Freedom and the Origins of Reasons

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Webber
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
Reasons For Action ◽  
Initial Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Radical Freedom ◽  
Do So

This chapter clarifies the core descriptive claim of existentialism that the reasons for action encountered in experience depend on the values at the heart of the agent’s projects. It argues that Merleau-Ponty’s critique of Sartre’s initial form of existentialism fails because it mistakes this for a claim about the meanings encountered in experience. Sartre’s initial form of existentialism agrees with Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology that experienced meanings are determined by the agent’s physical capabilities and social situation. Sartre adds that the world is experienced as a field of reasons that encourage and discourage specific courses of action and that these reasons reflect the agent’s projects. Sartre’s theory of radical freedom is that projects have no inertia of their own, so one can revise or replace a project without needing any reason to do so or meeting any resistance from that project.

scholarly journals Changes in Self-Image Resulting from Migration

2019 ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
Olga Zotova ◽  
Elena Perelygina ◽  
Sergey Mostikov
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
The Core ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Personality Construct

The perception of one’s own identity is one of the basic moments of a personality construct as they relate to how people act; perceive the world around and with what social they identify themselves. While immersed in an alien culture these perceptions transform. The authors aimed to examine differences in selfimages of the Russian-speaking emigrants before and after emigration. Our hypothesis implies significant differences in self-image upon immersing in another cultural environment. The objective we set resides in identifying aspects of selfimage exposed to transformations and the degree of these changes. For data accumulating before and after the process of international migration with a period of 14 months, we exploited M. Kuhn and T. McPartland’s test “Who am I?” The data demonstrated statistically significant differences in the respondents’ self –image in the course of adaptation. The results allow us to conclude that with a changing social situation self-perception also most alternations exhibit those aspects of selfimage through which the respondents interacted with a host-country population. We believe that self-image presents a hierarchically organized, complex, and dynamic structure with the core and the periphery. The components of self-image can rebuild itself in response to a situation of social interaction.

scholarly journals CRIMES IN THE TIME OF COVID‎

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (08) ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Faiza DJADI
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Security Services ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Legislative Measures

The spread of the Corona epidemic around the world has resulted in a deterioration in the economic and social situation and the imposition of restrictions on citizens, such as wandering and domestic isolation, as this epidemic has not only changed how people live, but also how crime occurs. Where it showed the spread of a new type of crime represented in domestic violence and fraud via the Internet, and a new type of theft appeared in the form of face masks, medical equipment and oxygen, which became more attractive targets for theft, and in this context the importance of the intervention of the penal legislator appears in the difficult moments that citizens are going through as a result of This is a dangerous epidemic to bring the concept of public order into the core of its primary concerns through criminalization and punishment. And when the World Health Organization announced the transformation of the Corona virus into a pandemic, the features of the criminal phenomenon changed on several levels, as traditional criminal activities became almost non-existent and new criminal activities appeared, especially at the level of electronic crimes, so the state quickly changed its legal arsenal by taking new legislative measures and approaches by reducing this phenomenon and knowing the most important causes and factors causing it, such as the increasing demand for resorting to e-commerce markets and the intense resort to digital handling of money and financial and banking balances, which contributed to the spread of fraud and fraud, in addition to the spread of anxiety, fear and isolation among people, which led to easy Their exploitation and exposure to fraud and fraud, all these factors led to the difficulties faced by the security services, forcing them to re-equip themselves to face a new security policy in order to reduce crime‎‎. Keywords: Coronavirus, Crime, Theft, Health Law, Penal Code.

Jalan Kesempurnaan Menurut Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil di Cijati Desa Cikareo Selatan Sumedang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Syarifudin Syarifudin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Sect ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Each religious sect has its own characteristics, whether fundamental, radical, or religious. One of them is Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, which is in Cijati, South Cikareo Village, Wado District, Sumedang Regency. This congregation is Sufism with the concept of self-purification as the subject of its teachings. So, the purpose of this study is to reveal how the origin of Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, the concept of its purification, and the procedures of achieving its purification. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a normative theological approach as the blade of analysis. In addition, the data generated is the result of observation, interviews, and document studies. From the collected data, Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil adheres to the core teachings of Islam and is the tenth regeneration of Islam Teachings, which refers to the Prophet Muhammad SAW. According to this congregation, self-perfection becomes an obligation that must be achieved by human beings in order to remember Allah when life is done. The process of self-purification is done when human beings still live in the world by knowing His God. Therefore, the peak of self-purification is called Insan Kamil. 

STUDI ANALISIS DAMPAK PADEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP EKSISTENSI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI INDONESIA

Edupedia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Ilzam Dhaifi
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Virtual Classroom ◽  
Education Services ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
The Core ◽  
Equal Education ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

The world has been surprised by the emergence of a COVID 19 pandemic, was born in China, and widespread to various countries in the world. In Indonesia, the government issued several policies to break the COVID 19 pandemic chain, which also triggered some pro-cons in the midst of society. One of the policies government takes is the closure of learning access directly at school and moving the learning process from physical class to a virtual classroom or known as online learning. In the economic sector also affects the parents’ financial ability to provide sufficient funds to support the implementation of distance learning applied by the government. The implications of the distance education policy are of course the quality of learning, including the subjects of Islamic religious education, which is essentially aimed at planting knowledge, skills, and religious consciousness to form the character of the students. Online education must certainly be precise, in order to provide equal education services to all students, prepare teachers to master the technology, and seek the core learning of Islamic religious education can still be done well.

Ups and Downs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Livermore
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Convection ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

Despite the dumbing-down of education in recent years, it would be unusual to find a ten-year-old who could not name the major continents on a map of the world. Yet how many adults have the faintest idea of the structures that exist within the Earth? Understandably, knowledge is limited by the fact that the Earth’s interior is less accessible than the surface of Pluto, mapped in 2016 by the NASA New Horizons spacecraft. Indeed, Pluto, 7.5 billion kilometres from Earth, was discovered six years earlier than the similar-sized inner core of our planet. Fortunately, modern seismic techniques enable us to image the mantle right down to the core, while laboratory experiments simulating the pressures and temperatures at great depth, combined with computer modelling of mantle convection, help identify its mineral and chemical composition. The results are providing the most rapid advances in our understanding of how this planet works since the great revolution of the 1960s.

The Challenge of Sustaining Peace

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necla Tschirgi ◽  
Cedric de Coning
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Entire Spectrum ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Instrument ◽  
International Peacebuilding ◽  
Do So

While demand for international peacebuilding assistance increases around the world, the UN’s Peacebuilding Architecture (PBA) remains a relatively weak player, for many reasons: its original design, uneasy relations between the Peacebuilding Commission and Security Council, turf battles within the UN system, and how UN peacebuilding is funded. This chapter examines the PBA’s operations since 2005, against the evolution of the peacebuilding field, and discusses how the PBA can be a more effective instrument in the UN’s new “sustaining peace” approach. To do so, it would have to become the intergovernmental anchor for that approach, without undermining the intent that “sustaining peace” be a system-wide responsibility, encompassing the entire spectrum of UN activities in peace, security, development, and human rights.

Jude the Obscure

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
Jude The Obscure ◽  
Do So

Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery, and life unto the bitter in soul?' Jude Fawley, poor and working-class, longs to study at the University of Christminster, but he is rebuffed, and trapped in a loveless marriage. He falls in love with his unconventional cousin Sue Bridehead, and their refusal to marry when free to do so confirms their rejection of and by the world around them. The shocking fate that overtakes them is an indictment of a rigid and uncaring society. Hardy's last and most controversial novel, Jude the Obscure caused outrage when it was published in 1895. This is the first truly critical edition, taking account of the changes that Hardy made over twenty-five years. It includes a new chronology and bibliography and substantially revised notes.

Societal Drivers of Food and Water Systems 1

2018 ◽  
pp. 284-301
Author(s):  
Michael Thompson ◽  
M. Bruce Beck ◽  
Dipak Gyawali
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Material Flows ◽  
The Core ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Plural Rationality

Food chains interact with the vast, complex, and tangled webs of material flows —nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, water, energy—circling the globe. Cities and households are where those material flows interact with the greatest intensity. At every point within these webs and chains, technologies enable them to function: from bullock-drawn ploughs, to mobile phones, to container ships, to wastewater treatment plants. Drawing on the theory of plural rationality, we show how the production and consumption of food and water in households and societies can be understood as occurring according to four institutionally induced styles: four basic ways of understanding the world and acting within it; four ways of living with one another and with nature. That there are four is due to the theory of plural rationality at the core of this chapter.

scholarly journals Populism, Twitter, and COVID-19: Narrative, Fantasies, and Desires

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Laura Cervi ◽  
Fernando García ◽  
Carles Marín Lladó
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
The Core ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
Working People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Do So

During a global pandemic, the great impact of populist discourse on the construction of social reality is undeniable. This study analyzes the fantasmatic dimension of political discourse from Donald Trump’s and Jair Bolsonaro’s Twitter accounts between 1 March and 31 May. To do so, it applies a Clause-Based Semantic Text Analysis (CBSTA) methodology that categorizes speech in Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) triplets. The study findings show that in spite of the Coronavirus pandemic, the main beatific and horrific subjects remain the core populist signifiers: the people and the elite. While Bolsonaro’s narrative was predominantly beatific, centered on the government, Trump’s was mostly horrific, centered on the elite. Trump signified the pandemic as a subject and an enemy to be defeated, whereas Bolsonaro portrayed it as a circumstance. Finally, both leaders defined the people as working people, therefore their concerns about the pandemic were focused on the people’s ability to work.

scholarly journals The Core of the Global Corporate Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Giglio ◽  
Thomas Lux
Keyword(s):  
Network Topology ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Core ◽  
Comprehensive Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporate Network ◽  
Board Membership ◽  
National Networks ◽  
Wide Population

AbstractWe investigate the network topology of a comprehensive data set of the world-wide population of corporate entities. In particular, we have extracted information on the boards of all companies listed in Bloomberg’s archive of company profiles in October, 2015, a total of almost 100,000 firms. We provide information on board membership overlaps at various levels, and, in particular, show that there exists a core of directors who accumulate a large number of seats and are highly connected among themselves both at the level of national networks and at the worldwide aggregated level.

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