Temporal relationships between device-derived sedentary behavior, physical activity, and sleep in early childhood

SLEEP ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine W St. Laurent ◽  
Chloe Andre ◽  
Jennifer F Holmes ◽  
Nicole D Fields ◽  
Rebecca M C Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Ideal Composition ◽  
Lagged Effects

Abstract Study Objectives Understanding the ideal composition of a child’s day requires a better understanding of the relations between wake behaviors (sedentary behavior [SB], physical activity [PA]) and sleep. Here we examine between- and within-person temporal associations between daytime wake behaviors and overnight sleep in early childhood, an important age when healthy behaviors are initiated and 24-hour behaviors are largely determined by caregivers. Methods Daily, repeated measures of wake behavior and overnight sleep were assessed via wrist-worn actigraphy (mean=9 days/nights) in 240 children (50.8±9.8 months). Multilevel models with lagged effects were used to examine the temporal associations between wake and overnight sleep measures and adjusted for daily nap duration, age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Results Between-person associations for sleep outcomes were negative between MVPA and total activity for sleep efficiency (SE). Between-person associations for wake outcomes were positive between sleep duration and light PA, and negative between SE and both MVPA and total PA. When children obtained higher SE relative to their individual average, they were more likely to engage in less SB and greater MVPA and total PA the next day. Conclusions Generally, days with greater activity or sleep were not associated with greater subsequent sleep or PA. Most subsequent behaviors were not influenced by children achieving higher activity or sleep relative to their individual average levels, although higher sleep efficiency was beneficially associated with next day wake behaviors. Future analyses with young children should consider within-person associations and could investigate lagged effects beyond one day.

scholarly journals mHealth Interventions to Address Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5798
Author(s):  
Selina Khoo ◽  
Najihah Mohbin ◽  
Payam Ansari ◽  
Mahfoodha Al-Kitani ◽  
Andre Matthias Müller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Multicomponent Interventions

This review aimed to identify, evaluate, and synthesize the scientific literature on mobile health (mHealth) interventions to promote physical activity (PA) or reduce sedentary behavior (SB) in cancer survivors. We searched six databases from 2000 to 13 April 2020 for controlled and non-controlled trials published in any language. We conducted best evidence syntheses on controlled trials to assess the strength of the evidence. All 31 interventions included in this review measured PA outcomes, with 10 of them also evaluating SB outcomes. Most study participants were adults/older adults with various cancer types. The majority (n = 25) of studies implemented multicomponent interventions, with activity trackers being the most commonly used mHealth technology. There is strong evidence for mHealth interventions, including personal contact components, in increasing moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA among cancer survivors. However, there is inconclusive evidence to support mHealth interventions in increasing total activity and step counts. There is inconclusive evidence on SB potentially due to the limited number of studies. mHealth interventions that include personal contact components are likely more effective in increasing PA than mHealth interventions without such components. Future research should address social factors in mHealth interventions for PA and SB in cancer survivors.

Physical Activity Patterns of Free Living Dogs Diagnosed with Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne H Lee ◽  
Katelyn B Detweiler ◽  
Tisha A Harper ◽  
Kim E Knap ◽  
Maria R C de Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Activity Count ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Average Activity

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) affects about 90% of dogs > 5 yr of age in the US, resulting in reduced range of motion, difficulty climbing and jumping, reduced physical activity, and lower quality of life. Our objective was to use activity monitors to measure physical activity and identify how activity counts correlate with age, body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), serum inflammatory markers, veterinarian pain assessment, and owner perception of pain in free-living dogs with OA. The University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approved the study and owner consent was received prior to experimentation. Fifty-six client-owned dogs (mean age = 7.8 yr; mean BCS = 6.1) with clinical signs and veterinary diagnosis of OA wore HeyRex activity collars continuously over a 49-d period. Blood samples were collected on d 0 and 49, and dog owners completed canine brief pain inventory (CBPI) and Liverpool osteoarthritis in dogs (LOAD) surveys on d 0, 21, 35, and 49. All data were analyzed using SAS 9.3 using repeated measures and R Studio 1.0.136 was used to generate Pearson correlation coefficients between data outcomes. Average activity throughout the study demonstrated greater activity levels on weekends. It also showed that 24-h activity spiked twice daily, once in the morning and another in the afternoon. Serum C-reactive protein concentration was lower (P < 0.01) at d 49 compared to d 0. Survey data indicated lower (P < 0.05) overall pain intensity and severity score on d 21, 35 and 49 compared to d 0. BW was correlated with average activity counts (p=0.02; r=-0.12) and run activity (p=0.10; r=-0.24). Weekend average activity counts were correlated with owner pain intensity scores (p=0.0813; r=-0.2311), but weekday average activity count was not. Age was not correlated with total activity count, sleep activity, or run activity, but it was correlated with scratch (p=0.03; r=-0.10), alert (p=0.03; r=-0.13) and walk (p=0.09; r=-0.23) activities. Total activity counts and activity type (sleep, scratch, alert, walk, run) were not correlated with pain scored by veterinarians, pain intensity or severity scored by owners, or baseline BCS. Even though the lack of controls and/or information on the individual living conditions of dogs resulted in a high level of variability in this study, our data suggest that the use of activity monitors have the potential to aid in the management of OA and other conditions affecting activity (e.g., allergy; anxiety).

scholarly journals Physical activity and sedentary behavior across three time-points and associations with social skills in early childhood

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Carson ◽  
Eun-Young Lee ◽  
Kylie D. Hesketh ◽  
Stephen Hunter ◽  
Nicholas Kuzik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Time Points

Intensity- and Domain-Specific Levels of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in 10- to 14-Year-Old Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1543-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn De Baere ◽  
Jan Seghers ◽  
Renaat Philippaerts ◽  
Kristine De Martelaer ◽  
Johan Lefevre
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
School Children ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Electronic Diary ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
And Gender

Background:to investigate levels of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in 10- to 14-year-olds and to determine PA differences between week-weekend days, genders and school stages.Methods:241 children were recruited from 15 primary and 15 secondary schools. PA was assessed for 7 days using the SenseWear Mini Armband and an electronic diary. Week-weekend and gender differences were determined using 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA. Combined intensity- and domain-specific PA differences between genders and school stages were examined using 2-way ANOVA.Results:Weekdays were more active compared with weekend days. Physical activity level (PAL) of boys was higher compared with girls. Boys showed more moderate (+15 min/day) and vigorous PA (+9 min/day), no differences were found for SB and light PA. Secondary school children showed more SB (+111 min/day), moderate (+8 min/day) and vigorous (+9 min/day) PA and less light PA (-66 min/day) compared with primary school children. No difference was found for PAL. The results of the combined intensity- and domain-specific parameters revealed more nuanced differences between genders and school stages.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate the complexity of PA and SB behavior of children, indicating the need for a multidimensional and differentiated approach in PA promotion.

scholarly journals Measuring Early Childhood Educators’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior–Related Self-Efficacy: A Systematic Review of Tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-467
Author(s):  
Monika Szpunar ◽  
Brianne Bruijns ◽  
Patricia Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Early Childhood Educators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Risky Play ◽  
Healthy Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Programming

Early childhood educators’ (ECEs) self-efficacy is often predictive of their ability and likelihood of promoting healthy activity behaviors in childcare settings. To date, ECEs’ physical activity and sedentary behavior–related self-efficacy has been measured in a variety of ways in childcare-based research, creating difficulty when comparing across studies. To identify the different approaches ECEs’ self-efficacy is assessed, the current study aimed to compare all existing tools that quantitatively measure physical activity and sedentary behavior–related self-efficacy of pre- and in-service ECEs. Seven online databases were searched for original, peer-reviewed, English-written journal articles. Articles were deemed eligible if they employed a tool which measured physical activity and/or sedentary behavior–related self-efficacy of pre- or in-service ECEs. A total of 16 studies were included in this review, and 13 unique tools were identified. All tools measured task self-efficacy ( n = 13), while only 1 tool measured barrier self-efficacy, and approximately half of the tools ( n = 7; 54%) reported on the validity and reliability. Great variability existed among the self-efficacy items included in the tools; however, common constructs included: teaching/leading physical activity, fundamental movement skill development, and physical activity programming. Very few tools mentioned sedentary behavior ( n = 2) and outdoor/risky play ( n = 2). Given the low number of studies that tested validity and reliability of their self-efficacy tools, the lack of consideration for barrier self-efficacy, and the paucity of tools that fully encompassed physical activity, sedentary behavior, and outdoor play considerations for ECEs, future research is needed to validate a new, reliable tool.

Abstract 38: Prospective Study of Midlife Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Cognitive Function: The CARDIA Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara M Whitaker ◽  
Kelley Pettee Gabriel ◽  
Baojiang Chen ◽  
Monica Ahrens ◽  
Barbara Sternfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Introduction: Evidence suggests moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) has beneficial effects on various domains of cognitive function; however, less than half of adults meet MVPA guidelines. Alternate approaches, such as reducing sedentary behavior (SED) with concurrent increases in light-intensity physical activity (LPA) may resonate more strongly with the adult population. Objective: To determine if accelerometer measured SED, LPA, and MVPA at ages 38-50 years is prospectively associated with measures of cognitive function. Methods: We studied 1,842 Black and White men and women enrolled in CARDIA who participated in the year 20 (2005-06) and year 25 (2010-11) and/or year 30 (2015-16) exams. SED, LPA, and MVPA were measured by the ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer at year 20. Cognitive function tests at the year 25 and 30 exams included the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT, memory), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST, processing speed), and Stroop Test (executive function). Compositional isotemporal substitution analysis examined associations of SED, LPA, and MVPA at year 20 with repeated measures (unstructured covariance) of the cognitive function raw test scores at years 25 and 30. Results: In men, substituting 30 minutes of SED with 30 minutes of LPA was associated with a decrease in the RAVLT (-0.05) and DSST (-0.76), and increase in Stroop (0.45) scores, indicating worse performance (see Table ). Substituting SED or LPA with MVPA was associated with an increase in RAVLT (0.15, 0.20) and DSST (1.21, 2.00), and decrease in Stroop (-0.68, -1.17) scores, respectively, indicating better performance. In women, who had higher cognitive function scores than men, substituting SED or LPA with MVPA was associated with worse performance on the Stroop test (0.70, 0.63), contrary to our hypothesis. Conclusions: Statistical substitution of time from lower-intensity activities (SED or LPA) with MVPA, but not SED with LPA, resulted in better cognitive performance in men, but not women, over 10 years.

scholarly journals Pattern of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Early Childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4A) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Adang Suherman ◽  
Nur Indri Rahayu ◽  
Jajat Jajat ◽  
Mohammad Zaky
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Sedentary Behavior

scholarly journals Relating outdoor play to sedentary behavior and physical activity in youth - results from a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Nigg ◽  
Claudia Niessner ◽  
Claudio R. Nigg ◽  
Doris Oriwol ◽  
Steffen C. E. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Outdoor Play ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Outdoor play, sedentary behavior (SB), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) are related to youth’s health, however, there are research gaps regarding 1) associations between outdoor play, SB, and MVPA across a broad pediatric age range (6–17 years), and 2) longitudinal associations between outdoor play, SB, and MVPA across childhood and adolescence. Two studies were conducted to address those research gaps: Study 1 aimed to investigate relationships between outdoor play and accelerometer-assessed SB and MVPA in a cross-sectional nationwide sample of children and adolescents in Germany. Study 2 aimed to investigate prospective associations between outdoor play and self-reported screen-time SB and MVPA and in a sample of children with three measurement timepoints across 11 years. Methods Data were obtained of the German national representative Motorik-Modul (MoMo) Study and the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS). In Study 1, N = 2278 participants (6–17 years) were included with self-reported outdoor play and accelerometer-assessed SB and MVPA. Associations were examined via multiple linear regressions. In Study 2, N = 570 participants (baseline: 4–7 years) were included in the longitudinal analysis with follow-ups six and 11 years later. Screen-time SB (TV watching and PC/Gaming), MVPA, and outdoor play were self-reported. Associations were investigated through a path prediction model. Results Study 1 showed that compared to <1 h outdoor play, higher engagement in daily outdoor play was related to lower SB (1-2 h: − 9.75 min/day, P = 0.017; ≥2 h: − 17.78 min/day, P < 0.001) and higher MVPA (≥2 h: + 3.87 min/day, P = 0.001). The cross-sectional relationship between MVPA and outdoor play was moderated by sex (in favor of males) and age (in favor of younger children). Study 2 showed that outdoor play in early childhood negatively predicted PC use/Gaming in later childhood, but was unrelated to MVPA. Conclusion In Study 1, outdoor play was negatively related to SB cross-sectionally. In Study 2, outdoor play in early childhood was negatively related to PC and Gaming time in later childhood. Thus, providing outdoor play opportunities, especially during early childhood, has potential to prevent SB. Future research should investigate longitudinal relationships using device-based assessments for SB and MVPA.

scholarly journals Development of WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep for Children Less Than 5 Years of Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juana Willumsen ◽  
Fiona Bull
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
World Health ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Physical inactivity is a leading risk factor for global mortality and a contributor to the increase in overweight and obesity. The Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity identified the need for guidance on physical activity, particularly for early childhood (<5 y), a period of rapid physical and cognitive development. Methods: The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the first global guidelines on physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behaviors, building upon high-quality systematic reviews. The WHO guideline process is a rigorous, systematic, and transparent method for the development of recommendations, using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Evidence to Decision framework. It takes into consideration the strength of the evidence as well as values and preferences, benefits and harms, equity and human rights. Results: The authors summarize the first global guidelines on time spent in physical activity, sedentary behavior (including screen time and time spent restrained), and sleep patterns in infants (birth to 1 y of age), toddlers (1–2.9 y of age), and preschoolers (3–4.9 y of age). Conclusions: WHO is actively disseminating and supporting implementation of these guidelines by national adoption and adaptation, through links with early childhood development and the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018–2030.

Objective Measurement of Physical Activity Attributed to a Park-Based Afterschool Program

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ja’mese V. Booth ◽  
Sarah E. Messiah ◽  
Eric Hansen ◽  
Maria I. Nardi ◽  
Emily Hawver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Afterschool Program ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Activity Recommendations

Background: Only 24% of US youth meet physical activity recommendations set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Research demonstrates that community-based programs provide underresourced minority youth with opportunities for routine physical activity, although limited work draws from accelerometry data. This study objectively assessed youth physical activity attributable to participation (vs nonparticipation) days in a park-based afterschool program in Miami-Dade County, Miami, FL. Methods: Participants’ (n = 66; 60% male; 57% white Hispanic, 25% non-Hispanic black, 14% Black Hispanic, mean age = 10.2 y) physical activity was assessed April to May 2019 over 10 days across 7 park sites using Fitbit (Charge 2) devices. Separate repeated-measures multilevel models were developed to assess the relationship between program daily attendance and total (1) moderate to vigorous physical activity minutes and (2) step counts per day. Results: Models adjusted for individual-level age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty, and clustering by park showed significantly higher moderate to vigorous physical activity minutes (β = 25.33 more minutes per day; 95% confidence interval, 7.0 to 43.7, P < .01) and step counts (β = 4067.8 more steps per day; 95% confidence interval, 3171.8 to 4963.8, P < .001) on days when youth did versus did not attend the program. Conclusions: Study findings suggest that park-based programs may support underserved youth in achieving daily physical activity recommendations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document