071 Actigraphy-Derived Sleep Metrics are Not Related to Central Hemodynamics or Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Adults

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A29-A29
Author(s):  
Meral Culver ◽  
Alexander Montoye ◽  
Nathan McMillan ◽  
Brett Cross ◽  
Bryan Riemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Vascular Health ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Score Range

Abstract Introduction Insufficient sleep is an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease. To evaluate the hypothesis that decrements in vascular function, due to poor sleep, may serve as a mechanistic link between sleep and cardiovascular disease, we explored relationships of actigraphy-derived sleep metrics with central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness in healthy young adults. Methods A total of 23 women and 27 men (23±5 yrs), free of known cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal disease, and not using sleep medication, participated in this study. ActiGraph GT9X wrist-worn accelerometers were used to measure sleep efficiency, total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, and number of awakenings over a seven-day period. Vascular health measures including central pressures and augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats per minute (AIx@75) were quantified via pulse wave analysis, and carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) was assessed using applanation tonometry. Gender-specific z-scores for each of the sleep metrics were summed to assign each participant a “sleep score” (higher score = better sleep), and relationships between sleep scores and vascular health measures were explored using Pearson correlation coefficients. Results In men, sleep score (range: -4.92 to 9.10) was not related (P>0.05) to central systolic (114±15 mmHg, r=-0.26) or diastolic (72±7 mmHg, r=-0.21) pressures. Similarly, in women, sleep score (range: -5.02 to 5.34) was not related (P>0.05) to central systolic (103±11 mmHg, r=-0.09) or diastolic (72±10 mmHg, r=-0.21) pressures. Sleep score also failed to predict (P>0.05) indices of arterial stiffness, AIx@75 (men = 3.1±12.3, r=0.04; women = 5.2±9.5, r=-0.25) and cf-PWV (men = 6.2±0.8 m/s, r=-0.12; women = 5.7±0.5 m/s, r=-0.10). Conclusion In young healthy individuals, actigraphy-derived sleep characteristics were not related to central hemodynamics or non-invasive indices of arterial stiffness. Previously documented relationships between sleep and vascular function may be limited to less healthy populations, poorer sleepers, or only for certain sleep metrics. Support (if any):

Race, Cardiovascular Disease, and Vascular Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Michael D. Brown ◽  
Dulce H. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Vascular Health ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) have a greater prevalence cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk factors, and they appear at an earlier age compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Impaired vascular function is a major contributing factor to CVD risk, and NHB have impaired vascular function compared with non-Hispanic Whites. In addition to the known biological factors, socioeconomic and environmental determinants of CVD are particularly important for NHB. Chronic exposure to racial discrimination (racialized stress) throughout the lifespan represents an allostatic load whereby the stress-response mechanism is activated repeatedly. This activates the central nervous system and other physiological systems that can cause CVD. High allostatic scores are associated with being NHB or Hispanic. The purpose of this review article is to describe the racial health disparities in the CVDs, the social determinants of CVD disparities, and how racial discrimination impacts them.

scholarly journals Effects of electronic cigarette on platelet and vascular function after one month of use

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Ikonomidis ◽  
K Katogiannis ◽  
G Kostelli ◽  
K Kourea ◽  
E Kyriakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Nicotine Concentration

Abstract Background and aims Smoking is a major factor that contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease. Smoking cessation delays progress of coronary artery disease. Electronic cigarette is proposed as a bridge to smoking cessation. We examined its effects on platelet function after 1 month of use compared to tobacco smoking. Patients and methods 40 current smokers (mean age 48 years±5) without cardiovascular disease were randomized to smoke either a conventional cigarette (conv-cig) or an electronic cigarette (e-cig) (electronic cigarette fluid with nicotine concentration of 12 mg/dL) for one month. All subjects smoked an electronic cigarette with nicotine concentration 12 mg/dL for one month. Measurements were performed at baseline and after one month of smoking the conventional or electronic cigarette. We measured a) perfused boundary region (PBR) of the sublingual arterial micro vessels (range 5–25 micrometers), a marker inversely related with glycocalyx thickness, b) pulse wave velocity (PWV), central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) and augmentation index (AIx), c) platelet function by two different methods, namely the novel Platelet Function Analyzer PFA-100 and the traditional Light Transmission Aggregometry (LTA) d) the exhaled CO level (parts per million-ppm) as a smoking status marker; and e) the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as an oxidative stress burden index. Results After 1 month of electronic smoking, we did not observe any significant change in platelet function and arterial stiffness (p>0.05 for all markers) with the exception of a reduction of MDA (1.22±0.1 vs 1.09±0.1 μmol/L, p=0.03) and exhaled CO; 14.9±0.7 vs 5.9±0.7 ppm, p<0.001. Conversely, after continuation of conventional cigarette smoking for a month, platelet function was further impaired as assessed by PFA [125,5±31,1 vs 152,35±51,4 U, p=0.047) and by LTA (epinephrine as stimulator) [59,8%±16,1 vs 35,6%±19.1, p<0.001] and markers of arterial stiffness were deteriorated, as assessed by PWV (9,5±2,8 vs 10,3±2,9, p=0,028) and by Aixc (8,36±35,9 vs 30,4±21,6, p=0,004). Conclusions Electronic Cigarette smoking has a neutral effect on platelet function and arterial stiffness markers compared to conventional tobacco smoking which further deteriorates platelet and vascular function during one moth of use. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Short-Term Prognostic Impact of Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults Without Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease

Hypertension ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther D. Kim ◽  
Shoshana H. Ballew ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Gerardo Heiss ◽  
Josef Coresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Bottom Quartile ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Arterial stiffness, represented as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD). In older populations, however, this association seems attenuated. Moreover, the prognostic values of pulse wave velocity at different arterial segments and newer parameters like cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) remain unclear, especially in US older adults. In 3034 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants (66–90 years) without CVD, we examined the associations of 4 pulse wave velocity measures (cfPWV, heart-femoral, brachial-ankle, heart-ankle) and 2 new measures of arterial stiffness (CAVI and cardio-femoral vascular index derived from heart-ankle and heart-femoral, respectively) with incident CVD (coronary disease, stroke, and heart failure) and all-cause mortality. Over a median follow-up of 4.4 years, there were 168 incident CVD events and 244 deaths. Overall, stiffness measures did not show strong associations with CVD, except cfPWV, which demonstrated a J-shaped association even after adjusting for potential confounders (hazard ratio, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.08–3.09] in top quartile and 1.97 [1.14–3.39] in bottom quartile versus second bottom quartile). When each CVD was examined separately, heart failure was most robustly associated with higher cfPWV, and stroke was strongly associated with lower cfPWV. There were no significant associations with all-cause mortality. Among different measures of pulse wave velocity, cfPWV showed the strongest associations with CVD, especially heart failure, in older adults without CVD. Other pulse wave velocity measures had no strong associations. Our findings further support cfPWV as the index measure of arterial stiffness and the link of arterial stiffness to heart failure development but also suggest somewhat limited prognostic value of arterial stiffness in older adults overall.

scholarly journals Increased Arterial Stiffness in Adolescents With Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1983129
Author(s):  
Yvette E. Lentferink ◽  
Lisa A. J. Kromwijk ◽  
Marloes P. van der Aa ◽  
Catherijne A. J. Knibbe ◽  
Marja M. J. van der Vorst
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

Increased arterial stiffness (AS) is an early sign of cardiovascular disease. Influence of weight, puberty, and insulin resistance (IR) on AS in adolescents is unclear. Therefore, this study compared AS, assessed with pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx), of adolescents with and without obesity and evaluated the influence of puberty and IR on AS. Sixty-two lean and 61 adolescents with obesity were included. Significantly higher PWV was observed in adolescents with obesity (4.1 ms−1 [2.4 to 5.6 ms−1] vs 3.6 ms−1 [0.4 to 6.1 ms−1]; P = .01), while AIx was not significant different. However, significantly higher AIx was observed in adolescents with obesity and IR (3.0 [−17.5% to 28.5%] vs −3.0 [−19.0% to 13.0%]; P = .01). For Tanner stages, no differences were observed. The higher PWV in adolescents with obesity and higher AIx in adolescents with obesity and IR both indicate an increased AS. Consequently, measurement of AS should be considered in adolescents with obesity and IR as part of cardiovascular risk assessment.

scholarly journals Effect of menopause on arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics: A pulse wave analysis-based cross-sectional study from Gujarat, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
JayeshDalpatbhai Solanki ◽  
DevanshiNishantbhai Bhatt ◽  
RaviKanubhai Patel ◽  
HemantB Mehta ◽  
ChinmayJ Shah
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pulse Wave Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Wave Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The Effect of Antihypertensive Drugs on Arterial Stiffness and Central Hemodynamics: Not All Fingers are Made the Same

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Doumas ◽  
E. Gkaliagkousi ◽  
N. Katsiki ◽  
A. Reklou ◽  
A. Lazaridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Hemodynamics

Arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics attract increasing scientific interest within the hypertensive community during the last decade. Accumulating evidence indicates that aortic stiffness is a strong and independent predictor of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients, and its predictive value extends beyond traditional risk factors. The role of central hemodynamics and augmentation index (a marker of reflected waves), remains less established and requires further investigation. Several lines of evidence indicate that antihypertensive therapy results in significant reductions of pulse wave velocity and central hemodynamics. However, beta-blockers seem to be the only exception with significant within-class differences. Conventional beta-blockers, although equally effective in reducing pulse wave velocity, seem to be less beneficial on central hemodynamics and augmentation index than the other antihypertensive drug categories, whereas the newer vasodilating beta-blockers seem to share the benefits of the other antihypertensive drugs. In conclusion, aortic stiffness seems ready for ‘prime-time’ in the management of essential hypertension, while further research is needed for central hemodynamics and augmentation index.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KADAR TRIGLISERIDA TERHADAP KEKAKUAN ARTERI PADA MODEL HEWAN TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Patonah Hasimun ◽  
Hasballah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p> </p><p>Hasil studi epidemiologi diketahui bahwa trigliserida merupakan salah satu factor resiko independent terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular walaupun target kadar <em>low density lipoprotein</em> (LDL) telah tercapai dengan obat statin. Diduga terdapat hubungan antara kadar trigliserida dengan elastisitas arteri. Kekakuan arteri telah diakui berkaitan erat dengan penyakit kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek hipertrigliseridemia terhadap tingkat kekakuan arteri pada model hewan tikus Wistar yang diinduksi pakan tinggi lemak dan fruktosa 25%. Sejumlah 10 ekor tikus dikelompokkan secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok terdiri dari kelompok control normal menerima pakan normal dan kelompok control positif menerima pakan tinggi lemak dan air minum fruktosa 25% selama 28 hari. Pengukuran <em>pulse wave velocity</em> (PWV), denyut jantung, dan kadar trigliserida serum dilakukan pada hari ke 28. Hasil menunjukkan, kelompok kontrol positif mengalami kenaikan kadar trigliserida serum yang disertai dengan meningkatnya nilai PWV dan denyut jantung yang menunjukkan terjadinya kekakuan arteri yang berbeda bermakna secara statistik terhadap kelompok kontrol normal (p&lt;0.05). Hasil dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara kadar trigliserida dengan kekakuan arteri. Semakin tinggi kadar trigliserida meningkatkan kekakuan arteri sehingga resiko kardiovaskular semakin meningkat.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunc</strong>i : trigliserida, kekakuan arteri, denyut jantung, kardiovaskular</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p> </p><p><em>Epidemiological studies report that triglycerides are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease even though the target level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) has been achieved with statin drugs. It is suspected that there is a relationship between triglyceride levels and arterial elasticity. Arterial stiffness has been recognized as being closely related to cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the effect of hypertriglyceridemia on arterial stiffness in animal models of Wistar rats induced by a high-fat diet and 25% fructose in drinking water. A total of 10 rats were randomly divided into 2 groups consisting of a normal control group receiving normal feed and a positive control group receiving a high-fat diet and 25% fructose in drinking water for 28 days. Measurements of pulse wave velocity (PWV), heart rate, and serum triglyceride levels were carried out on day 28. The positive control group experienced an increase in serum triglyceride levels accompanied by an increase in PWV and heart rate that was statistically significantly different (p &lt;0.05) compared to the group normal. The results concluded that there was a positive relationship between triglyceride levels and arterial stiffness. Higher triglyceride levels increase arterial stiffness. it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>: triglyceride, arterial stiffness, </em><em>heart rate, cardiovascular</em><em> </em></p>

Chronic Standing Desk Use and Arterial Stiffness

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1022-1028
Author(s):  
Ian M. Greenlund ◽  
Piersan E. Suriano ◽  
Steven J. Elmer ◽  
Jason R. Carter ◽  
John J. Durocher
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Chronic Effects

Background: Sedentary activity and sitting for at least 10 hours per day can increase the risk for cardiovascular disease by more than 60%. Use of standing desks may decrease sedentary time and improve cardiovascular health. Acute standing lowers pulse wave velocity (PWV), but chronic effects remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of chronic standing desk use on arterial stiffness versus seated controls. Methods: A total of 48 adults participated in this study. Twenty-four participants qualified as seated desk users (age 41 [10] y, body mass index 25 [4] kg/m2) and 24 as standing desk users (age 45 [12] y, body mass index 25 [5] kg/m2). Arterial stiffness was assessed as PWV within the aorta, arm, and leg. Results: Carotid–femoral PWV (cfPWV) was not different between seated (6.6 [1.3] m/s) and standing (6.9 [1.3] m/s) groups (P = .47). Similarly, there were no differences in arm or leg PWV between groups (P = .13 and P = .66, respectively). A secondary analysis of traditional factors of age and aerobic fitness revealed significant differences in cfPWV in seated and standing desk participants. Age also significantly influenced cfPWV across conditions. Conclusions: Standing for >50% of a workday did not affect PWV. Consistent with previous research, fitness and age are important modulators of arterial stiffness.

Heart-Thigh Cuff Pulse Wave Velocity: A Novel Nontechnical Measure of Arterial Stiffness

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1051-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon G Fico ◽  
Drew D Gourley ◽  
Savannah V Wooten ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Altman Plot ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Screening Device

Abstract BACKGROUND Recently, a novel index of arterial stiffness was developed to eliminate the placements of transducers on the carotid and femoral arteries and to make the measurement substantially easier. We evaluated the agreement of this new methodology with the well-established carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). METHODS A total of 50 adults (28 men and 22 women) varying widely in age and blood pressure were studied. Heart-thigh pulse wave velocity (htPWV) and cfPWV were measured and compared. RESULTS Mean values of cfPWV and htPWV were 713 ± 145 and 699 ± 150 cm/s and were not significantly different (P = 0.43). Both cfPWV and htPWV were significantly associated with age (r = 0.80 and 0.58), body mass index (r = 0.44 and 0.31), and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.42 and 0.41). The 2 pulse wave velocity measures demonstrated a strong linear association with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.64 (P < 0.001). This agreement was consistent with the results of the Bland–Altman plot. CONCLUSION The automatic htPWV method, which permits the data acquisition with minimum technical skill, time, and intrusion in an operator-independent fashion, has good potential as a screening device for assessing arterial stiffness in a clinical setting.

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