Introduction
This chapter establishes the relevance of nationalism in the digital age, and it discusses the importance of contemporary China in this regard, not merely as a simple case, but as a vast laboratory for social, cultural, and political change. The chapter introduces the ambiguities and contradictions that characterize digital politics in China today, and it outlines the themes that shape scholarly debates about digital China. This prominently includes discussions about the potential of digital technologies like the internet to empower Chinese citizens against the state and the ruling Chinese Communist Party. The introduction questions such interpretations of digital technologies as inherently democratizing. Instead, it makes the case that digital politics should not be viewed as simple struggles between state and society, but rather as complex negotiations, collaborations, and persuasions that benefit various stake-holders. Nationalist discourses in digital China, and particularly Chinese online representations of Japan, are a case in point.