A State-Wide Effectiveness Trial of CTC in Pennsylvania

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Fagan ◽  
J. David Hawkins ◽  
Richard F. Catalano ◽  
David P. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
State Level ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Early Adopter ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Prevention System ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Outcome Evaluations ◽  
Wide Dissemination

This chapter provides an example of how a community-based prevention system can be delivered at scale and with quality, using a state-wide dissemination of CTC in Pennsylvania as an example. As an early adopter of CTC, Pennsylvania began funding coalitions to implement CTC and EBIs in the mid-1990s. The chapter describes how the state formed successful partnerships between local community members, prevention scientists, and state-level agencies, including the creation of a state-level organization to oversee and help ensure successful implementation of CTC coalitions and EBIs. The chapter also summarizes the results of process and quasi-experimental outcome evaluations conducted in Pennsylvania. These evaluations have shown that CTC communities have successfully created and sustained broad-based, high-functioning coalitions, selected and sustained EBIs, and experienced reductions in youth behavioral health problems.

scholarly journals Developing homestay to support community-based tourism

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Ilham Junaid ◽  
Nur Salam ◽  
Muh. Arfin M. Salim
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Tour Guides

Wakatobi regency has been chosen as a ten-top priority tourism destination in Indonesia. It provides the opportunity for the local community to obtain benefits through tourism. The aims of this research are 1) to study the expectation of the community related to the management of homestay as accommodation business; 2) to analyse challenges and provide recommendations concerning how to implement community-based tourism on the perspective of community as the organiser of the homestay. Qualitative research conducted in March 2018 by visiting Wakatobi for participant observation and interviews three community members or homestay managers, two tour guides and two people from the tourism industry (accommodation). The research indicates that tourism has encouraged the local community to manage homestay, although there are members of the community require motivation and support to understand the significances of managing homestay and tourism. The management of homestay by the local community links to the implementation of community-based tourism and to optimise the management of homestay; it is necessary to provide sustainable training for the local community as well as to empower people through local tourism organisation. Key attractors such as activities and alternative attractions for the visitors are essential for the management of homestay. Limited numbers of tourists who choose homestay to become the challenge for homestay management, thus, the local community expects that the increasing number of tourists as well as a willingness by tourists to choose homestay as their accommodation. 

scholarly journals Disaster management strategies and relation of good governance for the coastal Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
Prabal Barua ◽  
◽  
Abhijit Mitra ◽  
Saeid Eslamian ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Management Policies

Although Bangladesh’s immense steps in preparing the disaster management policies following the values of good governance issue, the quantity to which these policies have productively been executing at the local level remnants mostly unknown. The objectives of this investigation were dual: firstly, to inspect the roles and efficiency of the local-level governance and disaster management organization, and lastly, to recognize the obstacles to the execution of national the policies and Disaster-Risk-Reduction guidelines at the local community level. The authors applied qualitative research and case Study approach, using techniques from the Participatory Rural Appraisal toolbox to collect data from local community members as well as government and NGO officials. From the finding of the study, it was revealed that interactive disaster governance, decentralization of disaster management, and compliance by local-level institutions with good governance principles and national policy guidelines can be extremely effective in reducing disaster-loss and damages. According to coastal community members, the local governments have generally failed to uphold good governance principles, and triangulated data confirm that the region at large suffers from rampant corruption, political favoritism, lack of transparency and accountability and minimal inclusion of local inhabitants in decision-making – all of which have severely impeded the successful implementation of national disaster-management policies. This study contributes to these research gaps, with identification of further research agenda in these areas. The paper deals with International Sendai Framework that called for enhancement of local level community resilience to disasters. Thus, it contributes to numerous policy and practice areas relating to good disaster governance. The study identified the specific manifestations of these failures in coastal communities in Bangladesh. These results underscore the vital need to address the wide gap between national DRR goals and the on-the-ground realities of policy implementation to successfully enhance the country’s resilience to climate change-induced disasters.

scholarly journals Information Flows in Community-Based Monitoring Exercises in the Ecuadorian Amazon

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan A. Oldekop ◽  
Nathan K. Truelove ◽  
Santiago Villamarín ◽  
Richard F. Preziosi
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Ecuadorian Amazon ◽  
Monitoring Protocols

Community-based monitoring schemes provide alternatives to costly scientific monitoring projects. While evidence shows that local community inhabitants can consistently measure environmental changes, few studies have examined how learned monitoring skills get passed on within communities. Here, we trained members of indigenous Kichwa communities in the Ecuadorian Amazon to measure fern and dung beetle species richness and examined how well they could pass on the information they had learned to other members of their community. We subsequently compared locally gathered species richness data to estimates gathered by trained biologists. Our results provide further evidence that devolved monitoring protocols can provide similar data to that gathered by scientists. In addition, our results show that local inhabitants can effectively pass on learned information to other community members, which is particularly important for the longevity of community-based monitoring initiatives.

Strategies and Practices in Community—Based Campaigns Promoting Nutrition and Physical Activity

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 2-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Alcalay ◽  
Robert A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Evaluation Stage ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Strategy Design

The strategies and practices employed in 50 community-based nutrition and physical activity interventions are reviewed from the perspective of a four-stage social marketing model. Goals and objectives established at the research and planning stage were infrequently grounded in data and theory. At the strategy design stage, concept/message pretesting was uncommon. Most campaigns disseminated material products through several channels and activities. At the implementation stage, community members were regularly enlisted as collaborators and a majority of campaigns identified sustainability as a long-term goal. In the evaluation stage, summative research was most often based on quasi-experimental methods. Self-reported knowledge and behavior effects were often assessed; morbidity and mortality campaign effects were rarely considered. Suggestions are offered for improving the design and execution of future interventions.

scholarly journals Local community participation in rhino conservation - Key to conservation success.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ADMIRE CHANYANDURA
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Rhino Poaching

A robust framework to guide community engagement in illegal wildlife trade is lacking. There is a need to reconnect local communities with their original wildlife, a connection which they have lost through the influence of colonialism and neo-colonialism. Virtually all conservation bodies and players believe that local communities are key to the success of rhino conservation but they are not equally walking their talk. Bottom-up community-based initiatives help to curb poaching especially level one poachers. The multifaceted problem of African rhino poaching on the continent is approaching calamitous proportions, with astounding, sobering statistics revealing the sheer extent of the illegal practice today. The interplay of rhino horn demand and supply side is fuelled by poverty, greed, superstition, corruption, social injustice, ruthlessness, and ignorance. Economic transformation benefiting wildlife and communities is key to save the rhinoceros species. Rhino properties should provide direct financial benefits to communities, building capacity and engage community members and private landowners in rhinoceros conservation. Rhino protection should be incentivized, continuously increasing the number of people benefiting from conservation, and decreasing animosity toward wildlife will motivate local people to fully embrace conservation efforts. Conservation efforts should first target level one poachers who are vulnerable and exposed, by developing a comprehensive profitable and lucrative community participation packages in all rhino properties. Conservationists should walk their talk and genuinely work with local communities to build support for rhino conservation through education, awareness, self-sustaining business ventures and employment.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Local Participation in Community Forestry: The Case of Tinto and Bimbia-Bonadikombo Community Forest, Cameroon

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Mbunya Francis Nkemnyi
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Feedback Systems ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Theoretical Formulation ◽  
Local Participation ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Participatory Policy

<p><em>Local participation in forest management remains a fundamental challenge to be solved despite the growing political and academic interest in participatory management. This study analyzed how community forestry implementation in Cameroon has affected the participation of local people using two case studies. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were the main methods in data collection. The main findings revealed that majority of local community members (73.3%) were less informed of the purpose of community forestry. This limited participatory efforts in the implementation process. The creation and management process of the community forests were more focused on engaging influential actors rather than enabling social justice as proposed by the legislation. Marginalization of local community members, which community forestry was created to resolve was still evident. This study argues that although participatory policies are usually designed to benefit the less privileged, the outcomes most often do not match the purpose. There is need for participatory policy debates and development to go beyond theoretical formulation to crafting mechanisms and feedback systems that could ensure successful implementation and follow up. </em></p>

Community Geographic Domain Names

2011 ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Alison Norris
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Special Interest Groups ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Domain Name ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Domain Names

The Australian (.au) Domain Name Authority (auDA) announced the creation of Community Geographic Domain Names (CGDNs) in November, 2002 (auDA, 2005b). This scheme is novel because it restricts licensing and use of the CGDNs to community-based groups running community portals. The community group must demonstrate that they are representative of and inclusive of all local community members. The community portals displayed on CGDNs are required to reflect community interests, and may choose to cover cultural events, tourism, historical information, special interest groups and local business (auDA, 2005b).

“If You Plant Something, You Will Harvest Something”: Backyard Gardening and Community Development in Rural Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Ami Dasig Salazar ◽  
Pauline Werner ◽  
Elene Cloete
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Organizations ◽  
Intangible Benefits ◽  
Community Based Organization

Abstract This article explores the intangible benefits of backyard gardening for community development. Research confirms backyard gardening as a productive approach of communities toward greater food security and biodiversity. Those are, however, not these gardens' only benefits. Using the case of a backyard gardening project implemented by a community-based organization in rural Philippines, we argue that the benefits of backyard gardens stretch beyond health and finance. These gardens also increase local community-based organizations' institutional capacity while fostering community-wide cohesion, rekindling knowledge sources, and bolstering community members' sense of pride and personal freedom.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Brigade-Style, Multiphasic Cancer Screening in Rural Honduras

2020 ◽  
pp. 453-461
Author(s):  
Kathleen Doyle Lyons ◽  
Linda S. Kennedy ◽  
Ethan P.M. Larochelle ◽  
Gregory J. Tsongalis ◽  
H. Sarahi Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rural Location ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Post Test

PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of brigade-style, multiphasic cancer screening in Honduras, exploring data from 3 screening events that each tested for multiple cancers on single occasions. METHODS This series of 3 studies each used a single-arm, post-test–only design to explore the feasibility of implementing multiphasic, community-based cancer screening at the same rural location in 2013, 2016, and 2017. The 2013 event for women screened for 2 cancers (breast and cervix), and the 2016 event for women screened for 3 cancers (breast, cervix, and thyroid). The 2017 event for men screened for 5 cancers (skin, prostate, colorectal, oropharynx, and testes). RESULTS Totals of 473 and 401 women participated in the 2013 and 2016 events, respectively, and 301 men participated in the 2017 event. Staffing for each event varied from 33 to 44 people and relied primarily on in-country medical students and local community members. High rates (mean, 88%) of compliance with referral for follow-up testing at clinics and primary care facilities were observed after the screening events. CONCLUSION The multiphasic, community-based approach proved feasible for both women and men and resulted in high rates of compliance with follow-up testing. This approach appears highly replicable: it was conducted multiple times across the years with different screening targets, which could be further scaled elsewhere using the same technique.

scholarly journals Wearing the Label of Mental Illness: Community-Based Participatory Action Research of Mental Illness Stigma

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Theurer ◽  
Nicole Jean-Paul ◽  
Kristi Cheyney ◽  
Mirka Koro-Ljungberg ◽  
Bruce Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based

Stigma remains an impediment to seeking and receiving the requisite care for mental illness. To enhance a local National Alliance for Mental Illness (NAMI) affiliate’s understanding of community members’ perceptions of mental illness and its associated stigma, a community-based participatory action research study was conducted. The study addressed the following research question: how do community members understand and experience the stigma associated with mental illness? Twenty-two participant-researchers wore mental illness labeled T-shirts around the local community, recorded their observations and reflections of this experience and recruited twenty-two community members for semi-structured interviews about mental illness stigma. Domain analysis of the interviews revealed community members’ understandings of (1) sources of stigma, (2) impacts of stigma, (3) conceptualizations of stigma and (4) pathways to change stigma. Findings were presented to members of the local NAMI affiliate as well as other community members. Practical implications, specific to the community of interest, are discussed.

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