scholarly journals The Elusive Search for Reniform Nematode Resistance in Cotton

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Churamani Khanal ◽  
Edward C. McGawley ◽  
Charles Overstreet ◽  
Salliana R. Stetina
Keyword(s):  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reniform Nematode ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Cotton Belt

The reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira) has emerged as the most important plant-parasitic nematode of cotton in the United States cotton belt. Success in the development of reniform nematode-resistant upland cotton cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has not been realized despite over three decades of breeding efforts. Research approaches ranging from conventional breeding to triple species hybrids to marker-assisted selection have been employed to introgress reniform nematode resistance from other species of cotton into upland cultivars. Reniform nematode-resistant breeding lines derived from G. longicalyx were developed in 2007. However, these breeding lines displayed stunting symptoms and a hypersensitive response to reniform nematode infection. Subsequent breeding efforts focused on G. barbadense, G. aridum, G. armoreanum, and other species that have a high level of resistance to reniform nematode. Marker-assisted selection has greatly improved screening of reniform nematode-resistant lines. The use of advanced molecular techniques such as CRISPER-Cas9 systems and alternative ways such as delivery of suitable “cry” proteins and specific double-stranded RNA to nematodes will assist in developing resistant cultivars of cotton. In spite of the efforts of cotton breeders and nematologists, successes are limited only to the development of reniform nematode-resistant breeding lines. In this article, we provide an overview of the approaches employed to develop reniform nematode-resistant upland cotton cultivars in the past, progress to date, major obstacles, and some promising future research activity.

Reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) and its interactions with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Kathy S. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reniform Nematode ◽  
Rotylenchulus Reniformis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Management Optimization ◽  
Cotton Belt

Abstract The reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis, is a major economic factor limiting cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production in the USA. Across the United States cotton belt, 0.1-5.0% of the cotton crop is lost to the reniform nematode (RN) annually. This chapter discusses the economic importance, geographical distribution, host range, damage symptoms, biology and life cycle, interactions with other nematodes and pathogens, recommended integrated management, and management optimization of the reniform nematode (R. reniformis). Future research requirements are also mentioned.

Reniform Nematode Resistance in Upland Cotton Germplasm

Crop Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Weaver ◽  
Kathy S. Lawrence ◽  
Edzard Santen
Keyword(s):  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Reniform Nematode

Field Test Results Versus Marker Assisted Selection for Root-Knot Nematode Resistance in Peanut

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Branch ◽  
T. B. Brenneman ◽  
G. Hookstra
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Resistant Gene ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Race 1

ABSTRACT A common set of 12 advanced Georgia peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) breeding lines that were derived from ‘COAN’ cross combinations were compared with three check cultivars for root-knot nematode (RKN) [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1] resistance. These 15 genotypes were grown in RKN populated field tests using a randomized complete block design with three replications for two years (2011 and 2012). Two molecular markers (SCAR 197/909 and SSR-GM565) used for marker assisted selection (MAS) did not agree with low gall ratings and high pod yield for four out of the 15 genotypes (26.7%). The results were the same each year with the same four field RKN-resistant genotypes being incorrectly identified as susceptible (false negatives) by both markers. Reciprocal cross combinations involving field resistant parents showed one-gene difference between MAS resistant × MAS susceptible in F1 and F2 populations. The lack of accuracy differentiating resistant RKN breeding lines when using these two markers was attributed to either recombination between the resistant gene RMA and these two markers, or the possible identification of a second unlinked nematode resistant gene. Regardless, more tightly-linked molecular markers are needed for RKN-resistance in future MAS breeding programs.

scholarly journals A Bibliometric Review on Chemistry Education: Bodies of Research, 1980-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Sarifah Fauziah Syed Draman ◽  
Norzila Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intellectual Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Source Type ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Research Types

Abstract: Over the four decades, there has been sustained research activity in chemistry education. However, in terms of bodies of research, only a few different views were recorded.  Thus, this study aimed to examine the trend bodies of research on chemistry education over the past 40 years (1980-2020) by using bibliometric analysis.  Data based was collected from Scopus-indexed documents based on the 'title' search results.  A total of 1041 finalized documents from various research types were used for further analysis. Two software (Harzing Perish and VOSviewer) were used to complete the bibliometric review using standard bibliometric indicators. This study found 12 types of documents published is related to chemistry education. 57 % of the total publications are from articles. The highest source type is journals (81%). Then, the growth of the related publications has risen gradually. English is the top language used in publications. The United States is ranked first in productivity published documents when an analysis by country is done.  Citation analysis results can identify key authors and documents that designed the progress of this review. This analysis is used to determine the intellectual structure of the chemistry education knowledge base.  In conclusion, this review delivers a better understanding of the development trends in chemistry education bodies of research over the past 40 years. Furthermore, the review result can also offer a reference for future research.   Keywords: Chemistry education, Citations count, Scopus, Trend, VOSviewer

Refining Evidence-Based Treatments for Late-Life Depression

GeroPsych ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Grace C. Niu ◽  
Patricia A. Arean
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments

The recent increase in the aging population, specifically in the United States, has raised concerns regarding treatment for mental illness among older adults. Late-life depression (LLD) is a complex condition that has become widespread among the aging population. Despite the availability of behavioral interventions and psychotherapies, few depressed older adults actually receive treatment. In this paper we review the research on refining treatments for LLD. We first identify evidence-based treatments (EBTs) for LLD and the problems associated with efficacy and dissemination, then review approaches to conceptualizing mental illness, specifically concepts related to brain plasticity and the Research Domain Criteria (RDoc). Finally, we introduce ENGAGE as a streamlined treatment for LLD and discuss implications for future research.

A Silenced Population

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gryglewicz ◽  
Melanie Bozzay ◽  
Brittany Arthur-Jordon ◽  
Gabriela D. Romero ◽  
Melissa Witmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Method Student

Abstract. Background: Given challenges that exceed the normal developmental requirements of adolescence, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) youth are believed to be at elevated risk for engaging in suicide-related behavior (SRB). Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms that put these youth potentially at risk. Aims: To determine whether peer relationship difficulties are related to increased risk of SRB in DHH youth. Method: Student records (n = 74) were retrieved from an accredited educational center for deaf and blind students in the United States. Results: Peer relationship difficulties were found to be significantly associated with engagement in SRB but not when accounting for depressive symptomatology. Limitations: The restricted sample limits generalizability. Conclusions regarding risk causation cannot be made due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for future research that examines the mechanisms of the relationship between peer relationship difficulties, depression, and suicide risk in DHH youth and potential preventive interventions to ameliorate the risks for these at-risk youth.

Registration of LONREN-1 and LONREN-2 Germplasm Lines of Upland Cotton Resistant to Reniform Nematode

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alois A. Bell ◽  
A. Forest Robinson ◽  
Jose Quintana ◽  
Nilesh D. Dighe ◽  
Monica A. Menz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Reniform Nematode

Fragments of the American Dream: Immigration, Race, and Medical Care in the Segregated South, 1929

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
John R Phillips
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Dream ◽  
Black Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Single Woman ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sunflower County

The cover photograph for this issue of Public Voices was taken sometime in the summer of 1929 (probably June) somewhere in Sunflower County, Mississippi. Very probably the photo was taken in Indianola but, perhaps, it was Ruleville. It is one of three such photos, one of which does have the annotation on the reverse “Ruleville Midwives Club 1929.” The young woman wearing a tie in this and in one of the other photos was Ann Reid Brown, R.N., then a single woman having only arrived in the United States from Scotland a few years before, in 1923. Full disclosure: This commentary on the photo combines professional research interests in public administration and public policy with personal interests—family interests—for that young nurse later married and became the author’s mother. From the scholarly perspective, such photographs have been seen as “instrumental in establishing midwives’ credentials and cultural identity at a key transitional moment in the history of the midwife and of public health” (Keith, Brennan, & Reynolds 2012). There is also deep irony if we see these photographs as being a fragment of the American dream, of a recent immigrant’s hope for and success at achieving that dream; but that fragment of the vision is understood quite differently when we see that she began a hopeful career working with a Black population forcibly segregated by law under the incongruously named “separate but equal” legal doctrine. That doctrine, derived from the United States Supreme Court’s 1896 decision, Plessy v. Ferguson, would remain the foundation for legally enforced segregation throughout the South for another quarter century. The options open to the young, white, immigrant nurse were almost entirely closed off for the population with which she then worked. The remaining parts of this overview are meant to provide the following: (1) some biographical information on the nurse; (2) a description, in so far as we know it, of why she was in Mississippi; and (3) some indication of areas for future research on this and related topics.

Questions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Gibson ◽  
Michael J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The U.S

We have investigated the differences in support for the U.S. Supreme Court among black, Hispanic, and white Americans, catalogued the variation in African Americans’ group attachments and experiences with legal authorities, and examined how those latter two factors shape individuals’ support for the U.S. Supreme Court, that Court’s decisions, and for their local legal system. We take this opportunity to weave our findings together, taking stock of what we have learned from our analyses and what seem like fruitful paths for future research. In the process, we revisit Positivity Theory. We present a modified version of the theory that we hope will guide future inquiry on public support for courts, both in the United States and abroad.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis D. Stimeling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Country Music ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Music Culture ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

This chapter offers a historiographic survey of country music scholarship from the publication of Bill C. Malone’s “A History of Commercial Country Music in the United States, 1920–1964” (1965) to the leading publications of the today. Very little of substance has been written on country music recorded since the 1970s, especially when compared to the wealth of available literature on early country recording artists. Ethnographic studies of country music and country music culture are rare, and including ethnographic methods in country music studies offers new insights into the rich variety of ways in which people make, consume, and engage with country music as a genre. The chapter traces the influence of folklore studies, sociology, cultural studies, and musicology on the development of country music studies and proposes some directions for future research in the field.

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