scholarly journals Managing water resources for crop production

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1356) ◽  
pp. 937-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Wallace ◽  
C. H. Batchelor
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Useful Plants ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
Major Constraint ◽  
Great Pressure ◽  
Use Efficiency

Increasing crop production to meet the food requirements of the world's growing population will put great pressure on global water resources. Given that the vast freshwater resources that are available in the world are far from fully exploited, globally there should be sufficient water for future agricultural requirements. However, there are large areas where low water supply and high human demand may lead to regional shortages of water for future food production. In these arid and semi–arid areas, where water is a major constraint on production, improving water resource management is crucial if Malthusian disasters are to be avoided. There is considerable scope for improvement, since in both dryland and irrigated agriculture only about one–third of the available water (as rainfall, surface, or groundwater) is used to grow useful plants. This paper illustrates a range of techniques that could lead to increased crop production by improving agricultural water use efficiency. This may be achieved by increasing the total amount of water available to plants or by increasing the efficiency with which that water is used to produce biomass. Although the crash from the Malthusian precipice may ultimately be inevitable if population growth is not addressed, the time taken to reach the edge of the precipice could be lengthened by more efficient use of existing water resources.

scholarly journals No-tillage sorghum and garbanzo yields match or exceed standard tillage yields

2022 ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P. Mitchell ◽  
Anil Shrestha ◽  
Lynn Epstein ◽  
Jeffery A. Dahlberg ◽  
Teamrat Ghezzehei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
San Joaquin Valley ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
No Till ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop System

To meet the requirements of California's Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, there is a critical need for crop production strategies with less reliance on irrigation from surface and groundwater sources. One strategy for improving agricultural water use efficiency is reducing tillage and maintaining residues on the soil surface. We evaluated high residue no-till versus standard tillage in the San Joaquin Valley with and without cover crops on the yields of two crops, garbanzo and sorghum, for 4 years. The no-till treatment had no primary or secondary tillage. Sorghum yields were similar in no-till and standard tillage systems while no-till garbanzo yields matched or exceeded those of standard tillage, depending on the year. Cover crops had no effect on crop yields. Soil cover was highest under the no-till with cover crop system, averaging 97% versus 5% for the standard tillage without cover crop system. Our results suggest that garbanzos and sorghum can be grown under no-till practices in the San Joaquin Valley without loss of yield.

scholarly journals Food Production: The Critical Role of Irrigation Water

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Khem Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Conjunctive Use ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Agriculture Intensification

As food need rises, Nepal's reliance on irrigated agriculture does increase. Increased production to satisfy the food demand of the future must essentially come from intensification, not from expansion of agriculture. Intensification potential of irrigated agriculture is much higher than rainfed system. Technologies, professionals and farmers should go together to achieve greater impacts and ensure the country's food security. Key words: Irrigated agriculture, food security, farmer participation, conjunctive use, physical infrastructure, integrated water resource management, Nepal  doi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1918 Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 3, July 2008. Page 35-37

Correlation between Grain Production and the Water Supply in Yunnan

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 1977-1980
Author(s):  
Jian Xiong Wang ◽  
Pan Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
Stable Yield

In recent years in yunnan province grain production increase in volatility,The high and stable yield of grain without good irrigation. Agriculture is water conservation, Industrial and agricultural water use ratio is about 1:4 in China, the main contradiction of supply and demand of water resources in agriculture.Due to other reasons, agricultural water supply reliability will be further reduced.In the case of agricultural water situation has deteriorated, in order to ensure and enlarge the scale of regional food production,urgently needs to research and develop to solve the contradictory between food production and supply of water resources in this area.

scholarly journals Water Storage for Food Security in Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khem Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
River Types ◽  
Development Paradigm

Increasing trend of water scarcity for drinking, irrigation, hydropower generation and other purposes has been a serious challenge for Nepal. As food need rises, the country's reliance on irrigated agriculture increases. The existing run-of-river types of irrigation systems provide little leverage in providing adequate, timely and equitable water supply to the farmers' fields. With the approval of the 2002 Water Resources Strategy, the country is in the process of changing its water development paradigm from sect oral to integrated water resource management. In this context, intensification of agriculture is the most viable option of achieving food security and this requires assured supply of irrigation water which is possible mainly through water storage systems.Key words: Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM); Irrigation; Water storage; Agriculture intensification; NepalDOI: 10.3126/hn.v7i0.4234Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol 7, July, 2010Page: 35-37Uploaded date: 31 January, 2011

scholarly journals Will China's water resources be safe in 2030?

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lishuo Guo ◽  
Lifang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Resource Management System ◽  
Water Resources Carrying Capacity ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract This paper is distinct from existing studies on water resources carrying capacity which usually use dimensionless data to represent trend and status of water resources carrying capacity. Here, on the grounds of the most stringent water resource management system and following the principles of water determining population, water determining city scale, water determining production and so on, water resources carrying capacity prediction model was established. The water resources carrying capacity was represented by population, which can directly reflect the status of water resources. Under the rigid constraints of water use quantity and water use efficiency, six scenarios were set to predict China's maximum population in 2030. The results demonstrated that the maximum population in each scenario is close to 1.45 billion of National Population Development Plan. It means water resources rigid constraints can support population and economic growth at the socio-economic development current pace and path. Total water use quantity will not break through the limit of 800–900 billion m3 when achieving the expected goals of social and economic development, not even more than 700 billion m3. Meanwhile, in order to relieve water resources stress, to improve water resources carrying capacity, and to accelerate construction of a water-saving society, some suggestions were put forward.

scholarly journals Irrigation Management in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1504
Author(s):  
Koffi Djaman ◽  
Suat Irmak ◽  
Komlan Koudahe ◽  
Samuel Allen
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
The Impact

Limited water resources coupled with the increase of the human population calls for more efficient use of water in irrigated agriculture. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most widely grown crops worldwide and is very sensitive to water stress due to its shallow rooting system. With the dilemma of potato sensitivity to drought and limited available water resources restricting crop production, researchers and crop growers have been investigating different approaches for optimizing potato yield and improving crop water use efficiency under different irrigation methods. While potato response to water is affected by other management practices such as fertilizer management, the present review is focused on the potato response to water under different environments and different irrigation methods and the impact on potato quality and potato diseases. Variable results obtained from research studies indicate the non-transferability of the results from one location to another as potato cultivars are not the same and potato breeders are still making effort to develop new high-yielding varieties to increase crop production and or develop new varieties for a specific trait to satisfy consumers exigence. This review is a valuable source of information for potato growers and scientists as it is not only focused on the impact of irrigation regimes on potato yield and water productivity as most reviews on water management, but it also presents the impact of irrigation regime on diseases in potatoes, tuber specific gravity, metabolite content of the tubers and the quality of the processed potato products.

scholarly journals Water Use Efficiency and Sensitivity Assessment for Agricultural Production System from the Water Footprint Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9665
Author(s):  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Jigan Wang ◽  
Xinchun Cao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Use Efficiency

The increasing shortage of water resources and the growing demand for crops make water use efficiency a decisive factor for the sustainable and healthy development of the agricultural system. In order to evaluate agricultural water use efficiency from the water footprint perspective, the current study constructed the comprehensive water efficiency (CWE) index based on eight single agricultural water use efficiency performance parameters. The water resources utilization and efficiency in the wheat production system of China from 2006 to 2015 were analyzed and the sensitivity of single indices for CWE was identified. The results show that the national crop water footprint (CWF) for wheat production was estimated to be, including 46.3% blue, 36.6% green and 17.0% blue components, respectively. The spatial distribution patterns of water use efficiency performance indices were different. CWE of the country was 0.387, showing an upward trend over time and decreased from the southeast to the northwest geographically. Crop water productivity (CWP), productive water ratio (PWR) and rainwater consumption ratio (RCR) turned out to be the first three sensitive parameters for CWE in China. The improvement of China’s overall CWE relied on reducing inefficient blue-green water use and increasing the output capacity for per unit water. Advanced agricultural water-saving technologies were in high need for goal achievement, especially for the Huang-Huai-Hai plain, which held more than 70% of Chinese wheat production and CWF. The results provide support for efficient utilization and sustainable development of water resources in the agricultural system.

scholarly journals Agrophotovoltaics (APV) Improving the Land and Water Use Efficiency: A System Dynamics Analysis: An Overview

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
M. Sharath Chandra ◽  
R. K. Naresh ◽  
Jana Harish ◽  
Pebbeti Chandana ◽  
Shipra Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Use Efficiency

India is on the verge to reduce its intensity of carbon emissions with an significant impetus to increase grid-based solar photovoltaic capacity, but there is a rising carbon footprint in the agricultural sector. In irrigated agriculture, there is a huge subsidies for electricity and diesel to pump groundwater combined with lack of water withdrawal regulations resulting in both groundwater over-exploitation and increased carbon emissions. To meet global energy demands with renewable energy such as solar Agrophotovoltaic (APV) systems are needed because of the relatively diffuse nature of solar energy requires large surface areas. Huge portions of the land will increase the competition for land-based resources by using solar APV farming, while demand for food production as well as energy grow and compete for limited land resources with increasing population. There was also a marked increase in the late-seasons biomass for APV panels were considerably more water-efficient. In order to minimize conflicts between food and energy production on land use, APV combines biomass cultivation and solar energy production at the same site for increasing land and water use efficiency. In conclusion, this review study suggests that little adaptation of crop practices should be required to move from an open crop to an agri-voltaic crop system, and attention should be focused on minimizing light reduction and selecting plants with maximum radiation efficiency under these fluctuating shade conditions for improving land and water use efficiency. Further, APV increases the economic benefit of agriculture in rural areas will contribute to decentralized, off-grid electrification and thus boost farm productivity. As such, APV can serve as a valuable technical approach to sustainable agriculture, helping to meet energy and food production challenges and also climate change hazards, simultaneously serving land and water resources.

scholarly journals Needs of Effective Water Conservation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6643-6647
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Agriculture Modernization ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
The One

The earth’s supply of fresh water is fixed. Its distribution is skewed spatially and temporarily. The maximum usage of water withdrawals is by agricultural sector for irrigation. It is socially, economically and culturally entwined with the lives of people. In the course of irrigation development many irrigation projects have been evolved across India. There are various irrigation techniques followed in different parts of India. The continued growth of population, industrialization, urbanization, climate change, emission of greenhouse gases and deforestation build up pressure on available water resources and arable land for food production. It is further worsened with crop production loss, deterioration of water sheds, disappearance of wetlands and reoccurrence of erratic monsoon. The fall of ground water table, deterioration of quality water, salinization, soil degradation, water logging and irrational use of water emphasized the need for conservation of irrigation water sources. While we have adopted many conservation measures like artificial recharge scheme, percolation ponds, check dams, irrigated agriculture modernization and rehabilitation works on the one side, the problem of irrigation water scarcity and shortage in the availability of quality water still persists. Hence, an attempt has been made to study the need s and effective management on conservation of irrigation water resources.

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