scholarly journals Degraded pastures in Brazil: improving livestock production and forest restoration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 201854
Author(s):  
Rafael Feltran-Barbieri ◽  
José Gustavo Féres
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
Degraded Pasture ◽  
Native Pastures ◽  
Agricultural Yield ◽  
Degraded Pastures

Degraded pasture is a major liability in Brazilian agriculture, but restoration and recovery efforts could turn this area into a new frontier to both agricultural yield expansion and forest restoration. Currently, rural properties with larger degraded pasture areas are associated with higher levels of technical inefficiency in Brazil. The recovery of 12 million ha of degraded pastures could generate an additional production of 17.7 million bovines while reducing the need for new agricultural land. Regional identification of degraded pastures would facilitate the targeting of agricultural extension and advisory services and rural credit efforts aimed at fostering pasture recovery. Since only 1% of Brazilian municipalities contain 25% of degraded pastures, focusing pasture recovery efforts on this small group of municipalities could generate considerable benefits. More efficient allocation of degraded and native pastures for meat production and forest restoration could provide land enough to fully comply with its Forest Code requirements, while adding 9 million heads to the cattle inventory. Degraded pasture recovery and restoration is a win–win strategy that could boost livestock husbandry and avoid deforestation in Brazil and has to be the priority strategy of agribusiness sector.

scholarly journals Cowpea yield on soils with residues of NPK and natural phosphate fertilizers in succession the area of degraded pasture

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Emerson Gazel Teixeira ◽  
Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes ◽  
Jessivaldo Rodrigues Galvão ◽  
Wendel Valter da Silveira Pereira ◽  
Sandro Rogério Almeida Casanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Phosphate ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Degraded Pasture ◽  
And Control ◽  
Degraded Pastures

ABSTRACT The cultivation of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] can be an important alternative in succession to maize in areas of degraded pastures due to the use of residue from fertilizers . With this, we aimed to evaluate the productivity of cowpea as a successor culture to undergo corn doses of reactive natural phosphate Arad and combinations with NPK. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split plot with four replications. The fertilizer was applied in previous cultivation (crop) using four phosphate doses in the form of Arad natural phosphate: 50, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and the sub-plots in combination with NPK, NK, NK + liming, and control (no liming and fertilizer). The cowpea yield components were evaluated in this work. The residues of P2O5 from the natural phosphate increased the phosphorus content in the plant and influenced the number of grains per pod. The residual effect of NK+ liming and only NK showed better results for the variables grain yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and dry mass of aerial part. The residual effect of NPK showed better results for the mass of 100 grains.

scholarly journals APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO LINEAR DE MISTURA ESPECTRAL PARA MAPEAMENTO DE PASTAGENS DEGRADADAS E SOLO EXPOSTO NA AMAZÔNIA

Nativa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
Fabrício Assis Leal ◽  
Maila Pereira de Almeida ◽  
Glória Da Silva Almeida Leal
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Spectral Unmixing ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Soil Fraction ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Degraded Pasture ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Spectral Mixture ◽  
Degraded Pastures

Este trabalho se ocupou no mapeamento e quantificação de pastagens degradadas/solo exposto em propriedades rurais de São Félix do Xingu/PA, em descobrir agrupamentos espaciais para taxas de pastagens degradadas, além de descrever o perfil das propriedades que estavam inseridas nestes agrupamentos. Foram utilizadas cenas do satélite Landsat 8 em 2017, classificadas para obtenção de áreas de pastagens. Depois foi utilizada análise de mistura espectral para obtenção da fração solo. Essa fração solo foi classificada e a primeira classe representou as áreas de pastagens degradadas/solo exposto. Essas áreas foram intersectadas com as propriedades rurais e depois classificadas em relação as taxas de pastagens degradadas/solo exposto. Sequencialmente as propriedades foram agrupadas espacialmente por meio de análise hot spot. A área total de pastagens em 2017 representou 49,8%, já as áreas de pastagens degradadas/solo exposto somaram 21.621 hectares (2,7%) e tiveram presentes em 3.643 (64%) das propriedades rurais (5.691), sendo que 3.004 delas possuíam tamanho de até 500 ha, sendo caracterizadas como pequenas propriedades. Foram três os agrupamentos hot spot encontrados que concentraram 982 propriedades rurais. Dessas 982 propriedades, 878 delas (89,4%) também estavam no grupo de até 500 ha. As pastagens degradadas e solo exposto estavam predominantemente concentradas nas pequenas propriedades rurais.Palavras-chave: análise espacial; imagem fração-solo; pecuária. LINEAR SPECTRAL UNMIXING FOR MAPPING DEGRADED PASTURES AND BARE SOIL IN THE AMAZON ABSTRACT:This work focused on the mapping and quantification of degraded pastures / bare soil in rural properties of São Félix do Xingu/PA, and in discovering spatial clusters for degradation rates, and describing the profile of the properties that were inserted in these clusters. We used scenes from the Landsat 8 satellite in 2017, classified to obtain pasture areas. Then spectral mixture analysis was used in the images to obtain the soil fraction. This fraction was classified and the first class represented the degraded pasture/exposed soil areas. These areas were intersected with the farms and then classified for degraded pasture/exposed soil rates. Sequentially the properties were spatially grouped by hot spot analysis. The total pasture area in 2017 represented 49.8%, while degraded pasture / exposed soil areas totaled 21,621 hectares (2.7%) and were present in 3,643 (64%) of rural properties (5,691), and 3,004 of them had a size of up to 500 ha, being characterized as small properties. There were three hot spot clusters found that concentrated 982 rural properties. Of these properties, 878 of them (89.4%) were also in the group of up to 500 ha. Degraded pastures/exposed soil were predominantly concentrated on small farms.Keywords: Spatial analysis, soil-fraction image, livestock.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic transitions from forested to human-dominated landscapes in southern Macaronesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (40) ◽  
pp. e2022215118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Castilla-Beltrán ◽  
Lea de Nascimento ◽  
José-María Fernández-Palacios ◽  
Robert J. Whittaker ◽  
Kathy J. Willis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Cabo Verde ◽  
Human Colonization

The extinction of iconic species such as the dodo and the deforestation of Easter Island are emblematic of the transformative impact of human colonization of many oceanic islands, especially those in the tropics and subtropics. Yet, the interaction of prehistoric and colonial-era colonists with the forests and forest resources they encountered can be complex, varies between islands, and remains poorly understood. Long-term ecological records (e.g., fossil pollen) provide the means to understand these human impacts in relation to natural change and variability pre- and postcolonization. Here we analyze paleoecological archives in forested landscapes of the Canary Islands and Cabo Verde, first colonized approximately 2,400 to 2,000 and 490 y ago, respectively. We demonstrate sensitivity to regional climate change prior to human colonization, followed by divergent but gradual impacts of early human settlement. These contrast with more rapid transformation in the colonial era, associated with significant increases in anthropogenic pressures. In the Canary Islands, at least two native tree taxa became extinct and lowland thermophilous woodlands were largely converted to agricultural land, yet relictual subtropical laurel forests persisted with limited incursion of nonnative species. In Cabo Verde, in contrast, thermophilous woodlands were depleted and substituted by open landscapes and introduced woodlands. Differences between these two archipelagos reflect the changing cultural practices and societal interactions with forests and illustrate the importance of long-term data series in understanding the human footprint on island ecosystems, information that will be critically important for current and future forest restoration and conservation management practices in these two biodiversity hotspots.

scholarly journals Forest restoration in the Сoncept of the draft Federal law “Forest code of the Russian Federation”

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
V.A. Kharitonov ◽  
◽  
A.N. Pekkoev ◽  
S.A. Moshnikov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Forest

The article notes the relevance of the Concept of the draft Federal law “Forest code of the Russian Federation”. One of the sections of this Concept (point 3.7.10) concerning reforestation issues is considered. The importance of the approach proposed in the Concept, which provides for more flexible legal regulation of technological issues of reforestation, taking into account regional, forest-growing and economic conditions, is emphasized. Questions that require clarification or more detailed disclosure are noted.

scholarly journals Internal environment of an agricultural farm

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
D. Kudová
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Average Annual Production ◽  
Good Reputation ◽  
Head Count ◽  
White Cattle ◽  
Agricultural Farm

Zemspol, Dešná, Ltd is a large corporation engaged in various aspects of agriculture in the Czech Republic, including agricultural production, the assembly, maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery, the production of feed stuffs and feed mixtures,special agricultural services demanding special entitlement, business related matters and accounting. This paper focuses on agricultural production. The farm manages 2 100 hectares of agricultural land suitable for growing potatoes, although the largest area is used for growing wheat. The range of produce remains constant. Regarding livestock, the corporation specializes in cattle with the steady head count 250 for the past 15 years. These are predominantly red and white cattle, optimized for both milk and meat production. The average annual production is 1 350 000 litres of milk and 250 tons of beef. The agricultural farm can be described as being a strong perfomer with a very stable base, good reputation and very attractive products, both of crops and livestock. In order to keep this enviable status, frequent internal and external environmental analyses are undertaken.

scholarly journals Implementing Brazil’s Forest Code: a vital contribution to securing forests and conserving biodiversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Catherine Brock ◽  
Andy Arnell ◽  
Will Simonson ◽  
Aline C. Soterroni ◽  
Aline Mosnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractMeeting Brazil’s ambitious national commitments on both climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation depends on securing its reserves of forest carbon and biodiversity. Brazil’s ‘Forest Code’ is a key tool to reconcile environmental preservation and agricultural production; it limits deforestation and requires forest restoration in illegally deforested areas. However, not all provisions of the law’s 2012 revision have yet been implemented and some are facing new challenges. Using modelled land use change projections for the whole of the country, we show that full implementation and enforcement of the law has the potential to contribute to conserving biodiversity. Biodiversity outcomes will be especially positive if (i) deforested areas are restored in ways that support recolonization by native species and (ii) additional measures are implemented to protect native vegetation in areas like Caatinga dry forests and Cerrado savannas, which may experience added pressure displaced from other regions by Forest Code implementation.

scholarly journals Vision-Based Decision-Making Methodology for Riparian Forest Restoration and Flood Protection Using Nature-Based Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Lilli ◽  
Sofia D. Nerantzaki ◽  
Christos Riziotis ◽  
Manolis Kotronakis ◽  
Dionissis Efstathiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
Financial Communication

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are actions that use natural processes in a resource efficient manner to solve societal challenges. The lack of supportive legislature, and financial, communication and social barriers complicate the process of NBS implementation. It is an urgent need to develop approaches to design and implement NBS that would act as drivers to overcome potential barriers and enhance the social acceptability of the project. The vision-based decision-making methodology and participatory process created in this study has been carried out in the Koiliaris Critical Zone Observatory in Crete to design erosion and flood protection NBS and restore the riparian forest. The methodology consists of four distinct steps as follows: i) develop a vision of the area, ii) conduct a baseline assessment study, iii) NBS design and co-design, and iv) procurement and implementation. The methodology overcame multiple barriers because of the effective stakeholder engagement and the vision “drove” the project and created the necessary consensus that is necessary to achieve the objective of converting privately owned prime agricultural land to riparian forest. It offers an exemplar of a functional ecosystem restoration project that protects the river in a sustainable way, improves its biodiversity and water quality and improves the quality of life and social cohesion.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis of Corn Cultivation in the Setup of the Crop-Livestock-Forest Integration System to Recover Degraded Pastures

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego ◽  
Victor Roberto Ribeiro Reis ◽  
Alcido Elenor Wander ◽  
Ilka South de Lima Cantanhêde ◽  
Joaquim Bezerra Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Degraded Pasture ◽  
Setup Phase ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Guarantee Price ◽  
Efficiency Indicators ◽  
Degraded Pastures

The objective of this study is to estimate the production costs and profitability of corn cultivation in the setup phase of the crop-livestock-forest integration system for pasture recovery in the municipality of Pindaré-Mirim/MA, Brazil. The study was developed at the Technological Reference Unit (TRU) for the Integration of Crop-Livestock-Forest (ICLF) of Embrapa Cocais, located in the municipality of Pindaré-Mirim/MA, Brazil. Data collection occurred during the agricultural year 2015/2016. The management of the ICLF system was carried out following the molds of the “Santa Fé” technique. The cost of production was used to calculate the Total Operational Cost (TOC) and were extrapolated per hectare. For the economic analysis of corn production, three different prices were considered: (a) the price received by the producer; (b) the historical average of the last 30 months to the date of actual sale of the product; and (c) the minimum guarantee price of the federal government. The TOC was found to be US$ 1,672.72 per hectare. The economic efficiency indicators showed promising profit values, demonstrating that in this study with corn production in the 1st year, it would be possible to pay for the implementation of the ICLF system as an alternative for the recovery of degraded pasture.

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