207 Sociodemographic, Behavioral, and Health-Related Factors Associated with Sleep Among Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A83-A83
Author(s):  
Madison Barker ◽  
Allyson Gilles ◽  
Sadia Ghani ◽  
William Killgore ◽  
Adam Knowlden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Nonrestorative Sleep ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Medical Bills

Abstract Introduction Previous studies have suggested that Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders show different associations between sleep and health risks, compared to other groups. The present study evaluated sleep and health risk factors in a nationally-representative sample. Methods Data from the Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander National Health Interview Survey (NHPI-NHIS), collected by the CDC in 2013, was used for analysis. A total of N=2,124 individuals provided complete data on all variables. Sleep outcomes included hours of sleep (3-12h), days/week difficulty falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, and nonrestorative sleep (ordinal). Weighted regression analyses (linear or ordinal logistic) evaluated whether sleep outcomes were associated with cancer, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, obesity, poor health, depression, anxiety, smoking, alcohol, activity, functional limitations, foregoing medical care due to cost, frequent healthcare utilization, health insurance, and difficulty paying medical bills, in models that also included age, sex, immigrant status, multiracial status, education, employment, income, and relationship status. Results Shorter sleep was associated with older age, earning <$20,000, and being divorced/widowed/separated, and longer sleep was associated with being female and less than high school education. Shorter sleep was also associated with fair health and current drinking. Difficulty falling asleep was positively associated with older age, earning <=$44,999, being divorced/widowed/separated, obesity, worse health, depressed mood, anxiety, daily smoking, former and current drinking, functional limitations, foregoing care, frequent care, and difficulty with bills. Difficulty falling asleep was negatively associated with immigrant status and being retired. Difficulty maintaining sleep was associated with older age, being unmarried but partnered, obesity, worse health, depression, anxiety, daily smoking, current or heavy drinking, being inactive, functional limitations, foregoing care, frequent care, and difficulty with medical bills. Nonrestorative sleep was associated with non-immigrant status, employment, being a homemaker, disability, being unmarried, obesity, worse health, depression, anxiety, daily smoking, former, current, or heavy drinking, inactivity, functional limitations, foregoing care, frequent care, and difficulty with medical bills. Conclusion Short sleep was not significantly associated with common health risk factors seen in other groups. Sleep difficulties, though, were related to a constellation of sociodemographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and cardiometabolic risks. Further research regarding insomnia as a health risk factor in this population is warranted. Support (if any) R01MD011600, R01DA051321

scholarly journals Suvorexant: A boon for Sleepless Nights

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Anjan Khadka ◽  
Dick Brashier ◽  
Amol Vijay Khanpure ◽  
Pem Chuki
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Side Effect Profile ◽  
New Class ◽  
Sleep Maintenance ◽  
Nonrestorative Sleep ◽  
Arousal System ◽  
Falling Asleep

Insomnia is characterized by difficulty in falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, or experiencing nonrestorative sleep. Insomnia is the most common medical complaint in general practice.  Low efficacy and various side effects limit the use of existing treatment option. Suvorexant is an orexin receptor antagonist (ORA), first in a new class of drugs in development for the treatment of insomnia. It inhibits the wakefulness-promoting orexin neurons of the arousal system thereby promoting the natural transition from wakefulness. It also improves sleep onset and sleep maintenance and has a favorable tolerability and limited side-effect profile.

Abstract 5008: Lifestyle Practices in Adults 65 Years and Older and 7-Year Follow-up Mortality: The Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry Study (CHA)

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Huyen T Vu ◽  
Daniel B Garside ◽  
Martha L Daviglus
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Industry Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background and Objective : Prospective data on combined effects of lifestyle practices (smoking, heavy drinking, and physical inactivity) in older age on mortality are limited. We examine the combined impact of lifestyle behaviors in adults 65 years and older on CVD, non-CVD, cancer, and all-cause mortality after 7 years of follow-up. Methods : In 1996, a health survey was mailed to all surviving participants, ages 65–102, from the Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry Study. The response rate was 60% and the sample included 4,200 male and 3,288 female respondents. Unhealthy lifestyle (un-HL) practices were classified into three groups as having two or more , one , or none of the following three un-HL factors (current smoking or stopped smoking only within the past 10 years; heavy drinking ->15 g/day for women or >30 g/day for men; and infrequent exercise). Vital status was ascertained through 2003 via the National Death Index. Results : With adjustment for age, race, education, marital status, living arrangement, and BMI, the hazards of CVD, non-CVD, cancer, and all-cause mortality were highest among men and women who had two or more un-HL factors and lowest among those who had healthy lifestyle. For example, in men, compared to those with none un-HL factors, the hazard ratios (95%CIs) of all-cause death for those with two or more and one un-HL factors were 2.10 (1.73–2.46) and 1.56 (1.36–1.77), respectively. Associations were attenuated somewhat but remained strongly significant with further adjustment for comorbidities (see table ). Conclusion : Having no unhealthy lifestyle factors in older age is associated with a lower risk for CVD, non-CVD, cancer, and all-cause death. These results should encourage healthy lifestyle practices in elderly people to decrease mortality and promote longevity. Adjusted* Hazard Ratios (95% CIs) for CVD, Non-CVD, Cancer, and All-Cause Death by Number of Unhealthy Lifestyle Factors in 1996 and Gender

Sleep Disturbance in Palliative Care

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Burke ◽  
Sriram Yennurajalingam
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Primary Care Population ◽  
Nonrestorative Sleep ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Prevalent Symptom

Sleep disturbance is a persistent source of suffering in palliative care patients. Symptoms such as difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, early awakening, or nonrestorative sleep are all indicative of sleep disorders. Poor sleep can have consequential effects on perception of pain, fatigue, mood, and quality of life. It is not only a prevalent symptom in the primary care population but also may in fact affect more than 60% of the palliative care population. In addition to the complexities of treatment, insomnia often serves as a red herring to alarm physicians of underlying conditions. Therefore, it is essential that palliative care physicians maintain a high index of suspicion for such confounding conditions as restless leg syndrome, sleep apnea, and delirium. This chapter highlights the intricacies of sleep disturbance and focuses on the most common patient presentations.

scholarly journals SOCIAL PATTERNS OF SMOKING AND ALCOHOL DRINKING AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE IN MOLDOVA

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-144
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Risk Practices

a high prevalence among young people in Moldova. It goes beyond epidemiological approach and descriptive analysis and provides a sociological explanation for these risk-taking behaviours by linking them to local social context in which young people inhabit. The study is based on secondary data analysis of National Youth Survey of Moldova among 14-29 aged population (1112 respondents) carried out in 2016, commissioned by the EU-OECD Youth inclusion project and Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of Moldova. Data were processed in SPSS. Multivariate analysis, adjusting for demographic co-variates was performed using logistic regression. The results of this study show that rates of male smoking and alcohol drinking are high, while rates in women are far lower. According to multivariate data analysis, gender and age are strong individual determinants for both health-risk practices. As well, another important predictor for these behaviors is young people’s educational level – those with lower education level were particularly likely to smoke and drink alcohol. The study revealed also a strong interrelation between these health-risk practices. In paper is argued that high prevalence of smoking and drinking in male may reflect a normative structure for male socializing. Taking into consideration that strongest predictor variable overall is male gender, and strong relationship between heavy drinking and smoking, these behavioral factors might be responsible for the increasing in premature deaths among males in middle age.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sleep disorders in children 3-7 years of age in perm

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
G. V. Anisimov ◽  
T. P. Kalashnikova ◽  
E. V. Bezdomnikova
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
One Year ◽  
Questionnaire Method

Objective. The article analyzes the clinical features of sleep in preschoolers aged 3-7 years in the city of Perm on the basis of a continuous questionnaire method. Materials and methods. The presence of complaints related to sleep at the time of the survey was substantiated in 45 % of children of the younger age group (from 3 to 5 years) and 41 % of children in the older age group (from 5 to 7 years). Results. Sexual dimorphism manifested itself in a significant dominance of intrasomnic disturbances with frequent awakenings and increased motor activity during sleep in older boys. Nocturnal pains and / or cramps in the leg muscles prevailed in girls of the older age group. In the structure of parasomnias in Perm preschool children, there predominated nightmares (16.5 %), night fears (13.3 %), bruxism (14.8 %), sleepwalking (12.8 %), enuresis (8.2 %). Every fifth child of preschool age had sleep with an open mouth, snoring or puffing, hyperhidrosis during sleep and chronic adenotonsillar pathology, which does not exclude the presence of obstructive sleep apnea / hypopnea syndrome in this category of children. Conclusions. Sleep disorders were noted in a quarter of children under one year of age, manifested by difficult falling asleep, restless sleep and sleep inversion, which can be a marker of both disorders of maturation of chronobiological mechanisms and a high percentage of childhood behavioral insomnia.

The Diagnosis and Work-Up of Insomnia

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (S13) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
John W. Winkelman
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Nonrestorative Sleep ◽  
Insomnia Disorder ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
The Status ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Work Up

Most adults have difficulty sleeping at some time in their lives, with problems falling asleep, staying asleep, or having nonrestorative sleep. When these symptoms continue for ≥1 month and are associated with daytime dysfunction or distress, they reach the status of an insomnia disorder. Roughly 10% of adults in the United States have an insomnia disorder (hereafter referred to as insomnia), ie, that which is present on most nights and lasts ≥4 weeks. Insomnia can be primary, in which the sleep disturbance exists in the absence of co-existing medical or psychiatric disorders, or comorbid, when it is accompanied by one of these disorders.Although a diagnosis of insomnia requires difficulty with sleep, insomnia is a 24-hour disorder. Individuals with insomnia describe difficulties with concentration, fatigue, and mood, which both influence, and are influenced by, the sleep disturbance. In addition, insomnia is associated with a substantially elevated risk of incident major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder, and substance abuse disorders. There is also emerging evidence that insomnia increases the risk for incident hypertension and diabetes.

scholarly journals Predictors of Sleep Apnea in the Canadian Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina van der Spuy ◽  
Gaungming Zhao ◽  
Chandima Karunanayake ◽  
Punam Pahwa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Sleeping Problems

Older age, obesity, hypertension, snoring, and excessive daytime sleepiness have been associated with sleep apnea. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence (crude and adjusted), as well as the risk factors, of sleep apnea in the adult Canadian population. Data from the 2009 Sleep Apnea Rapid Response (SARR) questionnaire were used to identify the risk factors, and all sleep-related questions in the SARR questionnaire were used. The outcome variable of interest was health professional-diagnosed sleep apnea. Covariates of interest were demographic variables, population characteristics, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and enabling resources. The multiple logistic regression model adjusted for the clustering effect was used to analyze the data. Sleep apnea was diagnosed in 858,913 adults (3.4% of the population), and more men (65.4%) than women (34.6%) were diagnosed with sleep apnea. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that age (45 and older), loud snoring, sudden awakening with gasping/choking (rare/sometimes and once or more a week), and nodding off/falling asleep in driving in the past 12 months were significantly associated with diagnosed sleep apnea. Predictive probability demonstrated that in overweight and obese persons, ≥15 minutes of daily exercise significantly decreased the risk of diagnosed sleep apnea. The conclusion of this study is that in the Canadian population, sleep apnea is associated with older age, loud snoring, and sleeping problems. The protective effect of exercise warrants further investigation.

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use is Associated With Health Risk Behaviors Among Moderate- and Heavy-Drinking MSM

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-462
Author(s):  
Peter Luehring-Jones ◽  
Tibor P. Palfai ◽  
Kelli D. Tahaney ◽  
Stephen A. Maisto ◽  
Jeffrey Simons
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Among men who have sex with men (MSM), acute alcohol consumption is associated with higher rates of condomless anal intercourse, which is linked with a greater likelihood of exposure to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. While pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV infection has become more widespread in this population in recent years, so too have concerns that PrEP uptake may be associated with health risk behaviors. This study investigated differences in sexual behaviors and drug use habits between PrEP users and nonusers in a sample of moderate- and heavy-drinking MSM. Results indicated that PrEP use was associated with riskier sexual practices, weaker self-regulatory cognitions related to condom use, and more frequent illicit drug use. These findings suggest that moderate-and heavy-drinking MSM who use PrEP may comprise a unique risk group that could benefit from targeted counseling or other interventions to reduce their risk of negative health consequences.

scholarly journals The Indirect Effect of Worry on Daytime Sleepiness Among College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-335
Author(s):  
Alexis Hatcher ◽  
Tiphanie G. Sutton ◽  
Matt R. Judah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Academic Functioning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Falling Asleep

Daytime sleepiness is a prevalent problem among college students that is associated with impairment in academic functioning and mental health risk. Sleep disturbances, such as difficulty falling and staying asleep, are associated with daytime sleepiness. Sleep disturbances are predicted by worry and may serve as mechanisms by which worry conveys risk for daytime sleepiness. The present study examined the indirect effect of worry on daytime sleepiness through difficulty falling asleep and difficulty staying asleep in a cross-sectional undergraduate sample (N = 172). An indirect effect of worry on daytime sleepiness was observed through difficulty staying asleep, ab = .02, 95% CI [.001 .04]. There was no indirect effect through difficulty falling asleep, ab = −.01, 95% CI [−.03, .01]. The study contributed to the understanding of how worry is associated with daytime sleepiness among college students. Additional research using longitudinal and experimental design is needed to further test difficulty staying asleep as a mechanism between worry and sleepiness.

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