Structure, Engagement, and Evolution

2021 ◽  
pp. 305-324
Author(s):  
James E. Cutting
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Emotional Commitment ◽  
Narrative Engagement ◽  
Variation And Selection ◽  
Random Variation

This chapter provides a structural description of movie units, defends the notion that movies have evolved in the direction of fitting better our capacities and preferences, and summarizes evidence that the evolved changes have encouraged narrative engagement by viewers. Arguments against any true evolution of cinema concern reproduction, genes, random variation and selection, fashion, progression, speciation, and directionality, and these are discussed and all but the means of reproduction countered. The chapter then summarizes results of the previous chapters about how narrative engagement is attained through sustained attentional focus, understanding the narrative, emotional commitment, and a feeling of presence. It also warns the reader that increased engagement does not mean better movies. Engagement is driven by the narration; the quality of the movie is surely driven by the narrative.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Quality of Mindfulness-Based School Interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lynd Phan ◽  
Tyler L Renshaw ◽  
Julie Caramanico ◽  
Jeffrey M. Greeson ◽  
Elizabeth MacKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
School Interventions ◽  
Youth Outcomes

We reviewed the effects of mindfulness-based school interventions (MBSIs) on youth outcomes. We evaluated seventy-three studies with a total sample a total of 11,906 students across five continents, assessing the quality of each study through a robust coding system for evidence-based guidelines. Coders rated studies as 1++ (systematic review) to 4 (expert opinion) for level of evidence. Outcomes were assigned a corresponding evidence quality letter grade, from strongest (A) to weakest (D) evidence. Outcomes fell into 11 categories: wellbeing, self-compassion, social functioning, mental health, self-regulation and emotionality, mindful awareness, attentional focus, psychological and physiological stress, problem behaviors, academic performance, and acceptability. Strongest evidence showed increased resilience and reduced anxiety. There was comparable improvement in depression and wellbeing across youth relative to control groups. We urge researchers interested in MBSIs to study their effectiveness using more rigorous designs to minimize bias and promote higher quality evidence to guide school-based practice.

Analytical Methods for the Synthesis of Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Irina Garkina ◽  
Alexander Danilov
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Criterion Space ◽  
New Material ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas ◽  
Technology Identification

The evolution of ideas about materials is analyzed: the initial accumulation of data, experience and skills in the production of new material (the emergence of new technology); identification of patterns of influence of various factors on the properties of the material with the involvement of fundamental sciences (the formation of a new technology); obtaining building material with a given level of quality (development of an effective technology ); identification of the technological process and the construction of an adequate model of “recipe-technological factors - structure - quality of the material”. In models of structural material science, the existence of certain hierarchical structures of objects considered as systems is assumed; model selection is determined by the objectives of the structural description of the object at each scale level. The shift of paradigms based on the basic models of a continuous self-developing environment to the side of paradigms based on models of a structured self-developing environment based on the ideas and methods of a systematic approach and synergetics is indicated. The approaches to the fundamentalization of the synthesis of materials based on their own experience in designing materials for special purposes are presented: the presentation of the material in the form of a complex system (at first - poorly structured with conflicting goals and criteria); quality assessment of composite materials; formalization of kinetic processes; material quality management; minimization of dimension of criterion space; multi-criteria optimization.

scholarly journals Modeling of Effective Management of а Trade Enterprise’s Logistic Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (522) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
G. T. Piatnytska ◽  
◽  
M. B. Shevchun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Enterprise Management System

The article is aimed at building a simulation model of effective management of logistic processes of the trade enterprise. Analyzing, systematizing and generalizing the research data of both foreign and domestic scholars, a comparative critical and morphological analysis of the existing definitions of «effectiveness» was carried out and an authors' vision of the essence of the concept of «quality management of logistic processes» of the trade enterprise was presented. The application of methods of simulation modeling and graphic-structural description allowed to develop scientific approaches to modeling the effective management of logistic processes at trade enterprises. As a result of the research, a simulation model is developed to ensure the effective management of logistic processes of the trade enterprise, which, unlike existing ones, is focused on improving the quality of logistic processes, provided that logistic costs are optimized. The structural scheme of the automated quality management system of logistic processes of the trade enterprise is built. It is emphasized that in the process of managing logistic processes, managers of a trade enterprise may face the problem of allocating logistical costs, which requires their accounting and detailing. Prospects for further research in this direction can be such developments as: methodological recommendations for accounting logistical costs at enterprises of trade of various sizes; scientific approaches to the creation of special software in order to digitalize the enterprise management system of trade. The results of the research can also be used to improve and further develop both the current and strategic control over the management of logistic processes in enterprises.

Embodiment of Narrative Engagement

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freya Sukalla ◽  
Helena Bilandzic ◽  
Paul D. Bolls ◽  
Rick W. Busselle
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Narrative Persuasion ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Narrative Engagement

Abstract. This study investigated the validity of the narrative engagement scale ( Busselle & Bilandzic, 2009 ) by grounding the dimensions of the scale in relationships between self-reported narrative engagement and embodied mental processes occurring during exposure. Psychophysiological measures were used to observe real-time variation in mental processes activated when individuals viewed narrative content that was manipulated in two fundamental content characteristics: cohesion and emotional content. The results of a 2 (low vs. high cohesion) × 2 (low vs. high emotional content) × 3 (video clips) mixed model repeated measures experiment showed consistent influences of cohesion and emotional content on self-reported narrative engagement as well as psychophysiological indicators (heart rate, skin conductance, corrugator activity). Confirming the hypotheses, self-reported attentional focus was related to lower levels of heart rate, while self-reported emotional engagement was positively related to corrugator activity. Both attentional focus and emotional engagement were related to increases of skin conductance levels over time. The results support the validity of the dimensional concept of narrative engagement and open further avenues for clarifying mechanisms of narrative persuasion.

Changes in quality of life from a homelessness intervention: true change, response shift, or random variation

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1853-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Antonio Powell ◽  
Carol E. Adair ◽  
David L. Streiner ◽  
Nancy Mayo ◽  
Eric Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Response Shift ◽  
Change Response ◽  
Random Variation

STRUCTURAL DESCRIPTION OF LINE IMAGES BY THE CROSS SECTION SEQUENCE GRAPH

1993 ◽  
Vol 07 (05) ◽  
pp. 1055-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOSHIHIRO SUZUKI ◽  
SHUNJI MORI
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Line Segment ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Sequence Graph ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, we propose the Cross Section Sequence Graph which describes line images in a simple and well structured form. It is composed of regular regions called cross section sequences and singular regions. A cross section sequence is a sequence of cross sections, each of which is constructed as a pair of boundary points almost perpendicular to the direction of the line. The sequence corresponds to a straight or curved line segment. The remaining regions are extracted as singular regions, each of which corresponds to an end point region, corner, branch, cross, and so on. The cross section sequence graph is useful for many kinds of feature extraction, especially for skeletonization since a singular region can be analyzed from adjacent regular regions. Experimental results show that the skeleton extracted from the cross section sequence graph is better than that of a pixel-wise skeletonization (thinning) in terms of both processing speed and the quality of the skeleton.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Quality of Mindfulness-Based School Interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lynd Phan ◽  
Tyler L Renshaw ◽  
Julie Caramanico ◽  
Jeffrey M. Greeson ◽  
Elizabeth MacKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
School Interventions ◽  
Youth Outcomes

We reviewed the effects of mindfulness-based school interventions (MBSIs) on youth outcomes. We evaluated seventy-three studies with a total sample a total of 11,906 students across five continents, assessing the quality of each study through a robust coding system for evidence-based guidelines. Coders rated studies as 1++ (systematic review) to 4 (expert opinion) for level of evidence. Outcomes were assigned a corresponding evidence quality letter grade, from strongest (A) to weakest (D) evidence. Outcomes fell into 11 categories: wellbeing, self-compassion, social functioning, mental health, self-regulation and emotionality, mindful awareness, attentional focus, psychological and physiological stress, problem behaviors, academic performance, and acceptability. Strongest evidence showed increased resilience and reduced anxiety. There was comparable improvement in depression and wellbeing across youth relative to control groups.We urge researchers interested in MBSIs to study their effectiveness using more rigorous designs to minimize bias and promote higher quality evidence to guide school-based practice.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Lithography below 100 nm

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
L. D. Jackel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Positive Resist ◽  
Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

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