The Role of Writing and Sociability for the Establishment of a Persona

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Anne Pollok
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Mutual Exchange ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Public Persona ◽  
One Step ◽  
Self Formation

This chapter examines the various strategies of intellectual self-formation by female intellectuals. While Henriette Herz created the public persona of the nurturing muse in her salon and established the idea of mutual exchange between the sexes, Rahel Varnhagen took the idea of self-reflection in the eyes of others one step further and, together with her husband, created a monument of remembrance with her collection of letters, fashioning the modern persona as fundamentally constituted through her exchange with others. Bettina von Arnim, finally, had no qualms using the most prominent poet, Goethe, as a prop in her writings, exercising the subversive power of remembrance to establish herself. Even though all these strategies build on the (male) other, they showcase the potential to subvert traditional gender roles.

Legal Change and Stigma in Surrogacy and Abortion

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
John A. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Legal Change ◽  
Procreative Liberty ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
Good Mother

The role of stigma in limiting reproductive rights has long hovered in the air. Paula Abrams has sorted through the concept and shown how it operates in two major areas of procreative liberty — having a child through surrogacy and avoiding childbirth by abortion. Her paper is especially useful for showing how legal change initially dilutes stigma but may reinstall it with post-legalization regulation.Abrams argues that both abortion and surrogacy are stigmatized because they deviate from traditional gender roles and social expectations about pregnancy and maternity. Past restrictions have rested on a common legal and cultural paradigm of the good mother: a woman who conceives, carries her child to term, and then rears the child. Indeed, as she later argues, evidence of stigma surrounding a practice is “relevant to determining whether laws regulating abortion or surrogacy are based on impermissible stereotyping.”

scholarly journals Cultivating Women’s Empowerment through Agritourism: Evidence from Andean Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Gil Arroyo ◽  
Carla Barbieri ◽  
Sandra Sotomayor ◽  
Whitney Knollenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
South America ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Gender Dynamics ◽  
Cultural Considerations ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles

Tourism has the potential to empower women, particularly in rural areas. However, little is known about whether it can have the same effect in Andean communities, mainly because the traditional social and cultural structures of those communities have limited women’s ability to empower themselves through traditional economic activities. Through interviews with residents participating in agritourism development in seven communities across the Cusco and Puno regions (Peru, South America), this study examined the role of agritourism development in the empowerment of women in those communities as well as the ways in which it has changed traditional gender roles. Study findings revealed that agritourism contributes to four areas of empowerment for women: psychological, social, political, and economic. However, the culture of the Andean communities still has considerable influence on gender dynamics and may prevent women from garnering all the benefits of tourism development. Agritourism development in those communities should incorporate gender-related cultural considerations to navigate and overcome barriers, thereby allowing the maximization of empowerment benefits for women.

Questioning Conventional Gender Roles in William Wycherley’s The Plain Dealer

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Golman Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Traditional Conception ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles

This article argues that the notion of gender is not a fixed category and doesn’t have any given essence to it. The male and female characters in William Wycherley’s play The Plain Dealer perform roles that tend to challenge our traditional conception of gender roles. Gender identities are complex things and it is not possible to reduce them to simple and unproblematic essences. The Character Manly falls into the trap of a woman’s machinations and succumbs to her power. His lack of manliness and the Widow’s knowledge and alacrity prove that traditional gender roles are open to challenge and can be reversed by different characters in different situations. This article analyses the role of the characters in the light of Foucauldian discourse and Judith Butler’s theory of gender as performance.

scholarly journals Utopian Feminism in the Background of Revolutionary Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Chatterjee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Gender

While sociology as a discipline prides in explaining the intricacies of gender and how the various gender roles play out in our society, it is ultimately the chronology and course of history that platters the ideas and events as they ought to have taken place, to fuel the food for thought in other disciplines. Role of women or studies on women have always assumed some special importance in the light of the inherent patriarchy to which womenfolk often found themselves to be subordinated, excluded from the public life and academics, writing. Notwithstanding, the force and tide of time did lead to many upheavals in Europe in the early 19th Century and significance of women although not actively but passively grew up to take a very prominent place in modern History. This paper focuses chiefly on women and their movements in early 19th Century – the coinage of the term Utopian feminism and how revolutionary times call for unprecedented changes both in society and gender role orders.

Intimate Violations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S. Manley
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
The Way

Chapter 3 looks at women’s resistance activities on the island and in exile during the Trujillato, as well as the rhetoric that surrounded mothers and wives within the movement and argues that it was precisely the increasingly intimate violations of women and traditional gender roles that ultimately doomed the regime. The chapter advocates for not only a physical inclusion of women in the narrative of anti-dictatorial politics, but also a consideration of the role of traditional familial and feminine “protections” in the upending of a thirty-year regime. Women pointed out—to both domestic and international audiences—the failure of the regime to protect femininity and national morality and, as a result, led the way to the regime’s demise.

scholarly journals How to Represent Female Identity on the Restoration Stage: Actresses (Self) Fashioning

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Serrano González ◽  
Laura Martínez-García
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Female Identity ◽  
Male Role ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Public Personae

Despite the shifting ideologies of gender of the seventeenth century, the arrival of the first actresses caused deep social anxiety: theatre gave women a voice to air grievances and to contest, through their own bodies, traditional gender roles. This paper studies two of the best-known actresses, Nell Gwyn and Anne Bracegirdle, and the different public personae they created to negotiate their presence in this all—male world. In spite of their differing strategies, both women gained fame and profit in the male—dominated theatrical marketplace, confirming them as the ultimate “gender benders,” who appropriated the male role of family’s supporter and bread-winner.

Breaking and Entering: State-Level Recognition of Women as Lawyers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Heather Perretta
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
State Level ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nineteenth Amendment ◽  
Civic Organizations ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles

Abstract Research on state-level suffrage associations points to women's greater participation in the public sphere—higher education, the professions, and civic organizations—as a significant predictor of a state's suffrage association succeeding in securing woman suffrage prior to passage of the Nineteenth Amendment. This finding raises the question of how women gained access to those areas of public life that had formal barriers to entry—higher education and the professions. Specifically, did women's participation in civic organizations play a role in helping women gain access to these areas of the public realm? Using event history analysis, this study explores the role of the Literary Club movement and the Suffrage movement in influencing a state's policy regarding women's right to practice law. I employ the concept of institutional logics to argue that Clubwomen and Suffragists exploited contradictions in the logics of traditional gender roles and of the American political system to press for expanded opportunities for women in the public realm. Their success in these efforts, however, was influenced by their organizations’ deference to the dictates of traditional gender roles.

scholarly journals Empowerment of Women Between Law and Science

Hawwa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 193-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Shabana
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Sex Selection ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Biomedical Technology ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Law And Science

Abstract This paper examines the role of biomedical technology in reconstructing traditional gender roles in the Muslim world. It questions the neutrality of this technology and explores the extent to which various applications of genetic and reproductive technologies can be used either to enhance or diminish gender equality. It concentrates on Islamic normative discussions surrounding pre-marital genetic testing and sex selection and emphasizes the role of these discussions for the proper accommodation of these technologies within the Muslim context.

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