scholarly journals The Copenhagen Metropolitan ‘Finger Plan’

2019 ◽  
pp. 218-243
Author(s):  
Eva Sørensen ◽  
Jacob Torfing
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
City Centre ◽  
The Political ◽  
Private Citizens ◽  
Adaptive Development ◽  
Post War ◽  
The City

The metropolitan region of Copenhagen in Denmark has successfully avoided urban sprawl through a comprehensive public plan initiated more than seventy years ago. Given the well-known challenges to urban planning, it is surprising how successful this so-called Finger Plan has been in governing the process of expansion and development to satisfy both public planners and private citizens. Formulated in the optimistic post-war years, 1945–7, when the pressure on land use outside the city centre was still limited, the plan was initiated by the private Urban Planning Lab. In today’s terminology, this was a bottom-up grassroots initiative which maintained support from local, regional, and national decision-makers. Higher than expected growth in population, economy, and transportation infrastructure has been achieved through robust adaptation. Now considered by many to be one of the greatest Danish planning achievements in history, it was included in 2006 on the national list of celebrated cultural icons. The chapter analyses the conditions for and adaptive development of the Finger Plan. The analysis of the factors driving the successful formulation and implementation of the Finger Plan pays attention to the question of timing, the professional process management, the political coalition building, the strength of metaphors, and the ability to adapt to changing conditions.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aled Davies
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Financial Centre ◽  
Conservative Government ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post War ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This book is a study of the political economy of Britain’s chief financial centre, the City of London, in the two decades prior to the election of Margaret Thatcher’s first Conservative government in 1979. The primary purpose of the book is to evaluate the relationship between the financial sector based in the City, and the economic strategy of social democracy in post-war Britain. In particular, it focuses on how the financial system related to the social democratic pursuit of national industrial development and modernization, and on how the norms of social democratic economic policy were challenged by a variety of fundamental changes to the City that took place during the period....

scholarly journals Planejamento, estratégia local e complexidade: uma reinterpretação do legado do Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy (Santo André)

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Jeroen Klink
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
The Political ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Neoliberal Globalization ◽  
The Real ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
The City ◽  
Critical Literature

R e s u m o O artigo problematiza a literatura crítica sobre o Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy (Santo André) no sentido de enraizá-la na trajetória específica da cidade de Santo André e de contribuir com a reflexão sobre o significado das “experiências reais” de planejamento estratégico urbano no cenário atual da globalização neoliberal. Argumentamos que a ausência de uma leitura de três dimensões entrelaçadas dificultou uma compreensão adequadado legado deste projeto, isto é: (I) a construção política e contestada da escala local, além de seu significado para a disputa de hegemonia sobre a gestão urbana; (II) o planejamento estratégico,a neoliberalização e a emergência de uma representação hegemônica do espaço urbano a partirdo Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy e (III) planos, projetos estratégicos e a emergência de novos espaços de representação.Palavras-chave Empresariamento urbano; planejamento estratégico; Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy. A b s t r a c t In this paper the critical literature on the Project Eixo Tamanduatehyis highlighted in a problematic perspective, in the sense of embedding it within the specific trajectory of the city of Santo André, and to contribute with a reflection on the significanceof the “real experiences” of strategic urban planning in the present scenario of neoliberal globalization. Our argument is that the absence of an analysis on three interlinked dimensions has made an adequate understanding of the legacy of this project more difficult, that is: (i)the political and contested nature of scale, besides its significance for the hegemonic disputesover urban management; (ii) strategic planning, neoliberalization and the emergence of ahegemonic representation of urban space on the basis of the Project Eixo Tamanduatehy; and (iii) plans, strategic projects and the emergence of new spaces of representation.Keywords Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy; strategic planning; urban entrepreneurialism;.

The Politics of Planning

2012 ◽  
pp. 738-758
Author(s):  
J. Phillip Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Aspect ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Common ◽  
The City

This article examines the political aspect of urban planning. It discusses Robert Beauregard's opinion that planning should not reject modernism entirely or unconditionally embrace postmodernism, and that planners should instead maintain a focus on the city and the built environment as a way of retaining relevancy and coherence, and should maintain modernism's commitment to political reform and to planning's meditative role within the state, labor, and capital. The article suggests that planners should also advocate utopian social justice visions for cities which are not so far-fetched as to be unrealizable so that planning can then attach itself to widespread values such as democracy, the common good, or equality.

scholarly journals Image of the city and modern architecture in the Polish feature films of the 1960s’

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (31) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Adam Nadolny
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Film Image ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

This article focuses on the inter-dependencies between the film image and architecture. The author has attempted to define what sort of historical background preconditions the film image to gain the status of a source for research on the history of Polish urban planning and post-war architecture, with particular emphasis placed on the 1960s.

scholarly journals Zmiany sieci hotelowej w aglomeracji krakowskiej po II wojnie światowej

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 258-269
Author(s):  
Michał Malarz
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
Post War ◽  
Stagnation Period ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Economic Nature ◽  
State Enterprises ◽  
The City

Hotel infrastructure belongs to the most important components of leading agglomerations economic base. It enables evolution of different types of tourist features, including business tourism. Cracow belongs to leading national centres and is treated as the cultural capital of the country. As seen this way, all its functions should be continuously developed for strengthening its position in European and world scale. An important premise in the realization of the above objectives is hotel base quality, its organization, management and price competitiveness.Changes of the economic system in Poland have created conditions for development of individual business, including tourism business. Progress of demonopolization and ownership transformations conditioned creation of private enterprises sector and privatization of state enterprises. Access to capital for private investors and its optimal utilization brought about emergence of independently operated hotel enterprises. Poland’s openness and integration with the EU structures evoked foreign investor interest. International brands appeared on the market, hotels in their structures used capital, know-how and modern tools brought by hotel business leaders.The present shape of Cracow agglomeration hotel network is the effect of many changes, equally of political, social, cultural and economic nature. The process, which has lasted for over 60 years, consisted of the post-war stagnation period, revival in the period of centrally planned economy (1970s and 80s), and dynamic development over the last two decades. The presented analysis shows that the most attractive location for hotel infrastructure is the old city centre, with concentration of 58 objects, representing nearly 50% of agglomeration and suburban area hotels. It shows the importance of development strategy for this type of infrastructure, which may influence the economic base of the city, individual districts, areas and households.

scholarly journals Specificities of suburbanisation in post-socialist context: New housing construction in metropolitan region of Prague 1997-2005

Geografie ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-356
Author(s):  
Luděk Sýkora ◽  
Darina Posová
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Compact City ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The City

The article analyses residential suburbanisation in Prague metropolitan region using data about new housing construction in the period of 1997-2005. Findings show that despite suburban areas account for large share of newly constructed housing, its majority is built within the compact city. Large share of new housing construction in the compact city indicates the vitality and strength of urban alternatives to suburbanisation. In addition, the paper illustrates the strengthening position of Prague metropolitan area within the country and discuses characteristics of new housing construction in the relation to the increasing distance from the city centre.

Fluid geochemistry as useful tool for the recognition of the Lago Exsnia-Viscosa (Rome-Italy) as natural heritage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monia Procesi ◽  
Daniele Cinti ◽  
Jacopo Cabassi ◽  
Francesco Capecchiacci ◽  
Luca Pizzino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Associations ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Microbial Characterization ◽  
Post War ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

<p>Lago Exsnia-Viscosa is located in the eastern part of Rome, on the left bank of Tiber river, close to the historical centre of the city and in a highly urbanized area. The lake takes its name from the factory of artificial silk, the SNIA Viscosa, active there from 1923 to 1954. The industrial plant, located close to the Marranella ditch, used its water for the production processes, also after its channelled and covered. The Marranella ditch was named also Acqua Bullicante (in English “Bubbling water”). It is supposed that the ditch was hosted along a fault where bubbling waters and diffuse degassing from soil were recognized. These manifestations were dominated in CO<sub>2 </sub>but due to the intensive post-war (Second World War) building expansion, no trace remain. These phenomena are typically recognizable in volcanic areas characterized by active hydrothermalis, such as the neighbour volcanic district of Alban Hills. The proximity of this volcanic district to Rome and the fact that it cannot be considered extinct have moved our motivation to study the Lake Exsnia-Viscosa to investigate on possible degassing phenomena in the city centre. The lake appeared in the ‘90s, after illegal excavations (deep up to 10-13 meters) to build unlawfully a shopping center. This caused a leakage of groundwater and the emergence of a small lake (about 7,000 m<sup>2</sup> large, around 7 meters deep). Due to the citizen protests, the works were immediately blocked and the whole area was expropriated and closed. The site, has remained closed, from ‘90s to today, favouring re-naturalization processes, new ecological systems and forbidding anthropogenic transformations. Currently, it represents a precious green area for the city, but is still in danger of being threatened by speculation. For this reason, the citizen is fighting for its recognition as natural heritage supported by cultural and professional associations. In this framework, our study, moved at the beginning to investigate on degassing phenomena, proved to be an important step in the process of recognition of the site as natural heritage. The lake has been used by us as an open-air laboratory collecting water along a vertical profile from the lake surface to the maximum depth, for a geochemical and microbial characterization of the groundwaters. Currently, the results are supporting the community and the local administration in order to make this green site a protected area to donate to their citizens.</p>

scholarly journals Engaging the Senses: The Potential of Emotional Data as a New Information Layer in Urban Planning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afif Fathullah ◽  
Katharine S. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Information Layer ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Although our emotional connection with the physical urban setting is often valued, it is rarely recognised or used as a resource to understand future actions in city planning. Yet, despite the importance of emotion, citizens’ emotions are typically seen as difficult to quantify and individualistic, even though knowledge about people’s response to space could help planners understand people’s behaviours and learn about how citizens use and live in the city. The study explores the relationship between the physical space and emotions through identifying the links between stress levels, and specific features of the urban environment. This study aims to show the potential of integrating the use of galvanic skin response (GSR) within urban spatial analysis and city planning, in order to address the relationship between emotions and urban spaces. This method involved participants using a (GSR) device linked to location data to measure participant’s emotional responses along a walking route in a city centre environment. Findings show correlations between characteristics of environment and stress levels, as well as how specific features of the city spaces such as road crossing create stress ‘hotspots’. We suggest that the data obtained could contribute to citizens creating their own information layer - an emotional layer- that could inform urban planning decision-making. The implications of this application of this method as an approach to public participation in urban planning are also discussed.

Replanning post-war Birmingham

Architectura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Larkham
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
City Centre ◽  
City Managers ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The City

AbstractThe problems and opportunities of post-war reconstruction in the UK are well demonstrated by the city of Birmingham, although what happened there is hardly typical of the country overall. The city was badly bombed, although damage was diffuse. Unusually, no formal ›reconstruction plan‹ was produced because city managers distrusted ›big plans‹, and because there were existing slum clearance plans and ring road aspirations. A new ring road and precinct developments dominated the rebuilt city centre, though the development process was slow and generated very mixed public responses. The architectural and urban forms created were also mixed, but concrete and brutalism reshaped the city’s image. Some of the buildings have not lasted well and were redeveloped after relatively short lives, and the technocentric, car-dominated approach has also failed, with sections of ring road also being redeveloped. This paper demonstrates that even a determined, single-minded approach to reconstruction takes decades to implement; and that changes in fashion and society may very quickly render that reconstruction obsolete

scholarly journals REFLECTION OF POLITICAL RESTRUCTURING ON URBAN SYMBOLS: THE CASE OF PRESIDENTIAL PALACE IN ANKARA, TURKEY

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Republican Period ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Early Republican ◽  
The City

Ankara, capital of Turkey has been the revolution space of the country after the proclamation of republic in 1923. The city has carried out the urban symbols of the republican ideology and modernity vision created by the nationalist administrators and elites. The newly established state used architecture and urban planning in transmitting the ideals of national unity and sovereignty by breaking off its ties from Ottoman heritage. After the span of eighty years, Turkey has experienced a new political hegemony. Post-2000s’ political approach changed the urban symbols of early Republican period and redesigned the capital in line with its ideological basis. One of the most concrete transformations is observed in the presidential palace of the country which conveys the political intents of each period through its spatial and architectural organizations. This study, therefore, aims to put forward the change in urban symbols and their meanings by focusing on the presidential palace. The palaces are investigated in observational domains; their spatial configurations, buildings, and symbols in relation to the political intents on urban areas and public realm. This paper concludes that in both periods presidential palaces with respect to their spatial and architectural designs are regarded as the icons in representing the dominant political power; the former used it as an instrument of national sovereignty whereas the latter used it as a mark of dominancy over the nation.

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