRNA markers on the microarray data were analyzed. Using any combinations of the markers, a Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis was performed, and the resulting sensitivity, specificity and AUC of ROC curve to discriminate PBca from healthy controls were calculated for each combination. Marker combinations with a sensitivity/specificity (SN/SP) of ≥80%/90% and high AUC in comparison with AUC of CA19-9 were defined as the diagnostic miRNA signature, which were selected in the training cohort. Next, the signatures were screened out which showed a good reproducibility in the validation cohort. As an independent external cohort, PBca pts and healthy with pooled frozen sera were enrolled and the identified miRNA signatures were further validated. Results: Total of 546 participants (80 healthy and 223 PBca in training set, 40 healthy and 104 PBca in validation set, 49 healthy and 50 PBca in external validation set) were analyzed in this study. Four serum miRNA combinations were identified as the diagnostic miRNA signature. In the training set, four miRNA signatures, consisted of 10 miRNAs, were developed. For the best-performed miRNA signature, the SN/SP and AUC in the validation and external validation cohorts were 84/90% and 0.95 (CA19-9: 73/95% and 0.88) and 84/90% and 0.93 (CA19-9: 80/94% and 0.87), respectively. Conclusions: The diagnostic serum miRNA signatures for PBca were identified in this study.

Hippocampal and amygdala volume changes in patients with major depression and healthy controls during a three year follow-up

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
TS Frodl ◽  
T Zetzsche ◽  
G Schmitt ◽  
T Schlossbauer ◽  
MW Jäger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Amygdala Volume

Gamma knife surgery for vestibular schwannoma: 10-year experience of 195 cases

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (Special_Supplement) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yuh Chung ◽  
Kang-Du Liu ◽  
Cheng-Ying Shiau ◽  
Hsiu-Mei Wu ◽  
Ling-Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Vestibular Schwannoma ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Radiation Effect ◽  
Gamma Knife Surgery ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors conducted a study to determine the optimal radiation dose for vestibular schwannoma (VS) and to examine the histopathology in cases of treatment failure for better understanding of the effects of irradiation. Methods. A retrospective study was performed of 195 patients with VS; there were 113 female and 82 male patients whose mean age was 51 years (range 11–82 years). Seventy-two patients (37%) had undergone partial or total excision of their tumor prior to gamma knife surgery (GKS). The mean tumor volume was 4.1 cm3 (range 0.04–23.1 cm3). Multiisocenter dose planning placed a prescription dose of 11 to 18.2 Gy on the 50 to 94% isodose located at the tumor margin. Clinical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging follow-up evaluations were performed every 6 months. A loss of central enhancement was demonstrated on MR imaging in 69.5% of the patients. At the latest MR imaging assessment decreased or stable tumor volume was demonstrated in 93.6% of the patients. During a median follow-up period of 31 months resection was avoided in 96.8% of cases. Uncontrolled tumor swelling was noted in five patients at 3.5, 17, 24, 33, and 62 months after GKS, respectively. Twelve of 20 patients retained serviceable hearing. Two patients experienced a temporary facial palsy. Two patients developed a new trigeminal neuralgia. There was no treatment-related death. Histopathological examination of specimens in three cases (one at 62 months after GKS) revealed a long-lasting radiation effect on vessels inside the tumor. Conclusions. Radiosurgery had a long-term radiation effect on VSs for up to 5 years. A margin 12-Gy dose with homogeneous distribution is effective in preventing tumor progression, while posing no serious threat to normal cranial nerve function.

scholarly journals Circulating tumor DNA is detectable in canine histiocytic sarcoma, oral malignant melanoma, and multicentric lymphoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaïs Prouteau ◽  
Jérôme Alexandre Denis ◽  
Pauline De Fornel ◽  
Edouard Cadieu ◽  
Thomas Derrien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Disease ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Histiocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Oncology Research ◽  
Tumor Dna

AbstractCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has become an attractive biomarker in human oncology, and its use may be informative in canine cancer. Thus, we used droplet digital PCR or PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement, to explore tumor-specific point mutations, copy number alterations, and chromosomal rearrangements in the plasma of cancer-affected dogs. We detected ctDNA in 21/23 (91.3%) of histiocytic sarcoma (HS), 2/8 (25%) of oral melanoma, and 12/13 (92.3%) of lymphoma cases. The utility of ctDNA in diagnosing HS was explored in 133 dogs, including 49 with HS, and the screening of recurrent PTPN11 mutations in plasma had a specificity of 98.8% and a sensitivity between 42.8 and 77% according to the clinical presentation of HS. Sensitivity was greater in visceral forms and especially related to pulmonary location. Follow-up of four dogs by targeting lymphoma-specific antigen receptor rearrangement in plasma showed that minimal residual disease detection was concordant with clinical evaluation and treatment response. Thus, our study shows that ctDNA is detectable in the plasma of cancer-affected dogs and is a promising biomarker for diagnosis and clinical follow-up. ctDNA detection appears to be useful in comparative oncology research due to growing interest in the study of natural canine tumors and exploration of new therapies.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Circulating Levels of miR-23b-3p, miR-126-3p and lncRNA GAS5 in HCC Patients Treated with Sorafenib

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 813
Author(s):  
Michele Manganelli ◽  
Ilaria Grossi ◽  
Manuela Ferracin ◽  
Paola Guerriero ◽  
Massimo Negrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Droplet Digital Pcr ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Multikinase Inhibitor ◽  
Sorafenib Treatment ◽  
The Third ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Systemic Drug

Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary tumor of the liver and the third cause of cancer-related deaths. The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib is a systemic drug for unresectable HCC. The identification of molecular biomarkers for the early diagnosis of HCC and responsiveness to treatment are needed. In this work, we performed an exploratory study to investigate the longitudinal levels of cell-free long ncRNA GAS5 and microRNAs miR-126-3p and -23b-3p in a cohort of 7 patients during the period of treatment with sorafenib. We used qPCR to measure the amounts of GAS5 and miR-126-3p and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to measure the levels of miR-23b-3p. Patients treated with sorafenib displayed variable levels of GAS5, miR-126-3p and miR-23b-3p at different time-points of follow-up. miR-23b-3p was further measured by ddPCR in 37 healthy individuals and 25 untreated HCC patients. The amount of miR-23b-3p in the plasma of untreated HCC patients was significantly downregulated if compared to healthy individuals. The ROC curve analysis underlined its diagnostic relevance. In conclusion, our results highlight a potential clinical significance of circulating miR-23b-3p and an exploratory observation on the longitudinal plasmatic levels of GAS5, miR-126-3p and miR-23b-3p during sorafenib treatment.

scholarly journals Biologically effective dose correlates with linear tumor volume changes after upfront single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin Tuleasca ◽  
Mohamed Faouzi ◽  
Philippe Maeder ◽  
Raphael Maire ◽  
Jonathan Knisely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Vestibular Schwannomas ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Biologically Effective Dose ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Single Fraction

AbstractVestibular schwannomas (VSs) are benign, slow-growing tumors. Management options include observation, surgery, and radiation. In this retrospective trial, we aimed at evaluating whether biologically effective dose (BED) plays a role in tumor volume changes after single-fraction first intention stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for VS. We compiled a single-institution experience (n = 159, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland). The indication for SRS was decided after multidisciplinary discussion. Only cases with minimum 3 years follow-up were included. The Koos grading, a reliable method for tumor classification was used. Radiosurgery was performed using Gamma Knife (GK) and a uniform marginal prescription dose of 12 Gy. Mean BED was 66.3 Gy (standard deviation 3.8, range 54.1–73.9). The mean follow-up period was 5.1 years (standard deviation 1.7, range 3–9.2). The primary outcome was changes in 3D volumes after SRS as function of BED and of integral dose received by the VS. Random-effect linear regression model showed that tumor volume significantly and linearly decreased over time with higher BED (p < 0.0001). Changes in tumor volume were also significantly associated with age, sex, number of isocenters, gradient index, and Koos grade. However, the effect of BED on tumor volume change was moderated by time after SRS and Koos grade. Lower integral doses received by the VSs were inversely correlated with BED in relationship with tumor volume changes (p < 0.0001). Six (3.4%) patients needed further intervention. For patients having uniformly received the same marginal dose prescription, higher BED linearly and significantly correlated with tumor volume changes after SRS for VSs. BED could represent a potential new treatment paradigm for patients with benign tumors, such as VSs, for attaining a desired radiobiological effect. This could further increase the efficacy and decrease the toxicity of SRS not only in benign tumors but also in other SRS indications.

scholarly journals Cardiac involvement in COVID-19 patients: mid-term follow up by cardiovascular magnetic resonance

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Ruili Li ◽  
Zhen Zhou ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Zixu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Cine Imaging ◽  
Black Blood ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Post Contrast

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induces myocardial injury, either direct myocarditis or indirect injury due to systemic inflammatory response. Myocardial involvement has been proved to be one of the primary manifestations of COVID-19 infection, according to laboratory test, autopsy, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). However, the middle-term outcome of cardiac involvement after the patients were discharged from the hospital is yet unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate mid-term cardiac sequelae in recovered COVID-19 patients by CMR Methods A total of 47 recovered COVID-19 patients were prospectively recruited and underwent CMR examination. The CMR protocol consisted of black blood fat-suppressed T2 weighted imaging, T2 star mapping, left ventricle (LV) cine imaging, pre- and post-contrast T1 mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). LGE were assessed in mixed both recovered COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. The LV and right ventricle (RV) function and LV mass were assessed and compared with healthy controls. Results A total of 44 recovered COVID-19 patients and 31 healthy controls were studied. LGE was found in 13 (30%) of COVID-19 patients. All LGE lesions were located in the mid myocardium and/or sub-epicardium with a scattered distribution. Further analysis showed that LGE-positive patients had significantly decreased LV peak global circumferential strain (GCS), RV peak GCS, RV peak global longitudinal strain (GLS) as compared to non-LGE patients (p < 0.05), while no difference was found between the non-LGE patients and healthy controls. Conclusion Myocardium injury existed in 30% of COVID-19 patients. These patients have depressed LV GCS and peak RV strains at the 3-month follow-up. CMR can monitor the COVID-19-induced myocarditis progression, and CMR strain analysis is a sensitive tool to evaluate the recovery of LV and RV dysfunction.

scholarly journals Short diameter may be a useful simple indicator of the tumor response in skull base meningiomas after conventionally fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi Takehana ◽  
Daisuke Nakamura ◽  
Alshaymaa Abdelghaffar ◽  
Megumi Uto ◽  
Tomohiro Katagiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Skull Base Meningioma ◽  
Skull Base Meningiomas ◽  
Simple Indicator ◽  
Conventionally Fractionated

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the radiological change patterns in skull base meningiomas after conventionally fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (CFSRT) to determine a simple and valid method to assess the tumor response. Materials and methods Forty-one patients with a benign skull base meningioma treated by CFSRT from March 2007 to August 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. We measured tumor volume (TV), long-axis diameter (LD), and short-axis diameter (SD) on both pre-treatment images and follow-up images of 1, 3, and 5 years after CFSRT, respectively. The paired t test was used to detect differences in the LD and SD change rates. Spearman’s correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate relationships between the TV and the diameters changes. Results The number of available follow-up MRIs that was performed at 1, 3, and 5 years after the CFSRT was 41 (100%), 34 (83%), and 23 (56%), respectively. The change rates of SD were significantly higher than those of LD at every time point and more strongly correlated with the change rates of tumor volume at 3 and 5 years after CFSRT. Conclusions SD may be useful as a simple indicator of the tumor response for skull base meningioma after CFSRT. Key Points • The change rate in short-axis diameter is a useful and simple indicator of the response of skull base meningioma to conventionally fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy. • Conventionally fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for skull base meningioma achieved excellent 5-year local control.

scholarly journals Comparative performance of MRI-derived PRECISE scores and delta-radiomics models for the prediction of prostate cancer progression in patients on active surveillance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Sushentsev ◽  
Leonardo Rundo ◽  
Oleg Blyuss ◽  
Tatiana Nazarenko ◽  
Aleksandr Suvorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lasso Regression

Abstract Objectives To compare the performance of the PRECISE scoring system against several MRI-derived delta-radiomics models for predicting histopathological prostate cancer (PCa) progression in patients on active surveillance (AS). Methods The study included AS patients with biopsy-proven PCa with a minimum follow-up of 2 years and at least one repeat targeted biopsy. Histopathological progression was defined as grade group progression from diagnostic biopsy. The control group included patients with both radiologically and histopathologically stable disease. PRECISE scores were applied prospectively by four uro-radiologists with 5–16 years’ experience. T2WI- and ADC-derived delta-radiomics features were computed using baseline and latest available MRI scans, with the predictive modelling performed using the parenclitic networks (PN), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression, and random forests (RF) algorithms. Standard measures of discrimination and areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) were calculated, with AUCs compared using DeLong’s test. Results The study included 64 patients (27 progressors and 37 non-progressors) with a median follow-up of 46 months. PRECISE scores had the highest specificity (94.7%) and positive predictive value (90.9%), whilst RF had the highest sensitivity (92.6%) and negative predictive value (92.6%) for predicting disease progression. The AUC for PRECISE (84.4%) was non-significantly higher than AUCs of 81.5%, 78.0%, and 80.9% for PN, LASSO regression, and RF, respectively (p = 0.64, 0.43, and 0.57, respectively). No significant differences were observed between AUCs of the three delta-radiomics models (p-value range 0.34–0.77). Conclusions PRECISE and delta-radiomics models achieved comparably good performance for predicting PCa progression in AS patients. Key Points • The observed high specificity and PPV of PRECISE are complemented by the high sensitivity and NPV of delta-radiomics, suggesting a possible synergy between the two image assessment approaches. • The comparable performance of delta-radiomics to PRECISE scores applied by expert readers highlights the prospective use of the former as an objective and standardisable quantitative tool for MRI-guided AS follow-up. • The marginally superior performance of parenclitic networks compared to conventional machine learning algorithms warrants its further use in radiomics research.

Follow-up of intra-arterial delivery of bevacizumab for treatment of butterfly glioblastoma in patient with first-in-human, real-time MRI-guided intra-arterial neurointervention

2021 ◽  
pp. neurintsurg-2021-017900
Author(s):  
Michal Zawadzki ◽  
Jerzy Walecki ◽  
Boguslaw Kostkiewicz ◽  
Kacper Kostyra ◽  
Piotr Walczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Arterial Infusion ◽  
Second Procedure ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Positive Effect

This case report shows that real-time MRI may aid in the precision of intra-arterial delivery of bevacizumab to butterfly glioblastoma. Fast clinical improvement, decrease of contrast enhancing status, and no serious adverse effects were observed at discharge from hospital. The patient regained pre-recurrent neurological status for 2 months with a subsequent fast clinical decline and an increase in tumor volume. The patient underwent a second procedure of intra-arterial delivery of bevacizumab to the brain, with substantial clinical and radiological improvement, but not the level of improvement observed after the first procedure. Another clinical decline occurred with an increase in tumor size and the patient was treated 2 months later with a third intra-arterial infusion of bevacizumab. While another positive effect was achieved, it was less pronounced than before, and the patient died 1.5 months later. There were no technical, ischemic or other complications during the procedures. The patient survived 218 days from the first symptoms of tumor recurrence, 190 days from the first MRI, and 175 days from the first intra-arterial treatment of bevacizumab.

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