scholarly journals 452. Familial Cluster of COVID-19 Cases Associated with High Prevalence of Anosmia, Ageusia, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S293-S293
Author(s):  
Bethany E Ho ◽  
Andrea P Ho ◽  
Michaela A Ho ◽  
Elizabeth C Ho
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Familial Cluster ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Patients with COVID-19 most commonly report respiratory symptoms, with a minority reporting gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in currently available reports. Additionally, little is known about the symptoms of anosmia/hyposmia, ageusia, and dysgeusia anecdotally seen in COVID-19 patients, which may be considered both GI and sensory/neurological manifestations of infection. Methods We interviewed 7 patients via oral inquiries and a questionnaire, collecting data on subject symptoms and their durations. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to confirm 2 of these cases. Results We report a familial cluster of 7 COVID-19 cases, 5 of whom reported sensory symptoms of anosmia/hyposmia (5/7), ageusia/hypogeusia (5/7), and/or dysgeusia (3/7). All 7 cases reported GI involvement with one or more symptom of: nausea (5/7), diarrhea (4/7), abdominal pain (3/7), anorexia (3/7), and emesis (2/7). Figure 1. Timeline of Symptoms and Exposure to Index Case in Familial COVID-19 Cluster Conclusion This frequency of GI symptoms is high relative to currently available epidemiological reports, which also infrequently report on sensory symptoms. The mechanistic underpinnings of GI and sensory symptoms in COVID-19 warrant close consideration and analysis, especially as it relates to reducing disease transmission. COVID-19 exhibits wide variation in duration, severity, and progression of symptoms, even within a familial cluster. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals SARS–CoV-2 isolation from an appendix

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzaib Ahmad ◽  
Rahim Nadeem Ahmed ◽  
Poonam Jani ◽  
Mattee Ullah ◽  
Hossam Aboulgheit
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
First Case ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Efforts to recognize SARS–CoV-2 infection have focused on respiratory symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath. Although it is also well known that SARS–CoV-2 infection can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea, there are emerging reports of SARS–CoV-2 infection causing surgical pathology. We present the first case report of SARS–CoV-2 infection directly causing acute appendicitis, first suspected due to highly atypical histological features and later confirmed as polymerase chain reaction positive appendicular tissue sample.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Adhesion and Regulation of Biofilm-Related Genes in Different Clones ofStaphylococcus aureus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Sahab Atshan ◽  
Mariana Nor Shamsudin ◽  
Zamberi Sekawi ◽  
Leslie Than Thian Lung ◽  
Rukman Awang Hamat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Microtiter Plate Assay ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Clinical information about genotypically different clones of biofilm-producingStaphylococcus aureusis largely unknown. We examined whether different clones of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MSSA and MRSA) differ with respect to staphylococcal microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs) in biofilm formation. The study used 60 different types ofspaand determined the phenotypes, the prevalence of the 13 MSCRAMM, and biofilm genes for each clone. The current investigation was carried out using a modified Congo red agar (MCRA), a microtiter plate assay (MPA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clones belonging to the samespatype were found to have similar properties in adheringto thepolystyrene microtiter plate surface. However, their ability to produce slime on MCRA medium was different. PCR experiments showed that 60 clones of MSSA and MRSA were positive for 5 genes (out of 9 MSCRAMM genes).icaADBCgenes were found to be present in all the 60 clones tested indicating a high prevalence, and these genes were equally distributed among the clones associated with MSSA and those with MRSA. The prevalence of other MSCRAMM genes among MSSA and MRSA clones was found to be variable. MRSA and MSSA gene expression (MSCRAMM andicaADBC) was confirmed by RT-PCR.

scholarly journals Perspective of Arguments in Public Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Negative Report ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Pcr Test

Recently, an argument was put forth because a symptomatic and positive patient for CoVID-19 turned tested negative after 7 days, so discharged from the hospital. Both at the time of admission and discharge real-time reverse transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was done for testing of CoVID-19. Immediately, patient again developed respiratory symptoms and was admitted to hospital again. Amidst of current CoVID-19 pandemic, a question was asked “What is the specificity of the Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test for COVID-19?” with an assumption that what if at the time of discharge the disease is present in patient but test turned out to be negative? In response to that a counter statement was posed that “It is the sensitivity that should be asked rather than specificity”. It was based on the implication of primary question that was implying false negative report of the RT-PCR. It means, since patient was discharged with negative result that could be false negative.

scholarly journals Imaging of abdominal complications of COVID-19 infection

BJR|Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20200052
Author(s):  
Damiano Caruso ◽  
Marta Zerunian ◽  
Francesco Pucciarelli ◽  
Elena Lucertini ◽  
Benedetta Bracci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first described in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in the last months of 2019 and then declared as a pandemic. Typical symptoms are represented by fever, cough, dyspnea and fatigue, but SARS-CoV-2 infection can also cause gastrointestinal symptoms (vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite) or be totally asymptomatic. As reported in literature, many patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had a secondary abdominal involvement (bowel, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, liver, kidneys), confirmed by laboratory tests and also by radiological features. Usually the diagnosis of COVID-19 is suspected and then confirmed by real-time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), after the examination of the lung bases of patients, admitted to the emergency department with abdominal symptoms and signs, who underwent abdominal-CT. The aim of this review is to describe the typical and atypical abdominal imaging findings in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection reported since now in literature.

Detection of blaVIM and blaIMP Carbapenemase-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Clinical Samples in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Level

Background and Aims: The prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) strains has been recently reported worldwide. Therefore, accurate and rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing isolates is essential. So, this study aimed to detect blaVIM and blaIMP carbapenemase-producing strains using the modified Hodge test (MHT) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, P. aeruginosa  strains were collected from clinical samples (blood, urine, wound, and other liquids body) in Firoozgar and Shahid Motahari Hospitals in Tehran and Velayat Hospital in Rasht Province, from May to December 2018. After identifying the isolates using the standard microbial tests, carbapenemase-producing strains were isolated by the modified hodge test. After that, the detection of blaVIM and blaIMP genes was performed by RT-PCR technique. Results: One hundred P. aeruginosa were isolated from different clinical samples. Among these, 74 (74%) isolates were considered as carbapenemase positive using MHT. The frequencies of blaVIM and blaIMP genes were obtained as 83% and 11%, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate a high level of resistance to most of the antibiotics tested and a high prevalence of blaVIM gene in P. aeruginosa strains.

scholarly journals Acute Pancreatitis as a Possible Unusual Manifestation of COVID-19 in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Niloufar Bineshfar ◽  
Alireza Mirahmadi ◽  
Fereshteh Karbasian ◽  
Elham Pourbakhtyaran ◽  
Abdollah Karimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Amylase Level ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Unusual Manifestation ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Test

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread throughout the world causing problems for millions of people. Symptoms of COVID-19 in pediatric patients include both respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. The most common symptoms are fever, cough, and fatigue. In this report, we describe a case of a previously well 14-year-old boy, who presented to our emergency department with a complaint of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting without fever or respiratory symptoms. He was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis based on an abnormal amylase level and abdomen computed tomography (CT) and later found to be infected by SARS-CoV-2, by a positive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal symptoms as antecedent signs of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-325
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Młodożeniec ◽  
◽  
Paulina Szul ◽  
Agnieszka Gala-Błądzińska ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Introduction. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) is an acute infectious disease of the respiratory system caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‑CoV‑2). Most patients present with typical, respiratory symptoms. Common signs include cough, fever, dyspnea and shortness of breath. In this case we provide atypical indications of COVID-19, which may occur earlier than respiratory symptoms. Aim. This case is an example of an unusual course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Description of the case. This article describes a case of a 63-year-old man and his wife, a 60-year old woman who were admitted to the emergency department with a few days’ history of gastrointestinal symptoms. Both patients presented with the digestive symptoms of nausea, diarrhea and loss of appetite. They denied abdominal pain and the loss of smell or taste. Due to suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection a nasopharyngeal swabs of both patients was taken. The results of real- time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction were positive. When the final diagnosis of COVID-19 was established they were transported to another hospital. Conclusion. COVID-19 may manifest with atypical indications such a nausea and diarrhea. An atypical indications of COVID-19 may occur earlier than respiratory symptoms. It is important for clinicians to remain alert.

Abstract 43: Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays For Detection Of Respiratory Viruses In Kawasaki Disease Patients

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Mi Hong ◽  
Seul Bee Lee ◽  
Han Seul Choi ◽  
Jung Hyun Kwon ◽  
Hae Soon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Coronary Artery Diameter ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: Respiratory symptoms are frequently observed in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) during the acute phase. The association rate of KD with antecedent respiratory illness has been reported to range from 56 to 83%. Clinical and epidemiologic features of KD support an infectious cause, but the etiology remains unknown. We investigated the association of respiratory viruses in children with KD using multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods: 138 KD patients were enrolled from January 2010 to June 2013. Two study groups (Group 1; n=94, KD without respiratory symptoms, Group 2; n=44, KD with respiratory symptoms) were compared with a control group (Group 3; n=5, febrile patients with respiratory symptoms). Laboratory data were obtained from each patient including complete blood count (CBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), platelet count, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum total protein, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), NT-pro brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Echocardiographic measurements were compared between the three groups. RT-PCR was performed using nasopharyngeal secretion to screen for the presence of 14 viruses (corona virus, parainfluenza virus 1, 2 and 3, influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus A and B, rhino virus A, B and C, metapneumo virus, adenovirus, and bocavirus) in groups 2 and 3. Results: The rate of KD with respiratory symptoms was 17.5%. The duration of fever was significantly longer and coronary artery diameter was significantly larger in group 2 than in group 1. Coronary artery diameter, CRP, platelet count, ALT, and NT-pro BNP were significantly higher and albumin lower in group 2 compared with group 3. Detection rate of adenovirus was 55.0% in group 2 and 28.6% in group 3. Conclusion: A positive RT-PCR for respiratory viruses may be helpful to elucidate the specific virus in KD patients with respiratory symptoms. NT-proBNP is a very important diagnostic tool in differentiating KD from other febrile viral respiratory infaction.

Investigations on the prevalence of tortoise picorna-virus in captive tortoises in Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (05) ◽  
pp. 304-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Funcke ◽  
Michael Lierz ◽  
Susanne Paries
Keyword(s):  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Testudo Graeca ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Results

Summary Objective: Tortoise picornavirus (ToPV) has been speculated to play an important role in the frequently seen disease pattern of juvenile shell softening. This study aimed to determine ToPV prevalence among German tortoise collections. Material and methods: A total of 334 animals selected from 27 different collections were included. Seven species of four genera of the family Testudinidae (Testudo graeca, T. hermanni, T. marginata, T. horsfieldii, Centrochelys sulcata, Stigmochelys pardalis, Chelonoidis carbonarius) were sampled. The tortoises were clinically investigated and none of the adults showed any signs of shell softening. Seven hatchlings of a ToPV-positive T. graeca breeding pair showed retarded growth and a progressive shell weakness that resulted in death. Each animal was sampled by conjunctival, pharyngeal and cloacal swabs (990 swabs in total) and blood sampling (293 in total). All three swabs of one animal were pooled and tested by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for tortoise picornavirus RNA. Blood samples were investigated by virus neutralisation test (VNT) for specific anti ToPV antibodies. All titres equal to or higher than log2 = 2 were considered positive. Results: In total, 35 adult and 11 juvenile animals were tested positive for ToPV RNA. The serological investigation did detect specific antibodies against ToPV in 44 adult tortoises and one juvenile. In total, 76 animals were tested positive in either one of the investigations, 16 animals in both. The highest number of ToPV-positive animals was found for T. graeca, with a prevalence of 32 %. No specimens of C. carbonarius, C. sulcata, or S. pardalis were tested positive. Conclusion and clinical relevance: The results propose a predisposition in T. graeca, as well as a high prevalence of ToPV in T. graeca, whereas other species showed only single or no positive animals, but may function as virus carriers.

Assessment of Thyroid Function in COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hasan Mohammed ◽  
Araz Muhammed Yousif ◽  
Samir Anwar Jabbar ◽  
Parween Abdulsamad Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Since the egression of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease, more than 200 countries and areas around the world were affected. To the present, it is not clear whether COVID-19 has effects on thyroid function or not. The aim of the current study was to assess thyroid function in COVID-19 patients with history of thyroid disease and those without such a history and to find out the thyroid disturbance in both groups. The present study involved 86 COVID-19 affected patients admitted BioLab and the Balsam Hospital, Erbil/ Iraq between January and April 2021. Confirmation of COVID-19 infection all patients by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal swabs. Thyroid hormones, and thyrotropin (TSH) level was analyzed and assessed. Most of the participants (88.4%) had normal T3 level, and there was no significant difference (p = 0.069) between those with normal T3, TPO and with no history of thyroid disease and those with such a history and/or high TPO. T4 levels of the participants with no history of thyroid disease and normal TPO did not differ significantly (p =0.725) from those with a history of thyroid disease and/or high TPO. Regarding the level of TSH, there was significant difference (p<0.001) between the two fore mentioned groups. There is high prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in the COVID-19 patients with family history of thyroid disease and high TPO antibody level.

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