scholarly journals Decrease in Resting Heart Rate Measured Using Smartphone Apps to Verify Abstinence From Smoking: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1424-1427
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Herbec ◽  
Ella Parker ◽  
Harveen Kaur Ubhi ◽  
Tobias Raupach ◽  
Robert West
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Usual Condition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Remote Verification

Abstract Introduction Verifying self-reports of smoking abstinence is challenging in studies that involve remote data collection. Resting heart rate (HR) decreases during smoking abstinence. This study assessed whether a decrease in resting HR measured using freely available smartphone apps could potentially be used to verify smoking abstinence. Methods This study involved a repeated measures experimental design, with data collection in natural setting. Participants were 18 adult, daily smokers. They recorded resting HR in beats per minute (bpm) using freely available smartphone apps during five timepoints (two in the morning and three postnoon) on each of 3 days. The outcome measure was the mean of the postnoon HR recordings. The experimental condition for each of the 3 days (counterbalanced order) was as follows: (1) smoking as usual, (2) not smoking without nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), or (3) not smoking but using NRT. Abstinence was verified using expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) concentration. Results Compared with the smoking as usual condition, mean HR was 13.4 bpm lower (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.4 to 21.4, p = .001) in the not smoking without NRT condition and 10.4 bpm lower (95% CI = 3.1 to 17.8, p = 0.004) in the not smoking with NRT condition. There was no statistically significant difference in HR between the two not smoking conditions (p = .39). Abstinence during not smoking days without and with NRT was CO-verified in 18/18 and in 16/18 cases, respectively. Conclusions Self-recording of resting HR in natural setting using smartphone apps shows a reliable decrease in response to smoking abstinence and may provide a basis for remote verification in smoking cessation studies. Implications Remote verification of self-reported abstinence in smoking cessation studies remains challenging. Smoking abstinence has been shown to decrease resting HR under laboratory conditions. This study demonstrated that self-recording using freely available smartphone apps shows reliable decreases in resting HR during smoking abstinence and may provide a basis for inexpensive remote verification of smoking abstinence.

Effect of smoking on cardiovascular autonomic functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3780-3784
Author(s):  
P.Vani ◽  
◽  
Sharan B Singh M ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
T Test ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Functions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is a prime risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Chronic smoking results in autonomic dysfunction leading to increased cardiovascular risk in smokers. The present study was planned to study the effect of smoking on the Cardiovascular Autonomic Functions among smokers. Materials and Methods: Fifty male subjects who were in the age group of 25 to 45 years. They were grouped into 25 smokers and 25 non-smokers. The participant subjects were selected among the staff members, residents and the patients from the routine OPD in SVIMS. Prior to study, they were informed about the procedure and the purpose of the study tests and written consents were obtained from them. The Cardiovascular Autonomic Function Tests were assessed by using a POLYGRAPH which was available in the department. Results and Conclusion: After applying the ‘t’-test for the difference between the two sample means, it was observed that there was a highly significant difference between the mean values of the BMI(i.e.p<0.01) and the para-sympathetic function tests among the smokers and the non – smokers(i.e.p<0.00). The Resting Heart Rate had significantly increased and the Deep breathing difference, the postural tachycardial index (Response to standing) and the Valsalva Ratio had significantly decreased in the smokers as compared to those in the non – smokers. After applying the ‘t’-test for the difference between the two sample means, it was observed that there was no significant difference between the mean values of the Postural hypotension test (i.e. p>0.05) and that there was a highly significant difference between the mean values of the Sustained handgrip test in the smokers and the non – smokers (i.e. p<0.00). KEY WORDS: Cardiovascular autonomic function tests, Smoking, Resting heart rate.

To Assess and Correlate Resting Heart Rate, Body Composition and Heart Rate Variability in Judo and Wushu Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-421
Author(s):  
Sapna Yadav ◽  
Gaurav Kadyan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: This study aimed to compare and correlate the resting heart rate, body composition and heart rate variability among judo and wushu players. Method: 40 athletes (20 judo and 20 wushu players) were included in the study. Body composition (BMI, subcutaneous body mass, skeletal body mass, body fat %, body density, Visceral fat, Lean body mass) was evaluated with the help of 7 skinfold thickness and body circumferences with the help of Harpenden calliper and measuring tape respectively. HRV (RMSSD, SDNN, LF/HF, LFnu and HFnu) was recorded in resting state (~5min) with the help of Heart wear shimmer ECG device. Result: No significant difference of body composition and HRV variables (p> 0.05) was found between the two groups except Body fat % and body density (p<0.05) which differ significantly among the two groups. In Judo, LF/HF and LFnu showed significant positive correlation with BMI (p<0.05, r=-0.488), subcutaneous whole-body mass (p<0.05, r=-0.464), visceral fat (p<0.05, r =-0.508), and body fat % (p<0.05, r =-0.626. Whereas HFnu showed significant negative correlation with BMI (p<0.05, r=-0.488), subcutaneous whole-body mass (p<0.05, r=-0.464), visceral fat (p<0.05, r=-0.505) and body fat % (p<0.05, r=-0.626). Whereas no correlation was found between HRV and Body composition in wushu players. Conclusion: Reduction in body fat % and visceral fat in judo players indicate improved sympathovagal balance which can be due to the adaptation induced by training loads. Similar results were not seen in wushu players because of high amount of body fat% and visceral fat. Keywords: Body composition, combat sports, heart rate variability, Body fat %, resting heart rate.

Psychophysiological Comparison of Self-Efficacy and Resting Heart Rate

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-722
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Fitness Center ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Individual Self

This study was used to assess the premise that lower resting heart rates should be associated with higher scores on self-efficacy for exercisers. A total of 64 participants, 29 men and 35 women ranging in age from 18 to 38 years old ( M = 23.22, SD = 4.19), currently participating in an exercise program at a fitness center, were assessed using the Exercise Specific Self-efficacy Scale to measure general individual self-efficacy, along with obtaining resting heart rates. Participants were separated into three different groups based on individual resting heart-rate values. Results for a 2 (sex) by 3 (heart rate) two-way analysis of variance indicated a significant difference in self-efficacy scores ( F2.58 = 3.24, p<.05) among the three groups. No interaction or main effect for sex was found.

Associations of Thyroid Hormones and Resting Heart Rate in Patients Referred to Coronary Angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 850-855
Author(s):  
Eva Steinberger ◽  
Stefan Pilz ◽  
Christian Trummer ◽  
Verena Theiler-Schwetz ◽  
Markus Reichhartinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Free Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractResting heart rate (RHR) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Thyroid hormones exert several effects on the cardiovascular system, but the relation between thyroid function and RHR remains to be further established. We evaluated whether measures of thyroid hormone status are associated with RHR in patients referred to coronary angiography. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxin (FT4), and RHR were determined in 2795 participants of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study. Median (25th to 75th percentile) serum concentrations were 1.25 (0.76–1.92) mU/l for TSH, 4.8 (4.2–5.3) pmol/l for FT3 and 17.1 (15.4-19.0) pmol/l for FT4, and mean (±standard deviation) RHR was 68.8 (±11.7) beats/min. Comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile, RHR (beats/min) was significantly higher in the fourth FT4 quartile [3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.23–4.73; p <0.001] and in the fourth FT3 quartile (2.30, 95% CI: 1.06–3.55; p <0.001), but there was no significant difference for TSH quartiles. In multiple linear regression analyses adjusting for various potential confounders, FT3 and FT4 were significant predictors of RHR (p <0.001 for both). In subgroups restricted to TSH, FT3, and FT4 values within the reference range, both FT3 and FT4 remained significant predictors of RHR (p <0.001 for all). In conclusion, in patients referred to coronary angiography, FT3 and FT4 but not TSH were positively associated with RHR. The relationship between free thyroid hormones and RHR warrants further investigations regarding its diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

scholarly journals A comparative study of parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young healthy females

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaily Verma ◽  
Prashant Khuraiya ◽  
Rajni Soni
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parasympathetic Function ◽  
Three Phases

Background: The hormonal fluctuations that occur during normal menstrual cycle has profound influence on autonomic functions. This influence on autonomic nervous system may affect cardiovagal control. The aim of the study is to find out the variation of Parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young healthy females.Methods: The present study was carried out on 50 healthy female subjects with normal menstrual cycles between the ages of 18 to 25 years. Various non-invasive parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle were performed that include Resting heart rate (RHR), Heart rate variation during deep breathing (E:I Ratio), Heart rate response to standing (30:15 Ratio), Heart rate response to Valsalva maneuver (Valsalva Ratio). The results were analysed using ANOVA and student’s paired-t tests.Results: During the menstrual cycle, we found varied heart rate response with higher values towards the luteal phase, when compared to the follicular phase and the menstrual phase. There was a statistically significant difference in the heart rate parameters like resting heart rate, 30:15 ratio, valsalva ratio and E:I ratio during the three phases of menstrual cycle.Conclusions: The study concludes that there was statistically significant heart rate variability during three phases of the menstrual cycle, as observed by the increased sympathetic discharge in the luteal phase compared to the increased parasympathetic discharge in the follicular phase. The results of our study have emphasized the complexity of the relationship between ovarian steroids and various hemodynamic regulatory systems.

P179 Alterations of resting heart rate and heart rate viability after cryoballon ablation in the patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sakabe ◽  
K Maeno ◽  
H Yamagishi ◽  
K Unno ◽  
T Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Cryoballoon Ablation ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background While it is generally accepted that cardiac autonomic nervous system (CANS) plays an important role in atrial fibrillation (AF) and pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) by radiofrequency catheter ablation modifies the ganglionated plexi (GP), the alterations of CANS after PVI are not clarified. Purpose The objective of this study was to investigate the alteration of CANS after conventional cryoballoon ablation (CBA) by using a non-invasive examination method of measuring resting heart rate (R-HR) and coefficient of variation of R-R interval (CVR-R) which is a representative parameter of heart rate viability. CVR-R reflects R-R interval variation affected by respiration. It is calculated from the R-R interval of consecutive 100 heart beats of sinus rhythm recorded at rest. Declines of CVR-R indicate the parasympathetic dysfunction and the normal range of it varies depend on the age. As age increases from 30s to 70s, the average value of CVR-R decreases from 4.0% to 2.4%. Methods Consecutive patients of paroxysmal AF treated with initial CBA in our institute participated. Subjects were limited to the patients who maintained sinus rhythm through the study and whose prescription had not been changed after procedure. All patients recorded 12-lead electrocardiogram to measure R-HR and CVR-R before and the day after the procedure. We compared R-HR and CVR-R of all patients before and after CBA. And in addition, we compared them in each of two groups whose pre-procedural H-RH were under 50 bpm (Group-U50) and over 70 bpm (Group-O70). All procedures were performed with second generation 28mm cryoballoon (CB)s under the conscious sedation with Dexmedetomidine. CB temperature was down to a minimum of -60°C and target application time was 180 seconds. Results In the procedure of all 105 patients (male gender, 54%; age, 66.9 ± 10.4years; CHADS2score, 1.15 ± 1.04; diabetes mellitus,14%; beta-blocker therapy, 16%), 1 of touch-up for PVI, 6 of supra vena cava isolation and 21 of cavotricuspid isthmus linear ablations with radiofrequency catheter were added. In all patients, R-HR increased from 58.9 ± 9.2bpm to 72.4 ± 9.5bpm (P &lt; 0.01) and CVR-R decreased from 2.36 ± 1.08% to 1.24 ± 0.68% (P &lt; 0.01), respectively. In Group-U50 (n = 14; male gender 64%; age 67.6 ± 12.4 years), R-HR increased from 47.1 ± 2.1bpm to 64.4 ± 7.9bpm (P &lt; 0.01) and CVR-R decreased from 2.58 ± 1.59% to 1.34 ± 0.82% (P &lt; 0.01), respectively. In Group-O70 (n = 17; male gender 43%; age 67.4 ± 12.6 years), R-HR increased from 73.7 ± 2.8bpm to 81.8 ± 7.4bpm (P &lt; 0.01) and CVR-R decreased from 2.33 ± 0.94% to 1.14 ± 0.52% (P &lt; 0.01), respectively. Values of CVR-R before and after CBA showed no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions After CBA, R-HR increment and CVR-R decrement were significantly observed. CVR-R was halved regardless of pre–procedural R-HR. Damages to GP by CBA would be reflected as denervation of vagus nerves in CANS. R-HR increase might be associated with parasympathetic suppression of CANS.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of bupropion for smoking cessation and reduction in schizophrenia: systematic review and meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tai-yin Tsoi ◽  
Mamta Porwal ◽  
Angela Claire Webster
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundThe benefits and harms of bupropion as an aid for smoking cessation in schizophrenia remain uncertain.AimsTo summarise the current evidence for efficacy and safety of bupropion as treatment for nicotine dependence in schizophrenia.MethodSystematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing bupropion with placebo or alternative therapeutic control in adult smokers with schizophrenia.ResultsTwenty-one reports from seven RCTs were included. Biochemically verified self-reported smoking cessation rates after bupropion were significantly higher than placebo at the end of treatment (risk ratio (RR) = 2.57, P = 0.004) and at 6 months (RR = 2.78, P = 0.05). Expired carbon monoxide level was significantly lower with bupropion at the end of therapy (P = 0.002) but not at 6 months (P = 0.37). There was no significant difference in positive (P = 0.28) or negative symptoms (P = 0.49) between the bupropion and the placebo group.ConclusionsBupropion increases the rates of smoking abstinence in smokers with schizophrenia, without jeopardising their mental state.

scholarly journals Efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy-based smartphone app for smoking cessation in China: a study protocol of a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e041985
Author(s):  
Yanhui Liao ◽  
Jinsong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionA number of smartphone apps have been proved to be effective in assisting smoking cessation in many countries, but little is known about the effectiveness of smartphone apps that assist in smoking cessation in China. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)-based cigarette smoking cessation smartphone app for treatment-seeking smokers in China.Methods and analysisIn this remote control, randomised controlled trial, the participants will be randomised and allocated in 1:1 ratio to smoking cessation app intervention group or to control group. Participants will receive a 12-week intervention (treatment group will receive CBT-based cigarette smoking cessation smartphone app intervention and control group will receive text messaging-based control intervention) with follow-up at week 26. The primary outcome includes biologically verified continuous smoking abstinence at week 26 after the quit date. The main secondary outcomes include 7-hour point prevalence smoking abstinence at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 26, self-reported continuous smoking abstinence at weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 26 after the quit date. About 1200 smokers with willingness to make a quit attempt within a month from January 2021 to August 2021 or until the recruitment process is complete will be recruited. The final 26-week follow-up will be completed in August 2022. The trial results will be available by the end of 2022. All analyses will be done on an intention-to-treat basis. Based on the previous studies, we hypothesised that this CBT-based app will be an effective, feasible and accessible smoking cessation app in China.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, an affiliate of Zhejiang University, Medical College (number: 20200129-33). Study results will be disseminated via research conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberNCT04421170.

Physiological Effects of a 13-Week Physical Fitness Program on Down Syndrome Subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Fitness Program ◽  
Series Design ◽  
Health Related

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 13-week health-related fitness program on 10 Down syndrome subjects aged 8 to 18. An A-B-A time-series design was used, with data collected every 6 weeks for 43 weeks: The preintervention phase included four data collection points, and the intervention and postintervention phases included two data collection points each. Data obtained included resting heart rate, blood pressure, and results of a step test designed to measure cardiovascular fitness. Analyses of results revealed significant positive changes for resting heart rate (p < .0005), blood pressure (p < .01), and step test (p < .0001). Motivation and the type of program implemented were identified as particular reasons for positive outcomes. It was concluded that participation in regular physical activity may be beneficial for Down syndrome subjects, particularly because poor fitness levels have been closely associated with health risks such as cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Physical and physiological benefits of small sided recreational handball in untrained males: relationship of body fat with aerobic capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
Rakesh Tomar ◽  
John A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Study Aim. Exercise and Recreation play major role in promotion of health and fitness. Recreational exercise or sports can be useful in physically inactive population. The aim of study was to investigate the effect of recreational handball on body fat percent, VO2max, blood pressure and resting heart rate. Another purpose to find relationship between VO2max and body fat percentage. Material and Methods. Twenty-four students were randomized into intervention (n=14) and control group (n=10). The intervention group was asked to play recreational handball for 12 weeks. Handball training was held twice a week for 30 minutes duration. The Control group performed their normal routine. Aerobic capacity measured using single-stage treadmill test. Body fat was measured with Omron Body Fat Analyzer. T-test was employed to find a significant difference in the two groups. For the relationship in aerobic capacity and body fat, Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used. Results. We found significant difference in body percent (t22 = 2.031, P = 0.054). No significant difference was seen in aerobic capacity (t22 = 1.578, P = 0.129), systolic blood pressure (t22 = -1.637, P = 0.116), diastolic blood pressure (t22 = -1.562, P = 0.133) and resting heart rate (t22 = 1.620, P = 0.120). Significant relationship was established between body percent and aerobic capacity (r= -5.23, n=14, p= 0.055) in the intervention group. Conclusions. It can be concluded that recreational handball was useful in eliciting good response with respect to reduction of body fat in intervention group. However, recreation handball sessions were not effective in reducing blood pressure, resting heart and aerobic capacity among untrained males. A significant relationship was observed in VO2max and percent body fat.

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