Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and incidence of atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Chokesuwattanaskul ◽  
K Chiengthong ◽  
C Thongprayoon ◽  
P Lertjitbanjong ◽  
T Bathini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for many inflammatory disorders and pain-related illnesses. Despite their widespread use, the association between NSAIDs and the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate this association. Methods A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases from inception through August 2019 to identify studies that evaluated the risk of AF among patients using NSAIDs. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CI were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method. The protocol for this meta-analysis is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; no. CRD42019141609). Results Eight observational studies (four case–control studies and four cohort studies) with a total of 14 806 420 patients were enrolled. When compared with nonNSAIDs users, the pooled RR of AF in patients with NSAIDs use was 1.29 (95% CI 1.19–1.39). Meta-analyses based on the type of study were additionally performed. Subgroup analysis by study design revealed a significant association between the use of NSAIDs and AF for both case–control studies (pooled RR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.15–1.63) and cohort studies (pooled RR 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14–1.31). Sub-analyses based on specific NSAIDs showed pooled RRs of AF in patients using ibuprofen of 1.30 (95% CI 1.22–1.39), naproxen of 1.44 (95% CI 1.18–1.76) and diclofenac of 1.37 (95% CI 1.10–1.71), respectively. Funnel plot and Egger’s regression asymmetry tests were performed and showed no publication bias. Conclusion NSAID use is associated with incident AF. Our study also demonstrated a consistent result among different NSAIDs.

scholarly journals Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mobin Azami ◽  
Hamid Reza Baradaran ◽  
Parisa Kohnepoushi ◽  
Lotfolah Saed ◽  
Asra Moradkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Conflicting results of recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome explored the need for updated meta-analysis on this issue. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Methods To identify case-control studies and cohort studies evaluating the association of H. pylori infection with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, a comprehensive literature search was performed from international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, and CINHAL from January 1990 until January 2021. We used odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) to quantify the effect of case-control studies and risk ratio with its 95%CI for the effect of cohort studies. Results 22 studies with 206911 participants were included for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of odds ratio between H. pylori infection and metabolic syndrome in case-control studies was 1.19 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.35; I2 = 0%), and in cohort studies, the pooled risk ratio was 1.31 (95%CI: 1.13, 1.51; I2 = 0%). Besides, case-control studies showed the pooled odds ratio of 1.54 (95%CI: 1.19, 1.98; I2 = 6.88%) for the association between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance. Conclusion A positive association was found between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance as well as metabolic syndrome, so planning to eliminate or eradicate H. pylori infection could be an effective solution to improve metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance, and vice versa.

Abstract 12672: Post-Implantation Hematoma Increases Risk of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakrin Kewcharoen ◽  
Chanavuth Kanitsoraphan ◽  
Sittinun Thangjui ◽  
Thiratest Leesutipornchai ◽  
Leenhapong Navaravong
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Device Infection ◽  
Post Implantation

Introduction: Several studies have shown inconsistent relationship between post-implantation hematoma (PH) and cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effect of PH and the risk of CIED infection. Hypothesis: PH increases the risk of CIED infection. Methods: We searched the databases of MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to March 2020. Included studies were cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies and randomized controlled trials that reported incidence of PH and CIED infection during the follow-up period. CIED infection was defined as either a device-related local or systemic infection. Data from each study were combined using the random-effects, generic inverse variance method of Der Simonian and Laird to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Fourteen studies from 2006 to 2018 were included, involving a total of 28,319 participants. There were 6 cohort studies, 7 case-control studies and 1 randomized controlled trial. In random-effect model, we found that PH significantly increases the risk of overall CIED infection (OR = 6.30, 95%CI: 3.87-10.24, I2=49.3%) (Figure 1). There was no publication bias observed in the funnel plot as well as no small-study effect observed in Egger’s test. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrated that PH significantly increases the risk of CIED infection. Precaution should be taken to during device implantation to reduce PH and subsequent CIED infection.

Effect of Exposure to Cats and Dogs on the Risk of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-714
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Gao ◽  
Mei Yin ◽  
Pei Yang ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Lingling Di ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Case Control Studies

Background Controversies persist regarding whether exposure to cat or dog increases the risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Objective This meta-analysis aimed to assess the associations between exposure to cats or dogs and the development of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Methods A systematic review was performed to identify case-control and cohort studies before May 2019, evaluating the association between exposure to cats and dogs and the risk of asthma and rhinitis. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The odds ratios (ORs) and risk ratios (RRs) were pooled for case-control and cohort studies, respectively. Subgroup analyses were performed on prespecified study-level characteristics. Results The meta-analysis of 34 cohort studies showed a protective role of exposure to cats [RR: 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77–0.99] or dogs (RR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97) in the development of asthma. The subgroup analysis of birth cohort (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56–0.93) and children population (RR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70–0.96) also suggested a favorable role of exposure to dogs in the development of asthma. Pooled evidence from 13 case-control studies indicated no significant impact of cats (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 0.39–2.94) and dogs (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.92–1.52) on the development of asthma. A pooled analysis of five cohort studies showed a favorable effect of exposure to cats (RR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.33–0.86) or dogs (RR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.44–0.90) on the development of allergic rhinitis. Conclusion The findings indicated a protective effect of exposure to cats and dogs, especially ownership, on the development of asthma and allergic rhinitis.

scholarly journals Adiposity and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Ohno ◽  
Dagfinn Aune ◽  
Alicia K. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Several studies have investigated associations between overweight/obesity and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, however, the evidence is not entirely consistent, and previous meta-analyses mainly included case–control studies, which can be affected by various biases. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies on adiposity and risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and Embase databases. Random effects models were used to estimate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for rheumatoid arthritis in relation to different measures of adiposity. Thirteen cohort studies (10 publications) were included. The summary RR per 5 kg/m2 increase in body mass index (BMI) was 1.11 (95% CI 1.05–1.18, I2 = 50%), but the association was restricted to women (1.15, 95% CI 1.08–1.21, I2 = 17%) and not observed in men (0.89, 95% CI 0.73–1.09, I2 = 58%). The summary RR per 5 kg/m2 increment in BMI at age 18 years was 1.17 (95% CI 1.01–1.36, I2 = 26%, n = 3), and per 10 cm increase in waist circumference was 1.13 (95% CI 1.02–1.25, I2 = 44%, n = 2). Higher BMI in middle age, BMI at age 18 years, and waist circumference were associated with increased rheumatoid arthritis risk, suggesting adiposity could be targeted for primary prevention.

scholarly journals Maternal Exposure to Alcohol and Low Birthweight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (05) ◽  
pp. 333-347
Author(s):  
Priscilla Perez da Silva Pereira ◽  
Fabiana Araújo Figueiredo Da Mata ◽  
Ana Claudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo ◽  
Roberta Borges Silva ◽  
Maurício Gomes Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies

Objective To investigate the relationship between maternal exposure to alcohol and low birthweight (LBW). Methods The literature search was performed in January 2017 using the following electronic databases: Medline, Embase, LILACS, SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus, CINHAL, Proquest, and PsychInfo. The search strategy used the following terms: alcohol drinking, binge drinking, alcohol-related disorders, alcoholism, alcohol addiction/use/abuse/consumption, light/moderate/social/low drinking, low birthweight, case-control studies, retrospective studies, and cohort studies. No restrictions regarding language or publication date were considered. The literature search yielded 2,383 articles, and after screening and eligibility assessment, 39 articles were included in the systematic review, and 38 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results Maternal alcohol consumption was associated with LBW among retrospective cohort studies (relative risk [RR] = 1.37; 95%CI [confidence interval]:1.10–1.77; I2 = 98.4%; p < 0.01). Prospective cohort studies (RR = 1.11; 95%CI: 0.98–1.25; I2 = 81.5%; p < 0.01), and case-control studies (odds ration [OR] = 1.16; 95%CI: 0.68–1.97; I2 = 61.2%; p = 0.05) showed no association between alcohol and LBW. No publication bias was identified, and the meta-regression showed that the sample size influenced the high heterogeneity among retrospective cohort studies. The subgroup analysis showed differences in association between groups when compared by sample size, type of adjustment, or crude measures and publication year. Conclusions We have not found an association between alcohol consumption during gestation and LBW in the analysis in all of the subgroups. In addition, we have found a high heterogeneity between the primary studies, which is related to methodological differences in the conduction of these studies.

scholarly journals Hypertension and the risk of endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagfinn Aune ◽  
Abhijit Sen ◽  
Lars J. Vatten
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract A history of hypertension has been associated with increased risk of endometrial cancer in several studies, but the results have not been consistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies to clarify the association between hypertension and endometrial cancer risk. PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to 27th of February 2016. Prospective and case-control studies which reported adjusted relative risk estimates and 95% confidence intervals of endometrial cancer associated with a hypertension diagnosis were included. Summary relative risks were estimated using a random effects model. Nineteen case-control studies and 6 cohort studies were included. The summary RR was 1.61 (95% CI: 1.41–1.85, I2 = 86%) for all studies, 1.73 (95% CI: 1.45–2.06, I2 = 89%) for case-control studies and 1.32 (95% CI: 1.12–1.56, I2 = 47%) for cohort studies. The association between hypertension and endometrial cancer was weaker, but still significant, among studies with adjustment for smoking, BMI, oral contraceptive use, and parity, compared to studies without such adjustment. This meta-analysis suggest an increased risk of endometrial cancer among patients with hypertension, however, further studies with more comprehensive adjustments for confounders are warranted to clarify the association.

scholarly journals Traumatic Injury and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Warren ◽  
Susan Armijo Olivo ◽  
Jorge Fuentes Contreras ◽  
Karen V. L. Turpin ◽  
Douglas P. Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale

A systematic review/meta-analysis of literature addressing a possible association between traumatic injury and onset of multiple sclerosis was conducted. Medline, Embase, Cochrane DSR, Ovid HealthStar, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science and Scopus were searched for analytical studies from 1950 to 2011. Two investigators independently reviewed articles for inclusion, assessing their quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Of the 13 case-control studies included, 8 were moderate quality and 5 low; of the 3 cohort studies 2 were high and 1 moderate. Meta-analysis including moderate and low quality case-control studies produced a modest but significant odds ratio: 1.41 (95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.93). However, when low quality studies were excluded, the resulting odds ratio was non-significant. Cohort studies produced a non-significant standardized incidence ratio of 1.00 (95% confidence interval: 0.86, 1.16). These findings support the conclusion that there is no association between traumatic injury and multiple sclerosis onset; more high quality cohort studies would help to confirm this observation.

scholarly journals Oral hormone pregnancy tests and the risks of congenital malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Heneghan ◽  
Jeffrey K. Aronson ◽  
Elizabeth Spencer ◽  
Bennett Holman ◽  
Kamal R. Mahtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Renal Anomalies ◽  
Congenital Heart Malformations ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Oral hormone pregnancy tests (HPTs), such as Primodos, containing ethinylestradiol and high doses of norethisterone, were given to over a million women from 1958 to 1978, when Primodos was withdrawn from the market because of concerns about possible teratogenicity. We aimed to study the association between maternal exposure to oral HPTs and congenital malformations. Methods: We have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies that included data from pregnant women and were exposed to oral HPTs within the estimated first three months of pregnancy, if compared with a relevant control group. We used random-effects meta-analysis and assessed the quality of each study using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for non-randomized studies. Results: We found 16 case control studies and 10 prospective cohort studies, together including 71 330 women, of whom 4,209 were exposed to HPTs. Exposure to oral HPTs was associated with a 40% increased risk of all congenital malformations: pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.40 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.66; P<0.0001; I2 = 0%). Exposure to HPTs was associated with an increased risk of congenital heart malformations: pooled OR = 1.89 (95% CI 1.32 to 2.72; P = 0.0006; I2=0%); nervous system malformations  OR = 2.98 (95% CI 1.32 to 6.76; P = 0.0109 I2 = 78%); gastrointestinal malformations, OR = 4.50 (95% CI 0.63 to 32.20; P = 0.13; I2 = 54%); musculoskeletal malformations, OR = 2.24 (95% CI 1.23 to 4.08; P= 0.009; I2 = 0%); the VACTERL syndrome (Vertebral defects, Anal atresia, Cardiovascular anomalies, Tracheoesophageal fistula, Esophageal atresia, Renal anomalies, and Limb defects), OR = 7.47 (95% CI 2.92 to 19.07; P < 0.0001; I2 = 0%). Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis shows that use of oral HPTs in pregnancy is associated with increased risks of congenital malformations.

scholarly journals Relationship between serum uric acid, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e052274
Author(s):  
Xue Xue ◽  
Chun-Li Lu ◽  
Xin-Yan Jin ◽  
Xue-Han Liu ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesTo analyse the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA), all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients to inform clinical practice and future research.DesignA systematic review of observational studies.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Wan Fang databases were searched from their inception to January 2021 for cohort and case–control studies reporting SUA and mortality in patients with PD.MethodsThe Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to appraise quality of cohort and case–control studies. Effect estimates were presented as HRs with 95% CIs in a meta-analysis using STATA V.16.0. Data not suitable for pooling were synthesised qualitatively.ResultsFourteen cohort studies with 24 022 patients were included. No case–control studies were identified. For prospective cohort studies, pooled results for the highest SUA category were significantly greater than the lowest for all-cause (one study; 1278participants; HR 1.79; 95% CI 1.17 to 2.75) and CV mortality (one study; 1278 participants; HR 2.63; 1.62–4.27). An increase of 1 mg/dL in SUA level was associated with a 16% increased risk of all-cause mortality (one study; 1278 participants; HR 1.16; 1.03–1.32) and 34% increased CV mortality risk (one study; 1278 participants; HR 1.34; 1.16–1.55). For retrospective cohort studies, the highest SUA category did not demonstrate an elevated all-cause (five studies; 4570 participants; HR 1.09; 0.70–1.70) or CV mortality (three studies; 3748 participants; HR 1.00; 0.44–2.31) compared with the lowest SUA category. Additionally, there was no increase in all-cause (eight studies; 11 541 participants; HR 0.94; 0.88–1.02) or CV mortality (three studies; 7427 participants; HR 0.90; 0.76–1.06) for every 1 mg/dL increase in SUA level.ConclusionsResults of prospective and retrospective cohort studies were inconsistent. Consequently, prospective, multicentre, long-term follow-up studies are required to confirm the relationship between SUA and mortality in patients with PD.

scholarly journals Effects of β-carotene intake on the risk of fracture: A Bayesian meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfaye Getachew Charkos ◽  
Yawen Liu ◽  
Kemal Sherefa Oumer ◽  
Ann M Vuong ◽  
Shuman Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Risk Of Fracture ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract Introduction The association between β-carotene intake and risk of fracture has been reported inconsistently. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between β-carotene intake and risk of fracture using a Bayesian approach. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library database for relevant articles until December 2019. We also performed a hand search based on reference lists from published articles. The Bayesian random effect model was used to synthesize data from individual studies. Results Nine studies with a total of 190,545 men and women were included in this meta-analysis. The participants' average age was 59.8 years old. For β-carotene intake, the pooled RR of any fracture was 0.67 (95% Credible Interval (CrI): 0.51-0.82; heterogeneity: P = 0.66, I 2 =0.00%) and 0.63 (95%CrI: 0.44-0. 82) for hip fracture. By study design, the pooled RRs were 0.55 (95% CrI: 0.14-0.96) for case-control studies and 0.82 (95% CrI: 0.58-0.99) for cohort studies. By geographic region, the pooled RRs were 0.58 (95% CrI: 0.28-0.89) for studies conducted in China, 0.86 (95% CrI: 0.35-0.1.37) in America and 0.91(95% CrI: 0.75-1.00) Europe. By gender: the pooled RRs were 0.88 (95% CrI: 0.73-0.99) for males and 0.76 (95% CrI: 0.44-1.07) for females. The probability that β-carotene intakes reduce the risk of any fracture and hip fracture by more than 20% was 95%. Conclusion The present meta-analysis suggests that β-carotene intake was inversely associated with fracture risk, consistently observed for case-control and cohort studies. Further randomized control trial is warranted to confirm this finding.

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