Nationalism

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Advertising Agencies ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Selling Point ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Made In

Americans Are Patriotic And Nationalist, but not more than some Europeans (figure 173). Unsurprisingly, Germans are least proud of their nation, and rather unexpectedly and cheerily, the Portuguese—not the Americans—are most proud, with the Irish tied for second place. A 2007 survey reveals that a larger proportion of Italians consider their culture superior than any other nationalities surveyed, including the Americans. Another survey finds that only the Irish feel more uniformly proud to be of their nation. Proportionately more Austrians, Irish, French, and Danes claim they feel very close to their nation than do Americans. Americans are more likely than any Europeans to think that their country is better than most others. But proportionately more Portuguese, Danes, and Spaniards feel that the world would be improved if other people were like them. And any U.S. tendency to boosterism is tempered by the finding that a larger fraction of Americans admits that certain aspects of their country shame them than do the Germans, Austrians, Spanish, French, Danes, or Finns. No country more robustly projects its own nationalist aspirations in the products it sells abroad than the supposedly postnational Swedes. Swedish manufacturers, or at least their advertising agencies, seem convinced that the sheer fact of being Swedish is a selling point. Ikea’s walls are adorned with musings on the preternaturally close relationship between Swedes and nature that allegedly sets them apart from the rest of humanity, as are packets of Wasa crispbread. Asko’s slogan, “Made In Sweden,” is festooned prominently on its products. Though it does not necessarily inspire confidence that the company’s dishwashers are better than the competition, it certainly makes clear Asko’s national origins. Absolut Vodka’s tag—in uncharacteristically unidiomatic English—“Country of Sweden,” does much the same. Saab hawks its cars as “Born from Jets,” an unsubtle allusion to the company’s standing as a pillar of the Swedish military-industrial complex.

scholarly journals Plant Disease Detection and Localization using GRADCAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3069-3075
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Disease Detection ◽  
The World ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Made In

Plant diseases are diseases that change or disrupt its important functions. The reduction in the age at which a plant dies is the main danger of plant diseases. And farmers around the world have to face the challenge of identifying and classifying these diseases and changing their treatments for each disease. This task becomes more difficult when they have to rely on naked eyes to identify diseases due to the lack of proper financial resources. But with the widespread use of smartphones by farmers and advances made in the field of deep learning, researchers around the world are trying to find a solution to this problem. Similarly, the purpose of this paper is to classify these diseases using deep learning and localize them on their respective leaves. We have considered two main models for classification called resnet and efficientnet and for localizing these diseases we have used GRADCAM and CAM. GRADCAM was able to localize diseases better than CAM

The Mansuri Collection at the Library of Congress: An Underutilized Resource for the Study of Muslim Religious, Intellectual, and Social History

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Military Occupation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
Japanese Imperialism ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
The U.S

Late in 1945, officials in the U.S. government were pondering the lessons of the recently concluded wars with Germany and Japan. It is no surprise that the principal concern of policymakers was to prevent circumstances arising that would again imperil the nation and its ever-increasing interests abroad. From the Allied perspective, preventing the resurgence of German and Japanese imperialism required a prolonged military occupation. Together with a view toward deterring other military threats to U.S. power, the consequence was the building-up of a vast peacetime military apparatus, what President Eisenhower termed a “military-industrial complex,” for the first time in U.S. history. At this same time, the Librarian of Congress, Luther Harris Evans, argued that American security and hegemony demanded another kind of national commitment as well, to the acquisition and assembling of data throughout the world. In his words:

scholarly journals COMPETITIVE FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF DEFENCE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-440
Author(s):  
V.V. Kanshaev ◽  
D.G. Maksimov ◽  
N.G. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
World Market ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
Conducting Research

Competition is one of the driving forces of economic development, an important element of the progressive development of both public and private enterprises. It is believed that competition creates the prerequisites to produce higher-quality products, with less time and resources. Considering the current financial and political climate in the world, the struggle for markets is intensifying. The branch of Russia, which is competitive in the world market, is a military-industrial complex. The goal of the state is to support this industry. One of the priorities is the creation of a transparent system of distribution of defense orders among enterprises that compete in the domestic market. It is necessary to develop a mechanism that would provide access for defense industry enterprises to financial resources, which is one of the key factors necessary for conducting research and development works to create a scientific product that can be used for both military and civilian purposes. Among other things, it is necessary to help defense industry enterprises to find and acquire advanced foreign technologies that are poorly developed in Russia. This article is devoted to a small analysis of the competitiveness of enterprises of the military-industrial complex in the world market of countries producing military products. A brief description of the share of research in the total share of the gross product of countries is given.

scholarly journals Elemental Design Base of Chinese Supercomputer Technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Andrey Molyakov
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
State Support ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Supercomputer Technologies ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
The World ◽  
Chinese Military

China intends to close the technological gap from Western countries in microprocessor production by 2021. 46 new projects worth billions of dollars have already been launched in the country. Most of these projects receive direct or indirect state support, which creates a huge demand for domestic semiconductors. By a government decree, all servers in government offices and state-owned enterprises will be preferentially equipped with processors of domestic production. As a result, their sales are expected to grow at a rate of 20% annually. First of all, we are talking about “Loongson”, “Shenwei” and “Phytium” chips (the latter are the development of the Chinese military-industrial complex). The Shenwei processors, which have proved their effectiveness, are promising: they are the ones that run the world's most powerful supercomputer, Sunway Taihu Light, which consists of 10.65 million cores and performs 93 quadrillion operations per second.

Made in the U.S.A.: American Military Aid to Israel

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida Berrigan
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
American Military ◽  
Military Aid ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Made In

Enforcement of U.S. law concerning weapons exports and the disbursement of military aid are subject to highly politicized interpretations of concepts like ““legitimate self-defense”” and ““safeguarding internal security.”” As illustrated by Israel's July 2006 war in Lebanon and its 2008––2009 Operation Cast Lead in Gaza, Washington has essentially allowed Israel to define ““self-defense”” however it chooses. This overview of U.S. military aid to Israel, including weapons sales and related support of its domestic military industrial complex, examines in detail the mechanisms through which aid is funneled, the restrictions on aid that do exist, and the uses to which U.S. military aid has been put——particularly in terms of Israel's military operations and its exports abroad.

scholarly journals Features of the protection of the intellectual property related to the military-industrial complex of Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Mikhail Kuznetsov ◽  
Viktor Ponka ◽  
Ivan Chumachenko
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The World ◽  
The Military

An integral part of today’s cross-border civil and trade relations is cooperation and trade in the military-industrial complex. One of the key problems for the countries selling production of the military-industrial complex is the protection of the intellectual property rights in the field of defence industry. Russia, being one of the biggest arms exporters in the world, has accumulated an interesting experience of legal regulation of this problem. This article focuses on aspects of intellectual property protection in the sphere of military-industrial complex.

scholarly journals Arms trade as a global international problem

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaklina Spalevic ◽  
Zeljko Bjelajac ◽  
Dusko Dimitrijevic
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
International Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Arms Trade ◽  
The World ◽  
The Military

The aim of this paper is to highlight the great social danger resulting from uncontrolled trade in arms and military equipment. A large number of terrorist attacks in the world show that uncontrolled arms trade is a growing problem for international security. In order to provide the same protection, the problem of uncontrolled arms and military equipment, which is the major international business, should be viewed from several aspects. To this end, after defining weapons, their production and trade, the authors have presented one of the ways the leading companies in the military-industrial complex provide themselves a market for sale of arms and military equipment, thus creating the conditions that contribute to expanding of their military companies. As the world?s largest exporters of arms and military equipment the United States, Russia and China give a short historical account of their arms trafficking. Then, considering the fact that the amount of weapons would unlikely diminish, the authors have pointed out that states should find a way to control the movement of weapons in the world preventing terrorist to take hold of them.

The Development of Chemical Geology in the Nineteenth Century with Special Reference to the Situation in Britain

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Beryl Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Made In

The overlapping field of interest of geology and chemistry varied in extent and degree throughout the nineteenth century. In the ‘heroic’ days of geology, at the beginning of the century, there was a close relationship, with chemists of note displaying not only an interest but a considerable expertise in geology. Geologists who were interested in crystalline rocks, caught up in the Neptunist/Vulcanist debate, dealt with chemical aspects of their subject as a matter of course. This pattern of work persisted throughout the century on the continent of Europe, but in Britain, for a wide variety of reasons, geologists used chemical data and techniques very little, and petrology in that country suffered accordingly. However, in the second half of the century, as advances were made in the technology used by geology, especially with the polarising microscope, in the education of professional geologists and the dissemination of knowledge from Europe and the Americas, the situation improved, so much so that, by the last two decades of the century British petrology had absorbed chemical geology into its armory of skills and knowledge and was on a par with geology from elsewhere in the world.

scholarly journals IT as Russian “soft Power” in the Middle East

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Ilina
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Computational Mathematics ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Potential

Information technologies (IT) have played a crucial role in the development of human civilization for more than half a century. The USSR was rightfully one of the most developed countries in the world in the field of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics, which is confirmed by several original hardware and software solutions created by Russian scientists. At the same time, progress in the field of information technology has stimulated the development of industry, primarily Military-industrial complex. Russia, having inherited the Soviet scientific potential, must solve an equally important task-to diversify its sector and enter the “civil” market. In this regard, the region of the Middle East seems to be an excellent platform for testing marketing technologies by domestic manufacturers, especially in those countries that cannot purchase American products for political reasons.

scholarly journals TRENDS IN THE DYNAMICS OF THE MILITARY-TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX INDUSTRY IN THE GLOBAL MARKET

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Fursina
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
The Military

The article examines current trends in the development of the global market of military-technical products. The author draws attention to the steady growth dynamics of purchases of military-industrial products in the world. The article describes key global trends in the development of promising innovative developments of dual-use goods. Since the end of the Cold War, global military research and development (R & D) has found itself in a situation of declining demand for its products. During this period, there was a reduction in military spending in the former Soviet Union and in many other countries. The United States of America has become the undisputed leader in the global market of the military-industrial complex (MIC). The author analyzed the dynamics of us spending in the late 1990s and early 2000s and showed in tables the increase in the gap in spending on the US military-industrial complex and the rest of the world. The article says that some of the civilian R & D is funded from private sources, because large companies have sufficient budgets to finance R & D. In general, the differences between civilian and military production lines have decreased – there is a trend of dual use of products. The author emphasizes that due to the increase in the share of civilian R & D, military R & D has undergone major structural changes in most countries. The study tracks changes in customer priorities in the military-industrial sector, the emergence of new, relevant products and services. The article examines the current trend of involving civilian producers in the development of Defense and security policies, cooperation with defense institutions and non-governmental organizations. The dynamism of scientific and technological progress requires monitoring the competitive positions of national producers in the military-industrial complex sector. The article also analyzes promising areas and key future trends in the development of the global military-industrial complex market.

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