Working for Free

2018 ◽  
pp. 167-196
Author(s):  
Jon W. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Marginal Returns ◽  
Share Value

While freedom dividends from spreading the Internet specifically and information technologies more generally across the Arab Middle East have proven problematic, hopes for economic dividends endure throughout the spectrum from national policy-makers to developers and users in nearly all countries in the region. Enthusiasms for investment in Internet and IT generally have rested on broad supply-side orientations at macro levels that do not link with the actual sociology of IT development, deployment and use at more micro levels, where returns to working on and through the Internet have been elusive. This chapter focuses on Internet developers as the missing link and identifies factors from piracy to strategies for pursuing returns by selling the firm rather than the product and forms of rent-seeking that add problems of getting paid to practices in which IT workers elsewhere have been found to share value orientations of entrepreneurial IT firms, while value is extracted upward and marginal returns on primary production fall at the micro level and fail to register as productivity at the macro level.

Quantitative Modeling in Introducing and Managing New Information Technology in Global Business Operations

2011 ◽  
pp. 193-213
Author(s):  
Somnath Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Kallol Bagchi
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Modeling ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
International Markets ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
New Information

This chapter introduces the concept of using mathematical models to select international markets for global business operations. It uses predictive modeling of the Internet growth of many international countries as examples. The authors hope that it will help multinational enterprises and policy makers of any nation to study the importance of using quantitative planning models in introducing and managing new information technologies to new markets.

scholarly journals The Regulatory Framework and Minerals Development in Vietnam: An Assessment of Challenges and Reform

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhi Ba Ba Nguyen ◽  
Bryan Boruff ◽  
Matthew Tonts
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks

This paper aims to identify the key components of a modern mining regulatory framework and examines the extent to which the Vietnamese context reflects these characteristics. Through detailed observation of two research locations in Vietnam—Phuoc Son and Bong Mieu—the paper investigates how national policy operates at a local level. Findings show that, over the past decade, the Vietnamese Government has initiated substantial reforms to the regulatory frameworks governing mining, with the central objective to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). However, it has become apparent that these reforms have numerous deficiencies and loopholes that have led to a range of unintended economic, social and environmental consequences. To cope with challenges such as rent-seeking, limited capacities and capabilities of government staff, failure of institutions and neglect of local communities, policy makers will need to think differently and strategically about the mining industry and how regulations are implemented. Only by addressing these weaknesses will the path be paved for the sustainable growth of Vietnam’s mining industry into the future.

European Census on Pediatric Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 227-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Czauderna ◽  
Udo Rolle ◽  
Zacharias Zachariou ◽  
Gian Parigi
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Ancillary Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
Center Density

Background Detailed data on the distribution of pediatric surgical institutions in Europe are sparse. Therefore, the Section and Board of Pediatric Surgery of the Union of European Medical Specialists (UEMS) and the European Pediatric Surgeons' Association (EUPSA) jointly organized the first official census of the European centers of pediatric surgery (PS). Materials and Methods After obtaining a list of pediatric surgical centers in Europe, a specialized questionnaire was created and made available on the Internet. General, workload, staff, and ancillary data were collected for the centers. Results Total 215 out of 431 centers answered. PS center density is 1 in every 177,000 children or 1 in every 1,142,000 inhabitants. Approximately 77% of the centers (167 out of 215) are training centers in PS. Every center has an average inpatients procedures/year equal to 1,588, and 92.6 neonatal procedures/year. There are 3.9 surgeons/100,000 children, and 1,662 neonates for every surgeon. In average every EU surgeon performs 202 procedures/year, of which 11 procedures are on neonates. Trainees represent the 38% of the total workforce, and there are 2.3 trainees for every staff aged > 60 years. Conclusion The paper aims to offer a more grounded basis on which the future of PS in our Continent should be planned. Presented data will provide an invaluable help to all our colleagues, as well as national policy makers, to press for and to make better informed and well-grounded sound political choices in the field of PS.

The rise and endurance of radical right movements

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Caiani
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Leadership Communication ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

This article reviews the scholarship on radical right movements in Europe. It focuses on three strands of this literature: first, the macro-level contextual opportunities-based explanations for the fortunes of these movements; second, internal supply-side approaches, referring to the internal organizational resources – leadership, communication and propaganda – that support the mobilization; and third, the individual (micro-level) factors of the emergence and the rise of radical right movements. The goal is to shed light on all these different approaches to explain the ‘Who’, ‘When’, ‘How’ and ‘Why’ of the emergence and (violent) mobilization of radical right groups, using empirical evidence drawn from various case studies in Western, Eastern and Central Europe. This is a topic often neglected in the academic literature on the radical right, which still focuses mainly on political parties and elections. The article concludes by discussing possible future directions for radical right movement research, including the transnationalization of the radical right, the usage of the Internet and radical right ‘movement parties’.

PECULIARITIES AND CONDITIONS OF ACTIVITY OF BOOK PUBLISHING HOUSES OF UKRAINE IN THE MODERN MEDIA SPACE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Jezhyzhanska
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Media Space ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Book Publishers

In the information society the status of information is changing: this main value of global civilization becomes an important resource of socio- economic, technological and cultural development. The rapid development of virtual technologies and the growing number of Internet users in Ukraine and in the world causes the new challenges to communication of each organization. The book publishers are also obliged to respond to these processes. However, the works devoted directly to publishers’ communication in the modern media space are still lacking in Ukraine. The objective of the article is to clarify peculiarities and conditions of the activities of Ukrainian book publishers in today’s media space which is an important issue today. It is analyzed the literature and sources on this issue and it is ascertained the theoretical and practical possibilities to take into account the trends in the world of modern media in the PR-activity of book publishers. Also the prospects for further scientific study and practical use of PR-communications in the activity of publishers are determined. The analysis of current changes in the modern information space allows us to trace the general tendencies: the new subject and object areas are formed; the number of subjects is expanded; the new formats of interaction within the system of communications of the organization and in society as a whole are created. That means that publishing house’s PR-communications are complicated by the emergence of new elements, such as active audience, social networks as communication channels, promotions on the Internet and others. PR communication in the Internet space is the most effective and inexpensive tool for interaction of publishers with active audiences. Thus, the activation of PR communication in the modern media space is associated with the emergence of the latest information technologies, online media as well as development of Internet. The use of online channels of Internet for communication with the target audience of publishing organizations has certain advantages over traditional media. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the information saturation of media space, which complicates the way of PR-messages of book publishers to the reader.

COMPUTER PIRACY AS A GLOBAL PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Екатерина Султановна Айсханова
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Information Networks ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Global Problem

В работе рассматривается компьютерное пиратство как проблема мирового масштаба. Одним из значимых явлений, которое дало дорогу пиратству стало развитие информационных технологий. Если раньше результат пиратства можно было наблюдать исключительно в печатных изданиях, то сейчас оно набирает свои обороты в информационных сетях, а именно сети Интернет. The paper considers computer piracy as a global problem. One of the significant phenomena that gave way to piracy was the development of information technologies. If earlier the result of piracy could be observed only in printed publications, now it is gaining momentum in information networks, namely the Internet.

scholarly journals Urban Conflict, Rent Seeking, and Corruption Economic and Political Institutions in a Historical Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine THAIZE CHALLIER
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Abuse Of Power ◽  
Medieval France ◽  
Limiting Property ◽  
Urban Conflict ◽  
Commitment Problems

This paper is an empirical analysis to explore the relationships between urban conflict and both rent seeking and corruption. It examines social disturbances in medieval France through a sample of twelve towns examined over the period 1270-1399 in a real context of informational asymmetries, commitment problems, and issues indivisibilities. As regards the economic corruption class, it is found that townspeople rebel more often and more intensely against the extortion of funds carried out by policy makers than against the embezzlement of a part of these funds. As to the political corruption class, the findings highlight that abuse of power against municipalities is identified in more social unrest than influence peddling against these local institutions. Furthermore, it is shown that rent-seeking-related policies (like arbitrary actions limiting property rights, economic rules-based policies, and targeted political measures) have less influence on urban conflict than corrupt policies do. These findings produce insights that apply beyond the historical context and analysis of the paper. Situations presenting over-indebted towns despite overtaxed people disturb also modern democracies.

scholarly journals A Review of Eco-Innovations and Exports Interrelationship, with Special Reference to International Agrifood Supply Chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Galera-Quiles ◽  
Laura Piedra-Muñoz ◽  
Emilio Galdeano-Gómez ◽  
Angel Carreño-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Business Size ◽  
Micro Level

Growing environmental awareness in recent years has led to greater efforts by companies and governments to promote eco-innovation, which is becoming an increasingly competitive factor in international supply chains. However, the interrelationships between exports and eco-innovation have not yet been studied in sufficient depth. As such, the purpose of this work is to analyze the influence that exists between these two variables, both at a business or micro level and at a country/region or macro level, and the most influential factors, such as country of origin and sector of activity, among others. To this end, 60 publications have been reviewed from 1996 to 2019 from a global perspective, to analyze the characteristics that define them and both the existing relationship and impact generated by the two variables being studied within international supply chains. The results show that, in general, there is a positive bidirectional relationship, influenced by several factors, such as social performance, environmental regulation, cooperation strategies, employment level, or business size. Additionally, there is a growing interest in this issue within the agrifood sector, as the benefits of an appropriate environmental policy based on innovation to promote exports are of great importance. Finally, a series of recommendations are made for future research that is able to serve scholars, companies and also policy makers.

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