scholarly journals Discovering place-informative scenes and objects using social media photos

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 181375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Bolei Zhou ◽  
Carlo Ratti ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Scenes ◽  
Visual Knowledge ◽  
Historical Architecture ◽  
Police Cars ◽  
The City

Understanding the visual discrepancy and heterogeneity of different places is of great interest to architectural design, urban design and tourism planning. However, previous studies have been limited by the lack of adequate data and efficient methods to quantify the visual aspects of a place. This work proposes a data-driven framework to explore the place-informative scenes and objects by employing deep convolutional neural network to learn and measure the visual knowledge of place appearance automatically from a massive dataset of photos and imagery. Based on the proposed framework, we compare the visual similarity and visual distinctiveness of 18 cities worldwide using millions of geo-tagged photos obtained from social media. As a result, we identify the visual cues of each city that distinguish that city from others: other than landmarks, a large number of historical architecture, religious sites, unique urban scenes, along with some unusual natural landscapes have been identified as the most place-informative elements. In terms of the city-informative objects, taking vehicles as an example, we find that the taxis, police cars and ambulances are the most place-informative objects. The results of this work are inspiring for various fields—providing insights on what large-scale geo-tagged data can achieve in understanding place formalization and urban design.

EFFECTS OF CLIMATE ON THE ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN DESIGN OF TRIPOLI

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-311
Author(s):  
AbuRawi Mustafa ALMARKIYAH ◽  
Fouziya Alzarqani Ipraheem FADHLULLAH
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Motion Path ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Study Case ◽  
The City

Tripoli is a city of a Mediterranean Sea climate; this has contributed with some social and religious factors to affect the architectural and urban design, which all originally has come from the Islamic content. This study argues the climatic features of Tripoli in order to show the ways followed by the Libyan Muslim architect. In other words, these ways were used to adapt with the climate and create the demanding architectural treatments, which have served the building units. This is considered as a study case that can discuss the possibility of the climatic reflection on the walls. That is to say, the walls’ thickness, the type of the used substance in building, the substance’s properties, the type of roof used in covering the building units and the architectural design of the building as treatments achieved professionally by the architect in decreasing the heat in summer and increasing the heat in winter through the mass block. Additionally, the researchers have stated that Tripoli’s building design respected the privacy of the inhabitants and their isolation from the world outside their buildings. That is because they wanted to have their own cold spaces inside which were rich of light, air and shadow. As a result of the aforementioned considerations, the architectural buildings contained the uncovered space and the broken entrance to keep the privacy from the passengers and to protect the inhabitants from wind and sand. These were regarded as final solutions for the architectural and climatic problem. Further, this study illustrates the active role of using the planning including the architectural formations and the treatments of motion path. That is according to their width, their length, their form, their guidance and their direction change in order to make shadow and isolate the front of buildings. This also contributed to give the streets the northern wind which in turn helped to keep the air moving as long as possible to tone down the climatic influences. Moreover, the planning aimed to show its turn through analytical, architectural and documentary survey for realistic examples in the archeological registrar of the potential city treatments. These architectural elements were important in making the sustainable architecture in respect to the environment and human relaxation requirements. Finally, the researchers measured the following factors temperatures, wind, rain, and ratio humidity for variety of spaces in the city. That was followed by qualitative and quantitative statistical analysis supported by graphs

The Ethics of Social Distance and Proximity in the City

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 995-1004
Author(s):  
Tea Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
Current Affairs ◽  
The City ◽  
The Ideal

The genealogy of ethics starts in the polis. Plato and Aristotle had an optimistic view of polis life, even though Plato was born shortly after the plague of Athens, an experience that left a deep imprint in his society, and interestingly not a very good opinion of democracy. The idea of the polis as the ideal locus for human flourishing can be contested because we do not share the same face-to-face form of life with the ancient polis-dwellers. Contemporary megacities do not harbor an agora in which citizens debate current affairs. Such debates have shifted to social media. It is worth investigating the value of face-to-face interaction even today. Despite the risk of spreading airborne lung diseases like the Corona virus, the possibility of face-to-face interactions allows the cultivation of attention necessary for ethics. Knowing your neighbor by acquaintance, seeing her face every day can make pedestrians better attuned to the need to protect her in times of the pandemic, by maintaining distance and wearing a mask. If this is indeed the case, then it has implications for urban design: urban density can be designed in a way that affords functional proximity (the likelihood of encounters) and more humane neighborhoods.

scholarly journals ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN KOTA HIBRIDA PADA KANTOR POS DAN ALUN-ALUN DI MEDAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Siti Rukayah ◽  
Sudarmawan Juwono
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Post Office ◽  
City Center ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Hybrid Concept ◽  
The City

The traditional citi center in Java has a composition of the square. The philosophy of the city is as the center of the country which is lead by the king. The regency cities in Java adopt this concept with the similar composition. In the Dutch colonial era of the 18-19th century, the postweg line is connected the regency cities in Java, with the post office located near the city center. Medan in Sumatra becomes the case to eximen how the architectural concept of the post office and Merdeka field (resembling the square in Java) as the work of the Dutch government at that time. The purpose of this study is to uncover the concept of the post office located at the zero point of the city and Merdeka Field as the square in the city center. By using the historical and grounded research, it is found that Medan is a unique city. The hybrid architectural design of the post office classifies the shape of the old city center in Medan, which has the hybrid concept which has the philosophy  of meeting various cultures. The Java and Dutch concept for urban design is affected by Java, Malay, and Chinese for building design. 

scholarly journals The Changing Urban Landscape of Chinese Cities: Positive and Negative Impacts of Urban Design Controls on Contemporary Urban Housing

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Cheshmehzangi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Post War ◽  
Alternative Routes

China’s contemporary urban housing is increasingly developed at mass housing scale. In recent decades, it has transformed into large scale urban design approach rather than individual architectural design. This is generally common across major Chinese cities and is also becoming the case in some township regions. The increase in mass urban housing production firstly initiated in early years after establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 and was then increased significantly from the 1970s onwards. Similar to the case of post-war European housing development in the 1950s and 1960s, China experienced a rapid transition and huge demand for new urban housing. The two decades of 1980s and 1990s are known as China’s remarkable era for rapid growth and urbanisation, which was unprecedented not only for China but also globally. In this paper, the focus is on urban design controls and their impacts on housing transitions in China by first analysing common housing typologies as well as their challenges and issues and common practices of urban design for housing projects across major cities of China. This paper argues in favour of alternative routes before concluding on the importance of detailed design and new possibilities for revised and re-evaluated urban design controls. This paper offers a set of analytical views on positive and negative impacts of urban design controls on contemporary urban housing in China. It also adds to existing research focused on urban housing transitions in China and directly linked to sectors of urban planning and urban design. This study concludes with possibilities for new directions, focused on: development of low- to midrise urban housing typology, compact urban development, and avoidance of gated community development.

scholarly journals Improving Understanding of City Spaces for Tourism Applications

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kheir Al-Kodmany
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Spatial Clusters ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
River Confluence ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
River City ◽  
Digital Engagement ◽  
The City

This paper explores a blend of digital and traditional methods to inform about a city’s popular spaces. Using locational data from social media platforms including Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram, along with using participatory field surveys and direct observations and combining insights from architecture and urban design literature, this study reveals popular socio-spatial clusters in the city of Chicago. The locational data of photographs were visualized by using geographic information systems, and they helped in producing heat maps that showed the spatial distribution of posted photographs. The geo-intensity of photographs illustrated the areas that are the most visited in the city. The study’s results indicate that the city’s most popular places include Millennium Park, Maggie Daley Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile Gateway, the Inner Loop, the Water Tower Area, the River Confluence, Museum Campus, Urban Giants, Grant Park, and the River City complex. The findings elucidate that social media plays an important role in promoting places and thereby sustaining a greater interest and stream of visitors. Consequently, planners should tap into the public’s digital engagement in city places to improve tourism and the economy.

scholarly journals The air pollution contributions of a large-scale suburban development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Grace Di Poce
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Air Contaminants ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Transportation Emissions ◽  
Suburban Developments ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

In 2007, Toronto Public Health found that air pollution from traffic causes as many as 440 premature deaths and 1,700 hospitalizations annually in the city. Many researchers have demonstrated the links between urban design and vehicle use, however little research has been done to address the air pollution contributions of vehicle-dependent, large-scale suburban developments. To address this deficiency, this study estimated the air pollution contributions of a 6,755 unit approved subdivision, to be built in the Town of Richmond Hill, Ontario. Using the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation's Tool for Evaluating Neighbourhood Sustainability and Transporation Canada's urban Transportation Emissions Caculator the quantity of vehicle-produced criteria air contaminants were estimated for the development in the years 2010 and 2030. The quantity of CAC emissions estimated for both 2010 and 2030 suggest that the forecast emissions from the development are non-trivial and that further study should be conducted to estimate the health impacts of this development.

scholarly journals The air pollution contributions of a large-scale suburban development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Grace Di Poce
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Air Contaminants ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Transportation Emissions ◽  
Suburban Developments ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

In 2007, Toronto Public Health found that air pollution from traffic causes as many as 440 premature deaths and 1,700 hospitalizations annually in the city. Many researchers have demonstrated the links between urban design and vehicle use, however little research has been done to address the air pollution contributions of vehicle-dependent, large-scale suburban developments. To address this deficiency, this study estimated the air pollution contributions of a 6,755 unit approved subdivision, to be built in the Town of Richmond Hill, Ontario. Using the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation's Tool for Evaluating Neighbourhood Sustainability and Transporation Canada's urban Transportation Emissions Caculator the quantity of vehicle-produced criteria air contaminants were estimated for the development in the years 2010 and 2030. The quantity of CAC emissions estimated for both 2010 and 2030 suggest that the forecast emissions from the development are non-trivial and that further study should be conducted to estimate the health impacts of this development.

Change of Attitude, Technology and Practice: Identifying the Change for Increased Value Creation with Customer Co-creation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82
Author(s):  
Soumi Paul ◽  
Paola Peretti ◽  
Saroj Kumar Datta
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Competencies ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Prime Concern

Building customer relationships and customer equity is the prime concern in today’s business decisions. The emergence of internet, especially social media like Facebook and Twitter, changed traditional marketing thought to a great extent. The importance of customer orientation is reflected in the axiom, “The customer is the king”. A good number of organizations are engaging customers in their new product development activities via social media platforms. Co-creation, a new perspective in which customers are active co-creators of the products they buy and use, is currently challenging the traditional paradigm. The concept of co-creation involving the customer’s knowledge, creativity and judgment to generate value is considered not only an upcoming trend that introduces new products or services but also fitting their need and increasing value for money. Knowledge and innovation are inseparable. Knowledge management competencies and capacities are essential to any organization that aspires to be distinguished and innovative. The present work is an attempt to identify the change in value creation procedure along with one area of business, where co-creation can return significant dividends. It is on extending the brand or brand category through brand extension or line extension. This article, through an in depth literature review analysis, identifies the changes in every perspective of this paradigm shift and it presents a conceptual model of company-customer-brand-based co-creation activity via social media. The main objective is offering an agenda for future research of this emerging trend and ensuring the way to move from theory to practice. The paper acts as a proposal; it allows the organization to go for this change in a large scale and obtain early feedback on the idea presented. 

Book Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-389
Author(s):  
Eduardo Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
City Image ◽  
European Capital Of Culture ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
The Olympic Games

Evinç Doğan (2016). Image of Istanbul, Impact of ECoC 2010 on The City Image. London: Transnational Press London. [222 pp, RRP: £18.75, ISBN: 978-1-910781-22-7]The idea of discovering or creating a form of uniqueness to differentiate a place from others is clearly attractive. In this regard, and in line with Ashworth (2009), three urban planning instruments are widely used throughout the world as a means of boosting a city’s image: (i) personality association - where places associate themselves with a named individual from history, literature, the arts, politics, entertainment, sport or even mythology; (ii) the visual qualities of buildings and urban design, which include flagship building, signature urban design and even signature districts and (iii) event hallmarking - where places organize events, usually cultural (e.g., European Capital of Culture, henceforth referred to as ECoC) or sporting (e.g., the Olympic Games), in order to obtain worldwide recognition. 

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