Speaking (of) Faces

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-223
Author(s):  
Elizabeth D. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
Measure For Measure ◽  
The Face ◽  
Human Desire ◽  
The Individual

Measure for Measure is a play that reveals how bodily and affective language is entangled with anatomical understandings of muscles, gesture, and early modern psychology. The face was the primary map for the passions and the mobility of shifting affects, as well as the body’s primary social façade; its complex ability to register or to contain emotion is embedded in the languages of intersubjective interaction, a social geography of communication. This chapter explores how passionate expression is registered as somatic speech acts through readings of facial expression and in moments of disguise (veiling, muffling, substitution). The play stages how human desire flows between and among people, how it solicits and resists legal and political regulation, and how it operates invisibly both as a felt force for the individual subject and as an uncontainable force moving between human subjects.

Human Subjects in Globalized Health Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 395-416
Author(s):  
Andrés Constantin ◽  
Roberto Andorno
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Ready Access ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Trial Participants

The clinical trials enterprise has expanded globally, involving research developed and owned by research institutions in wealthy countries but conducted with participants in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). These LMICs commonly provide ready access to large pools of subjects who have never received a particular drug and have—at least historically—a more permissive regulatory environment, raising important questions about the rights of vulnerable participants. The unequal power dynamic and imbalances between researchers and human subjects require specific norms and procedures to respect and protect the human rights of trial participants. Complementing bioethics norms, human rights law offers a lens for understanding participant and public health interests, recognizing the unequal dynamic between the researcher and the individual subject, and furthering the participants’ autonomy and decision-making power. Framing these issues in human rights obligations additionally offers new forms of governance and accountability mechanisms, raising new opportunities for legally enforceable claims.

s.Four New Challenges, 18 Human Subjects in Globalized Health Research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin Andrés ◽  
Andorno Roberto
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Ready Access ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Trial Participants

The clinical trials enterprise has expanded globally, involving research developed and owned by research institutions in wealthy countries but conducted with participants in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). These LMICs commonly provide ready access to large pools of subjects who have never received a particular drug and have—at least historically—a more permissive regulatory environment, raising important questions about the rights of vulnerable participants. The unequal power dynamic and imbalances between researchers and human subjects require specific norms and procedures to respect and protect the human rights of trial participants. Complementing bioethics norms, human rights law offers a lens for understanding participant and public health interests, recognizing the unequal dynamic between the researcher and the individual subject, and furthering the participants’ autonomy and decision-making power. Framing these issues in human rights obligations additionally offers new forms of governance and accountability mechanisms, raising new opportunities for legally enforceable claims.

scholarly journals ESPOTIFY (An Emotion Based Music Player)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 604-611
Author(s):  
Pushkal Kumar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Human Emotion ◽  
Art Form ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Music Player

Human emotion plays an essential role in social relationships. Emotions are reflected from verbalization, hand gestures of a body, through outward appearances and facial expressions. Music is an art form that soothes and calms the human brain and body. To analyze the mood of an individual, we first need to examine its emotions. If we detect an individual's emotions, then we can also detect an individual's mood. Taking the above two aspects and blending them, our system deals with detecting the emotion of a person through facial expression and playing music according to the emotion detected that will alleviate the mood or calm the individual and can also get quicker songs according to the emotion, saving time from looking up different songs. Different expressions of the face could be angry, happy, sad, and neutral. Facial emotions can be captured and detected through an inbuilt camera or a webcam. In our project, the Fisherface Algorithm is used for the detection of human emotions. After detecting an individual's emotion, our system will play the music automatically based on the emotion of an individual.

The Modern Aristotle: Michael Polanyi’s Search for Truth against Nihilism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Hoinski ◽  
Ronald Polansky
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Michael Polanyi ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Human Desire ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Theoretical Science

David Hoinski and Ronald Polansky’s “The Modern Aristotle: Michael Polanyi’s Search for Truth against Nihilism” shows how the general tendencies of contemporary philosophy of science disclose a return to the Aristotelian emphasis on both the formation of dispositions to know and the role of the mind in theoretical science. Focusing on a comparison of Michael Polanyi and Aristotle, Hoinski and Polansky investigate to what degree Aristotelian thought retains its purchase on reality in the face of the changes wrought by modern science. Polanyi’s approach relies on several Aristotelian assumptions, including the naturalness of the human desire to know, the institutional and personal basis for the accumulation of knowledge, and the endorsement of realism against objectivism. Hoinski and Polansky emphasize the promise of Polanyi’s neo-Aristotelian framework, which argues that science is won through reflection on reality.

Designing Emotion Of Characters By Referencing From Facs In Short Animated Film “RANA”

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Fransisca Adis ◽  
Yohanes Merci Widiastomo
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Basic Characteristic ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
3D Animation ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Facial Action Coding System ◽  
Facial Action ◽  
Animated Film ◽  
Character Design ◽  
The Face

Facial expression is one of some aspects that can deliver story and character’s emotion in 3D animation. To achieve that, we need to plan the character facial from very beginning of the production. At early stage, the character designer need to think about the expression after theu done the character design. Rigger need to create a flexible rigging to achieve the design. Animator can get the clear picture how they animate the facial. Facial Action Coding System (FACS) that originally developed by Carl-Herman Hjortsjo and adopted by Paul Ekman and Wallace V. can be used to identify emotion in a person generally. This paper is going to explain how the Writer use FACS to help designing the facial expression in 3D characters. FACS will be used to determine the basic characteristic of basic shapes of the face when show emotions, while compare with actual face reference. Keywords: animation, facial expression, non-dialog

Stasis Anxiety

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew van der Vlies
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Black Writers ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Contemporary Writing

Two recent debut novels, Songeziwe Mahlangu’s Penumbra (2013) and Masande Ntshanga’s The Reactive (2014), reflect the experience of impasse, stasis, and arrested development experienced by many in South Africa. This chapter uses these novels as the starting point for a discussion of writing by young black writers in general, and as representative examples of the treatment of ‘waithood’ in contemporary writing. It considers (spatial and temporal) theorisations of anxiety, discerns recursive investments in past experiences of hope (invoking Jennifer Wenzel’s work to consider the afterlives of anti-colonial prophecy), assesses the usefulness of Giorgio Agamben’s elaboration of the ancient Greek understanding of stasis as civil war, and asks how these works’ elaboration of stasis might be understood in relation to Wendy Brown’s discussion of the eclipsing of the individual subject of political rights by the neoliberal subject whose very life is framed by its potential to be understood as capital.

Married Life in the Middle Ages, 900-1300

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth van Houts
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Married Life ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This book contains an analysis of the experience of married life by men and women in Christian medieval Europe c. 900–1300. The focus will be on the social and emotional life of the married couple rather than on the institutional history of marriage. The book consists of three parts: the first part (Getting Married) is devoted to the process of getting married and wedding celebrations, the second part (Married Life) discusses the married life of lay couples and clergy, their sexuality, and any remarriage, while the third part (Alternative Living) explores concubinage and polygyny as well as the single life in contrast to monogamous sexual unions. Four main themes are central to the book. First, the tension between patriarchal family strategies and the individual family member’s freedom of choice to marry and, if so, to what partner; second, the role played by the married priesthood in their quest to have individual agency and self-determination accepted in their own lives in the face of the growing imposition of clerical celibacy; third, the role played by women in helping society accept some degree of gender equality and self-determination to marry and in shaping the norms for married life incorporating these principles; fourth, the role played by emotion in the establishment of marriage and in married life at a time when sexual and spiritual love feature prominently in medieval literature.

Dilemmas of nudging in public health: an ethical analysis of a Danish pamphlet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Busch ◽  
Emilie Kirstine Madsen ◽  
Antoinette Mary Fage-Butler ◽  
Marianne Kjær ◽  
Loni Ledderer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Ethical Analysis ◽  
Choice Making ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
The Individual ◽  
To Receive

Summary Nudging has been discussed in the context of public health, and ethical issues raised by nudging in public health contexts have been highlighted. In this article, we first identify types of nudging approaches and techniques that have been used in screening programmes, and ethical issues that have been associated with nudging: paternalism, limited autonomy and manipulation. We then identify nudging techniques used in a pamphlet developed for the Danish National Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer. These include framing, default nudge, use of hassle bias, authority nudge and priming. The pamphlet and the very offering of a screening programme can in themselves be considered nudges. Whether nudging strategies are ethically problematic depend on whether they are categorized as educative- or non-educative nudges. Educative nudges seek to affect people’s choice making by engaging their reflective capabilities. Non-educative nudges work by circumventing people’s reflective capabilities. Information materials are, on the face of it, meant to engage citizens’ reflective capacities. Recipients are likely to receive information materials with this expectation, and thus not expect to be affected in other ways. Non-educative nudges may therefore be particularly problematic in the context of information on screening, also as participating in screening does not always benefit the individual.

scholarly journals Deep-Emotion: Facial Expression Recognition Using Attentional Convolutional Network

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3046
Author(s):  
Shervin Minaee ◽  
Mehdi Minaei ◽  
Amirali Abdolrashidi
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Expression Recognition ◽  
Expression Recognition ◽  
Visualization Technique ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiple Datasets ◽  
The Face ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Facial expression recognition has been an active area of research over the past few decades, and it is still challenging due to the high intra-class variation. Traditional approaches for this problem rely on hand-crafted features such as SIFT, HOG, and LBP, followed by a classifier trained on a database of images or videos. Most of these works perform reasonably well on datasets of images captured in a controlled condition but fail to perform as well on more challenging datasets with more image variation and partial faces. In recent years, several works proposed an end-to-end framework for facial expression recognition using deep learning models. Despite the better performance of these works, there are still much room for improvement. In this work, we propose a deep learning approach based on attentional convolutional network that is able to focus on important parts of the face and achieves significant improvement over previous models on multiple datasets, including FER-2013, CK+, FERG, and JAFFE. We also use a visualization technique that is able to find important facial regions to detect different emotions based on the classifier’s output. Through experimental results, we show that different emotions are sensitive to different parts of the face.

The face of future: Face expressions during future thinking

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182199299
Author(s):  
Mohamad El Haj ◽  
Emin Altintas ◽  
Ahmed A Moustafa ◽  
Abdel Halim Boudoukha
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Future Thinking ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Expressions

Future thinking, which is the ability to project oneself forward in time to pre-experience an event, is intimately associated with emotions. We investigated whether emotional future thinking can activate emotional facial expressions. We invited 43 participants to imagine future scenarios, cued by the words “happy,” “sad,” and “city.” Future thinking was video recorded and analysed with a facial analysis software to classify whether facial expressions (i.e., happy, sad, angry, surprised, scared, disgusted, and neutral facial expression) of participants were neutral or emotional. Analysis demonstrated higher levels of happy facial expressions during future thinking cued by the word “happy” than “sad” or “city.” In contrast, higher levels of sad facial expressions were observed during future thinking cued by the word “sad” than “happy” or “city.” Higher levels of neutral facial expressions were observed during future thinking cued by the word “city” than “happy” or “sad.” In the three conditions, the neutral facial expressions were high compared with happy and sad facial expressions. Together, emotional future thinking, at least for future scenarios cued by “happy” and “sad,” seems to trigger the corresponding facial expression. Our study provides an original physiological window into the subjective emotional experience during future thinking.

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