Culture and Development Reconsidered

2020 ◽  
pp. 146-166
Author(s):  
Robert Klitgaard
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Culture And Development

This book shows how we can look at the intersections among cultural settings, local choices, and development outcomes. A success story from Nepal serves as a prototype. Data, examples of success, and frameworks for analysis were developed locally and internationally and then shared in ways that elicited local creativity and respected cultural differences. This story serves as a springboard for reconsidering how to generate and apply cultural knowledge. The guiding metaphor might be “soil science” rather than “social science.” The culture and development manifesto calls for more science and more listening, for boldness and humility. It recommends a new paradigm for policy analysis and evaluation, as well as for the application of anthropological wisdom, where the goal is not to provide a set of answers that decision-makers or citizens should adopt and bureaucrats should implement, but to share data, examples, and frameworks in ways that helps locals enrich their creativity and expand their sovereignty.

scholarly journals Institutional-Political Scenarios for Anthropocene Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Hoffman ◽  
P. Devereaux Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Change Mechanisms ◽  
Main Change

Natural scientists have proposed that humankind has entered a new geologic epoch. Termed the “Anthropocene,” this new reality revolves around the central role of human activity in multiple Earth ecosystems. That challenge requires a rethinking of social science explanations of organization and environment relationships. In this article, we discuss the need to politicize institutional theory as a means understanding “Anthropocene Society,” and in turn what that resultant society means for the Anthropocene in the natural environment. We modify the constitutive elements of institutional orders and a set of main change mechanisms to explore three scenarios around which future Anthropocene Societies might be built—Collapsing Systems, Market Rules, and Cultural Re-Enlightenment. Simultaneously, we use observations from the Anthropocene to expose limitations in present institutional theory and propose extensions to remedy them. Overall, this article challenges organizational scholars to consider a new paradigm under which research in environmental sustainability and social sustainability takes place.

scholarly journals KIAT-KIAT PEMBERDAYAAN PERPUSTAKAAN SEKOLAH

Edulib ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Euis Rosinar
Keyword(s):  
School Library ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Library Design ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Standing Structure ◽  
Academic Area ◽  
Made In

AbstractA combination of experts’ idea-generating, dignitaries in librarianship, and decision makers’ concerns at the level of Government should have been made capable of realizing libraries as the facilitator of teaching-learnig process with promising outcomes. Bright learners by way of efforts made in terms of an ever enhanced curriculum should have been developing to sophisticated personalities and geared towards humans with qualities. What has gone in practice proves to be swerving to some extent in that some sort of comprehensive model of running library services is due needed: a standing structure built in the middle of the scholl; collections including books, non-books, digital; and truly Librarian (i.e. main manager of the intellectual asset). Any most interesting activities possible need to be created to make library an area of “play” being the goal of a means to accelerating a reading habit especially among children in their early age. The librarian’s new paradigm should manage to penetrate the academic area of teachers in order that their collaboration with the teaching staff gives the chance to the library’s functioning in an optimal way.Keywords: School library, school library design, school library activities ABSTRAKPerpaduan rancang-gagas pakar, dignitary kepustakawanan, dan decision makers pada tataran Pemerintah seharusnya telah mewujudkan perpustakaan sebagai fasilitas proses belajar-mengajar yang mumpuni. Pembelajar yang dicerdaskan oleh upaya pencanggihan kurikulum sekolah seyogianya bertumbuh menjadi pribadi yang unggul dan berkembang ke arah insan yang berkualitas. Kenyataan di lapangan saat ini memerlukan suatu model menyeluruh penyelenggaraan perpustakaan: gedung yang berdiri tegap ditengah-tengah sekolah; koleksi buku, non-buku, digital; dan Pustakawan (baca: pengelola utama aset intelektual) seutuhnya. Kegiatan-kegiatan menarik harus dikreasikan untuk menjadikan perpustakaan sebagai area “bermain” yang dimaksudkan sebagai ajang penumbuhan minat baca terutama pembelajar usia dini. Paradigma baru Pustakawan selayaknya merambah ke wilayah akademik pengajar agar kolaborasinya kelak berimbas pada berfungsinya perpustakaan secara optimal.Kata kunci: Perpustakaan sekolah, tata ruang perpustakaan sekolah, kegiatan perpustakaan sekolah

scholarly journals COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.107

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Millington ◽  
Samantha Reddin
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Evidence Summary ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
And Control

This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Infection Prevention and Control; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Social Science; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Guidelines, Statements & Tools; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events

Policy Analysis in Ireland

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Organizational Processes ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Policy Ideas ◽  
The Government

This volume constitutes the Irish element in the ever-expanding International Library of Policy Analysis series, edited by Michael Howlett and Iris Geva-May and published by Policy Press. It provides unique insights into the state of policy analysis in Ireland. It draws together contributions from some of the leading policy analysis experts, both academics and practitioners, to provide a multidimensional set of perspectives on how policy analysis has developed to its current state, a century after the country gained independence. The chapters examine the range of institutions and actors involved in policy analysis from across the government, the private sector and broader civil society. The intention is not to critique specific policy outcomes or policy developments, rather the chapters focus on the organizational processes, institutions and locations that contribute to the construction and supply of policy ideas as well as methods of policy analysis and evaluation. The chapters examine the policy capabilities of the institutions wherein policy development and evaluation are conducted. Our aim is to ensure that this volume constitutes a window into the research frontier of Irish policy analysis.

Measuring Cost-Effectiveness in Terms of Happiness

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-210
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Clark ◽  
Sarah Flèche ◽  
Richard Layard ◽  
Nattavudh Powdthavee ◽  
George Ward
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Impact

This chapter demonstrates that policy analysis should be based on happiness as the measure of benefit (except where traditional methods actually work). It argues that this should be generally applied throughout the public services and by nongovernment organizations (NGOs). The chapter offers four key proposals. The first is that the goal of governments should be to increase the happiness of the people and, especially, to reduce misery. Where willingness to pay is not a feasible measure of benefit, governments should develop new methods of policy analysis based on point-years of happiness as the measure of benefit. All policy change should be evaluated through controlled experiments in which the impact on happiness is routinely measured. A major objective of social science (and of its funders) should be to throw light on the causes of happiness, and how it can be enhanced—and at what cost.

Public Policy Making and Public Policy Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee S. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Public Policy Analysis ◽  
Professional Class ◽  
The Many

This chapter reviews the development and growth of the policy-analytic profession. Historically, government decision makers have often called upon those with expertise to assist them in reaching their decisions. This chapter, however, concerns a new professional class of advisors that began developing during the 1950s in the United States. This new profession assists policy makers in understanding better their alternatives and relevant considerations for choosing among them. From here, the chapter offers some perspective on the research to date that has attempted to assess the effects of the profession—a perspective that emphasizes some important differences across the many types of governmental settings that utilize policy analysis, and the methodological difficulties that assessment efforts confront.

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