Skeptics without Borders

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Raul P. Lejano ◽  
Shondel J. Nero ◽  
Michael Chua
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Climate Skepticism ◽  
Climate Change Science ◽  
Historical Examination

Chapter 4 employs a comparative lens to show how the climate skeptical norm transformed to fit the social-economic conditions, cultures, and institutional settings of each context as it diffused from place to place. It highlights how in the United Kingdom people may dispute climate change science while remaining open to the possibility that mean global temperatures are rising, while elsewhere climate skepticism seems to merge with a broader sentiment of mistrust. Using narrative analysis, this chapter underscores the point that climate skeptical narratives are not homogeneous. The focus is not a historical examination of the narrative but a cross-sectional, or synchronic, one—commonalities and contrasts among climate skeptical narratives as popularly espoused in different countries occurring simultaneously. The chapter examines how differences in climate skeptical narratives from country to country can provide insights into how and why climate skepticism has resonated among the public in each place.

scholarly journals Targeting the Unwanted: Video Surveillance and Categorical Exclusion in Oslo, Norway

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Mork Lomell
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The City

The rise of video surveillance in the United Kingdom, in the form of the public installation of closed circuit television (CCTV), has been seen by several scholars as a contributing factor to the increasing exclusion of unwanted categories of people from city centers, a development often referred to as the 'commercialization' or 'purification' of the city. Drawing from field observations over three years in control rooms in Oslo, Norway, this article discusses whether CCTV systems in Oslo contribute to a similar process of exclusion. To do so, I compare the open street video surveillance system with two other CCTV systems - a shopping mall and a major transport center. The introduction of open street CCTV in Oslo in 1999 did not create social exclusion, but recent developments show the possibility remains. Although drug addicts and young people were the primary targets of surveillance in all three sites studied, ejections varied considerably from site to site. The shopping mall system had a higher ejection rate than the open street system, and was therefore the system with the clearest exclusionary effects. Reasons for the different ejection rates are discussed, in particular the social structure of the site under surveillance and the organizational relationships of CCTV operators to the policing agents connected to the surveillance system.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of forgone care among adult Israeli Jews: A survey conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260399
Author(s):  
Perla Werner ◽  
Aviad Tur-Sinai
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Efforts to control the spread of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic include drastic measures such as isolation, social distancing, and lockdown. These restrictions are accompanied by serious adverse consequences such as forgoing of healthcare. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of forgone care for a variety of healthcare services during a two-month COVID-19 lockdown, using Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization. A cross-sectional study using computerized phone interviews was conducted with 302 Israeli Jewish participants aged 40 and above. Almost half of the participants (49%) reported a delay in seeking help for at least one needed healthcare service during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Among the predisposing factors, we found that participants aged 60+, being more religious, and reporting higher levels of COVID-19 fear were more likely to report forgone care than younger, less religious and less concerned participants. Among need factors, a statistically significant association was found with a reported diagnosis of diabetes, with participants with the disease having a considerably higher likelihood of forgone care. The findings stress the importance of developing interventions aimed at mitigating the phenomenon of forgoing care while creating nonconventional ways of consuming healthcare services. In the short term, healthcare services need to adapt to the social distancing and isolation measures required to stanch the epidemic. In the long term, policymakers should consider alternative ways of delivering healthcare services to the public regularly and during crisis without losing sight of their budgetary consequences. They must recognize the possibility of having to align medical staff to the changing demand for healthcare services under conditions of health uncertainty.

scholarly journals REVIEW: Noted: Building bridges for climate change science

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Philip Cass
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Science Writing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Climate Change Science

Science Writing and Climate Change, by Crispin C.Maslog, David Robie and Joel Adriano. Manila, Philippines: Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication, 2019. 106 pages. ISBN 9789718502198 DESPITE the omnipresent threat of climate change, journalists still face an uphill battle communicating accurate and timely information to the public and governments, many of whom, sadly, still need to be convinced that the looming catastrophe is real. This book is aimed not just at print journalists and editors, but also teachers educating their students to write about science, trainers and broadcast and online writers.

scholarly journals The profile of Dentistry students at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul and expectations regarding the profession, 2010-2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
Fernando Stumpf BÖCKMANN ◽  
Bruna Barnard MOTTA ◽  
Jerônymo Maciel CAMARGO ◽  
Paulo Cauhy PETRY ◽  
Ramona Fernanda Ceriotti TOASSI
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Graduate Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Peace Of Mind ◽  
The Social ◽  
Response Rate Data

OBJECTIVE: We analyze the socio-demographic profile of the dentistry graduates at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010-2011, the reasons which led them to choose Dentistry, appreciation for the course, as well as job prospects and Graduate studies. METHODS: Cross-sectional, observational study Dentistry graduates, classes of 2010-2/ 2011-1 (n=76, 90.5% response rate). Data collection took place through the giving of a structured and anonymous pre-tested questionnaire. Results were grouped in tables and graphs by means of the distribution of the frequency of variables studied (descriptive analysis), with the assistance of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows 17.0. This Study was approved by the Committee on Ethics in Research of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (18249). RESULTS: The classes of 2010-2/ 2011-1 Dentistry Graduates of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, were, in their majority, women, young, single, childless, natives of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, with a monthly salary income of 10 to 20 minimum salaries and without the presence of dentists in the family. More than 90% of these students were satisfied with the choice of Dentistry. They opted for the course especially due to personal as well as professional success, followed by security and peace of mind and financial comfort. The great part of the students evaluated the course as good or excellent. They intend, as a majority, to work in the public service as well as private practice and graduate work, particularly, specialization. CONCLUSION: Results identified the profile of the classes of 2010-2/ 2011-1 Dentistry graduate of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, classes of 2010-2/2011-1. It has been recommended that there be a permanent follow up of the graduates as an important instrument for monitoring the students as well as the development of the current integrated curriculum.

Determinants and Measurement of Climate Change Risk Perception, Worry, and Concern

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Climate Change Risk ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors

Individuals, both within and between different countries, vary substantially in the extent to which they view climate change as a risk. What could explain such variation in climate change risk perception around the world? Climate change is relatively unique as a risk in the sense that it is difficult for people to experience directly or even detect on a purely perceptual or sensory level. In fact, research across the social and behavioral sciences has shown that although people might correctly perceive some changes in long-term climate conditions, psychological factors are often much more influential in determining how the public perceives the risk of climate change. Indeed, decades of research has shown that cognitive, affective, social, and cultural factors all greatly influence the public’s perception of risk, and that these factors, in turn, often interact with each other in complex ways. Yet, although a wide variety of cognitive, experiential, socio-cultural and demographic characteristics have all proven to be relevant, are there certain factors that systematically stand out in explaining and predicting climate change risk perception around the world? And even if so, what do we mean, exactly, by the term “risk perception” and to what extent does the way in which risk perception is measured influence the outcome? Last but certainly not least, how important is public concern about climate change in determining people’s level of behavioral engagement and policy-support for the issue?

Social Media and Beliefs about Climate Change: A Cross-National Analysis of News Use, Political Ideology, and Trust in Science

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Diehl ◽  
Brigitte Huber ◽  
Homero Gil de Zúñiga ◽  
James Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Emerging Media ◽  
Climate Skepticism ◽  
The Individual ◽  
National Analysis

Abstract This study explores the individual- and country-level factors that influence how getting news from social media relates to people’s beliefs about anthropogenic climate change. Concepts of psychological distance and motivated reasoning are tested using multilevel analysis with survey data in 20 countries (N = 18,785). Results suggest that using social media for news is associated with a decrease in climate skepticism across the sample. However, social context at the individual-level (conservative political ideology and low trust in science) and at the macro-level (high gross domestic product and individualism) moderate the effect, and therefore reduce social media’s potential to inform the public about climate change. This study contributes to conversations about the ability of emerging media to address science issues, particularly in developing countries.

scholarly journals Scientific truth or debate: On the link between perceived scientific consensus and belief in anthropogenic climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 778-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Bertoldo ◽  
Claire Mays ◽  
Gisela Böhm ◽  
Wouter Poortinga ◽  
Marc Poumadère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Consensus ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Scientific Truth ◽  
The Relationship

Scientists overwhelmingly agree that climate change exists and is caused by human activity. It has been argued that communicating the consensus can counter climate scepticism, given that perceived scientific consensus is a major factor predicting public belief that climate change is anthropogenic. However, individuals may hold different models of science, potentially affecting their interpretation of scientific consensus. Using representative surveys in the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Norway, we assessed whether the relationship between perceived scientific consensus and belief in anthropogenic climate change is conditioned by a person’s viewing science as ‘the search for truth’ or as ‘debate’. Results show that perceived scientific consensus is higher among climate change believers and moreover, significantly predicts belief in anthropogenic climate change. This relationship is stronger among people holding a model of science as the ‘search for truth’. These results help to disentangle the effect of implicit epistemological assumptions underlying the public understanding of the climate change debate.

scholarly journals Social aspects of dementia and dementia practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1579-1581
Author(s):  
Irja Haapala ◽  
Simon Biggs ◽  
Susan Kurrle
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Informal Carers

Social aspects of dementia are becoming increasingly important as part of a wider shift in emphasis from cure to care. This is partly because approaches based on finding a cure have proved far more difficult and complex than originally imagined (WHO, 2016). New evidence on the effectiveness of public health measures, that while incidence is growing as the proportion of older people in society increases its prevalence amongst older adults is actually falling, has also lead to increased interest in social dimensions of prevention, lifestyle change, and practical intervention in community settings (Prince et al., 2016; Kivipelto et al., 2017). This, in turn, has led to a rediscovery of the role of supports to people living with dementia in their daily lives, the needs of informal carers, and professional activities that can maintain the social engagement of each party (Winblad et al., 2016). The expansion of practice around person-centered care, beyond traditional institutional settings, has also contributed to a socialized view of how interactions in dementia care are thought about (Bartlett et al., 2017), as has an increased awareness of the effects of the social construction of dementia in the public mind (Biggs, 2018). Most recently, people living with dementia, and particularly with respect to younger onset dementia, have begun to find a voice and to make connections to the wider disability movement (Dementia Alliance International, 2017). Each of these developments, in their different ways, have led to a re-emphasis on psycho-social elements of dementia, its experience, and how that might translate into clinical practice and service delivery.

scholarly journals Social network analysis of climate change discussion on Twitter during COP21

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany E. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
The Public ◽  
Climate Change Information ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Twitter Users

The public is increasingly relying on Twitter for climate change information; however, to date, this social media platform is poorly understood in terms of how climate change information is shared. This study evaluates discussions on Twitter during the 2015 United Nations Conference on Climate Change (COP21) to elucidate the social media platform’s role in communicating climate change information. For a five-day period, links embedded in a sample of tweets containing “#climatechange” were characterized, Twitter users were classified by the types of links they typically shared, and their degree centralities (the number of connections for each user) were measured. There was little skeptical content across all user categories; however, news links were more likely than non-news to contain content that is skeptical of climate change. Users who typically shared skeptical news links and users who typically shared non-skeptical non-news links exhibited a relatively high number of connections with other users.

scholarly journals As ciências sociais e as mudanças climáticas

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Rogério Veltrone
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Sociology Of Science ◽  
Environmental Sociology ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
De Se ◽  
Change Climate

ResumoA proposta do artigo é mostrar o quão importante são as ciências sociais para a compreensão das mudanças climáticas. Trata-se de um tema inegavelmente hibrido, onde os aspectos sociais da questão são tão importantes quanto as analises dos cientistas do clima. Estas análises são realizadas com o objetivo de se elaborarem ações de mitigação, que devem contar, de alguma forma, com a participação do publico. Este, no entanto, tem mais facilidade para acessar os argumentos dos chamados céticos, que são, em sua maioria, divulgadores científicos, e não cientistas. Explorando estas controvérsias, mostraremos então a relevância de algumas teorias de autores consagrados: Beck, Latour, Giddens e Hanningan.Palavras-chave: 1-Mudança Climática; 2-Sociologia da Ciência; 3-Sociologia Ambiental. AbstractThe purpose of the article is to show how important social sciences are to understanding climate change. This is an undeniably hybrid theme, where the social aspects of the issue are as important as the analyses by the climate scientists. These analyses are performed in order to develop mitigation actions, which should depend, in some way, on the participation of the public. However, it is easier to access the arguments of so-called skeptics, who are mostly science communicators, and not scientists. Exploring these controversies, we then show the relevance of some theories by renowned authors: Beck, Latour, Giddens and Hanningan.Keywords: 1-Change Climate; 2-Sociology of Science; 3-Environmental Sociology. ResumenEl propósito de este artículo es mostrar la importancia de las ciencias sociales para la comprensión de los cambios climáticos. Se trata de un tema híbrido, donde los aspectos sociales son tan importantes como los análisis de los científicos del clima. Dichos análisis se realizan con el fin de desarrollar medidas de mitigación, las cuales deben contar con la participación del público. Sin embargo, es más fácil acceder a los argumentos de los llamados escépticos que, en su mayoría, son más comunicadores de la ciencia que científicos. Luego de estudiar estas controversias, mostraremos la relevancia de algunas teorías de autores de renombre: Beck, Latour, Giddens y Hanningan.Palabras Clave: 1-Cambio Climático; 2-Sociología De La Ciencia; 3-Sociología Ambiental.

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