Refractive Errors of Medical Students in Turkey: One Year Follow-Up of Refraction and Biometry

This report describes an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of "trained mother" interviews early in the medical school curriculum. As an adjunct to a first-year course that teaches interviewing techniques, half of the students were exposed to an interview with one of three trained mothers early in the course. This treatment interview was immediately followed by a feedback session which concentrated on the content and process of interviewing. At the end of the course, all students had an evaluative interview. Those students who had an initial interview and feedback session with a trained mother scored significantly higher on both the content and process of their interviews than the control group. This technique is an effective and efficient way to teach interviewing skills to medical students prior to entering any of their clinical clerkships. A follow-up assessment conducted one year later indicated that one interview with a trained mother is sufficient for optimal learning and that the skills learned are retained over at least that period of time.

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Development, Implementation and Evaluation of A Pain Management and Palliative Care Educational Seminar for Medical Students

Pain Research and Management ◽

10.1155/2014/240129 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 230-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Denise Paneduro ◽

Leah R Pink ◽

Andrew J Smith ◽

Anita Chakraborty ◽

Albert J Kirshen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palliative Care ◽

Pain Management ◽

Medical Students ◽

Test Scores ◽

Pain Education ◽

Post Test ◽

Based Instruction ◽

One Year ◽

Educational Seminar

BACKGROUND: Despite calls for the development and evaluation of pain education programs during early medical student training, little research has been dedicated to this initiative.OBJECTIVES: To develop a pain management and palliative care seminar for medical students during their surgical clerkship and evaluate its impact on knowledge over time.METHODS: A multidisciplinary team of palliative care and pain experts worked collaboratively and developed the seminar over one year. Teaching methods included didactic and case-based instruction, as well as small and large group discussions. A total of 292 medical students attended a seminar during their third- or fourth-year surgical rotation. A 10-item test on knowledge regarding pain and palliative care topics was administered before the seminar, immediately following the seminar and up to one year following the seminar. Ninety-five percent (n=277) of students completed the post-test and 31% (n=90) completed the follow-up test.RESULTS: The mean pretest, post-test and one-year follow-up test scores were 51%, 75% and 73%, respectively. Mean test scores at post-test and follow-up were significantly higher than pretest scores (all P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in mean test scores between follow-up and post-test (P=0.559), indicating that students retained knowledge gained from the seminar.CONCLUSIONS: A high-quality educational seminar using interactive and case-based instruction can enhance students’ knowledge of pain management and palliative care. These findings highlight the feasibility of developing and implementing pain education material for medical students during their training.

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An Intervention to Remediate Unprofessional Behaviours of Pre-Clinical Medical Students

Education in Medicine Journal ◽

10.21315/eimj2021.13.2.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 83-90

Author(s):

Chan Choong Foong ◽

Nurul Atira Khairul Anhar Holder ◽

Aswini R Dutt ◽

Hidayah Mohd Fadzil

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Medical Students ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Hidden Curriculum ◽

Healthcare Education ◽

Medical Practitioners ◽

Corrective Measures ◽

Published Evidence ◽

One Year

Remediating the unprofessional behaviours of medical students is essential because the unprofessional behaviours of medical practitioners could be traced back to their previous behaviours in medical schools. This study evaluated a programme that used reflection in remediating students with unprofessional behaviours. Personal and professional development (PPD) assignments have a “hidden curriculum” on professional behaviours expected of medical students. Seven students who repeatedly failed to complete the PPD assignments were required to attend a remediation programme. The remediation programme aims to help students reflect on their behaviours. They compared professional behaviours between medical practitioners and students and discussed unprofessional behaviours using actual cases. Thematic analysis was performed on the reflective essays of the students, collected at the beginning and the end of the remediation programme. At the beginning of the programme, students expressed anger because they felt that the PPD assignments were minor tasks. At the end of the programme, students expressed their regretful feelings; they recognised lessons learnt and developed corrective measures. A follow-up reported that the faculty no longer deemed the students unsatisfactory in their professional behaviours one year later. Reflection is recognised as useful in healthcare education, but there is a lack of published evidence to answer whether reflection can be learned. In this study, the students learnt to reflect on their previous professional behaviours, and they developed corrective measures to avoid the recurrence of these previous behaviours. The findings may imply that reflection could be taught and learned to cultivate professional behaviours among medical students.

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Implantable Collamer Lens for Correction of Refractive Errors in Patients with Keratoconus following Collagen Cross-Linking: One Year Follow-up

International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1074 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 29-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hassenien Safa Shuber

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Refractive Errors ◽

Implantable Collamer Lens ◽

Uncorrected Visual Acuity ◽

Efficacy Index ◽

The Mean ◽

One Year ◽

Collagen Cross Linking

ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of this study is to assess the predictability, safety, efficacy and stability of correction of refractive errors in patients with keratoconus using Visian implantable collamer lens (ICL) following collagen cross-linking. Materials and methods This prospective, non-comparative study evaluated 20 eyes of 14 patients with keratoconus subjected to implantation of intraocular collamer lens at least 1 year following collagen cross-linking and stable refraction. Mean preoperative myopia was −8.43 ± 5.13 Diopters (D) (–3.5 to −20.0D and mean cylinder was −2.19 ± 1.28D (0.0 to −4.5D). The preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) was −9.52 ± 5.33D (–3.75 to −21.25D). During the 12 months follow-up, uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure and vaulting are measured. Results At 12 months postoperatively, 90% of eye had refractive cylinder of <1.0D with (p = 0.003) and 20 (100%) eyes was within ±0.75D of sphere at 1 year (r2 = 0.99) and (p = 0.0085). The mean postoperative BCVA in decimal was 0.498 ± 0.232, while the mean preoperative BCVA was 0.484 ± 0.285. The safety index at 12 months was 1.02. The mean postoperative UCVA in decimal was 0.498 ± 0.232 and the mean preoperative BCVA is 0.484 ± 0.29 and the efficacy index at 12 months was 1.01. Conclusion Implantation of Visian Intraocular collamer lens is predictable, safe and effective way to correct refractive error in patients with keratoconus following collagen cross-linking. How to cite this article Shuber HS. Implantable Collamer Lens for Correction of Refractive Errors in Patients with Keratoconus following Collagen Cross-Linking: One Year Follow-up. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(1):29-35.

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Utilizing Surgical Bootcamps to Teach Core Entrustable Professional Activities to Senior Medical Students

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481808400619 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 84 (6) ◽

pp. 783-788

Author(s):

Jamie Heimroth ◽

Victoria M. Jones ◽

Jeffrey D. Howard ◽

Erica R.H. Sutton

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Life Support ◽

Boot Camp ◽

Entrustable Professional Activities ◽

Student Expectations ◽

Effective Mechanism ◽

Professional Activities ◽

One Year ◽

Senior Students

To promote residency preparedness, the Association of American Medical Colleges defined 13 core entrustable professional activities for entering residency (CEPAERs), which represent tasks that students should be able to perform on day one of residency. At the authors’ institution, a four-week surgery boot camp course is offered to senior medical students, which may provide an effective mechanism for teaching the CEPAERs. Nine senior students participating in a surgery boot camp course were subjected to pre- and post-course surveys. Student expectations were closely aligned with the CEPAERs. Competence was demonstrated in all CEPAERs; however, four students did require remediation with Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support before achieving competence. In the “death on the wards module,” we found a significant increase in student confidence (19.78, SD 1.47, P > 0.05 vs 31.56, SD 1.49, P < 0.01) and knowledge (16.11, SD 1.32, P > 0.05 vs 31.33, SD 2.04, P < 0.01). In a one-year follow-up survey, all participants agreed that the boot camp course was useful and positively impacted their intern year. Surgical boot camp courses provide an effective and reproducible means for teaching the CEPAERs and was found useful in preparing medical students for residency.

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Chinese medical students’ disposition for critical thinking: a mixed methods exploration

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02801-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lei Huang ◽

Angela Pei-Chen Fan ◽

Na Su ◽

Jessica Thai ◽

Russell Olive Kosik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Critical Thinking ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Medical Students ◽

Medical Training ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chinese Medical Students ◽

One Year ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Critical thinking (CT) is an essential competency for medical students. This study’s aim was to evaluate Chinese medical students’ disposition for CT and to explore the impact of current trends in medical education on students’ CT development. Methods We used multistage stratified cluster sampling to recruit a total of 1241 medical students among five different years of training and from three medical institutions in China. The Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV) and self-reported information were used to collect cross-sectional data. Based on the data from the CTDI-CV, 112 medical students in clinical course training from a single institution continued one-year follow-up. Their one-year CTDI-CV score changes were collected regarding various medical education variables. Results The mean CTDI-CV score of the 1241 medical students was 287.04 with 729 (58.7%) students receiving a score of 280 or higher. There were statistically significant differences in schools attended(F = 3.84, P < 0.05), year of school attended(F = 10.32, P < 0.001), GPA(F = 6.32, P < 0.01), weekly time spent learning after class(F = 14.14, P < 0.001), attitude toward medicine(F = 28.93, P < 0.001), desire to be a doctor after graduation(t = − 3.35, P < 0.001), familiarity with CT(F = 20.40, P < 0.001), and perception of importance of CT(F = 22.25, P < 0.001). The participants scored the highest on the CTDI-CV subscales of “inquisitiveness” and the lowest on “truth seeking.” The 112 students in the longitudinal study had significantly lower total CT scores after one academic year follow-up. Conclusions Chinese medical students generally exhibited positive CT dispositions. The cross-sectional survey and one-year longitudinal study indicated that students’ CT disposition diminished as they progressed through traditional medical training. Our study contributes to understanding the status of Chinese medical education of and influential factors on medical students’ CT disposition.

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One-Year Follow-Up of Dermoscopy Education on the Ability of Medical Students to Detect Skin Cancer

Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000350571 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 226 (3) ◽

pp. 267-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

L.L. Chen ◽

T.N. Liebman ◽

R.P. Soriano ◽

S.W. Dusza ◽

A.C. Halpern ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

One Year

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Surgical Outcomes in Cases of Marcus-Gunn Jaw-Winking Phenomenon

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v13i1.13750 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 34-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

RP Sthapit ◽

R Saiju

Keyword(s):

Surgical Outcomes ◽

Refractive Errors ◽

Repeat Surgery ◽

Congenital Ptosis ◽

Frontalis Suspension ◽

Upper Lid ◽

One Year ◽

Age Range ◽

Ptosis Surgery

Background Markus-Gunn Jaw-winking Phenomenon (MGJW) is a congenital ptosis associated with synkinetic movement of upper lid on masticating movements of jaw. It results from aberrant connection between motor division of trigeminal nerve and oculomotor nerve.Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of MGJW phenomenon and evaluate its surgical outcomes of unilateral levator excision and frontalis suspension.Method It is a retrospective analysis of nine cases of MGJW phenomenon seen from 2007 to 2013 AD. The clinical features were recorded and analysed. Unilateral levator excision and frontalis suspension for the correction of synkinesis and ptosis was done for all the patients. The result of surgery was analysed.Result MGJW phenomenon was seen more in males. All the cases had unilateral ptosis with jaw winking phenomenon. Ipsilateral hypotropia and refractive errors were seen in 44%. One week post operative margin reflex distance was good in 67% of cases. Persistent jaw-winking was seen in 3 cases, two underwent repeat surgery to abolish the synkinesis. At one year follow up, 33% had good margin reflex distance of more than 4mm and 22% had fairly good margin reflex distance of 3mm.Conclusion Patients with Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis can present at a wide age range. There may be an associated vertical muscle imbalance, which should be managed before ptosis surgery to avoid ptosis under correction. Unilateral frontalis flap suspension combined levator excision can correct ptosis very well for patients with Marcus-Gunn syndrome.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.13(1) 2015; 34-37

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